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thyme absolute

Thyme absolute is a concentrated aromatic essential oil from Thymus vulgaris with herbal, spicy, and green notes used primarily in flavors and fragrances.

General Material Description

Thyme absolute is a natural, concentrated essential oil obtained from the plant Thymus vulgaris, commonly known as common thyme. This absolute is characterized by a deep herbal aroma with sweet, green, spicy, and slightly medicinal nuances. It is widely recognized under multiple synonyms including Thyme oil, Oleum Thymi Vulgaris, and Thymus vulgaris L. absolute. The essential oil is extracted through solvent extraction processes yielding a viscous, aromatic liquid that captures the complex scent profile of thyme. This botanical absolute has applications in flavor and fragrance industries and is listed in chemical databases such as PubChem. It is sourced primarily from cultivated thyme plants, often grown in Mediterranean climates.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Thyme absolute naturally occurs in the leaves and flowering tops of Thymus vulgaris, a herb frequently found in Mediterranean regions. This essential oil finds utility as a flavoring agent and aromatic ingredient in perfumes and personal care products. Its deep herbal and spicy notes complement fern, forest, hyacinth, jasmine, spice, and violet aroma accords. The material is used under the guidelines of standards such as FEMA (US) for flavoring applications. Its inclusion in fragrances is subject to IFRA (Global) restrictions due to certain constituents linked to sensitization. Thyme absolute also contributes characteristic herbal flavor notes in food, enhancing complexity and freshness.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Thyme absolute is a viscous, aromatic liquid with limited water solubility but good solubility in alcohols. Its flash point is approximately 85 °C (185 °F), indicating moderate volatility and flammability under certain conditions. The typical shelf life is around 24 months when stored in cool, dry, and light-protected environments with tightly sealed containers. The oil's chemical profile contains volatile terpenes and phenols responsible for its herbal, spicy scent. These physicochemical characteristics influence formulation decisions, especially concerning solvent choice and storage to maintain olfactory integrity and stability.

FAQ

What is thyme absolute and how is it produced?
Thyme absolute is an essential oil extracted from the Thymus vulgaris plant, commonly referred to as common thyme. It is produced by solvent extraction of the fresh or dried plant material, resulting in a concentrated, aromatic liquid capturing the plant's complex herbal and spicy scent profile. This absolute differs from distilled thyme oil by having a richer and more complete composition of fragrant compounds.
Where is thyme absolute typically sourced from and what are its main uses?
Thyme absolute is primarily sourced from cultivated thyme plants grown in Mediterranean climates. The essential oil is utilized in the flavor and fragrance industries, contributing herbal, green, and spicy notes. It enhances perfumes, personal care products, and various food and beverage flavors. Regulatory bodies like FEMA (US) provide usage guidelines to ensure safe application levels in flavorings.
What safety and regulatory considerations are associated with thyme absolute?
Thyme absolute is regulated by organizations such as IFRA (Global) and FEMA (US) to manage allergenic components like geraniol and eugenol. It typically shows no classification hazards under OSHA standards, but usage levels in fragrances and flavors are restricted to limit sensitization risks. It has defined LD50 toxicity thresholds for oral and dermal exposure in animal studies. Proper storage and handling minimize degradation and maintain safety.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Other Information

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
Export Tariff Code:3301.90.5000
Typical G.C.
Wikipedia:View

General Material Information

Preferred name thyme absolute
Trivial Name Thyme oil
Short Description thymus vulgaris absolute
CAS Number 8007-46-3
FEMA Number 3064
FDA UNII Search
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 8007-46-3 ; THYME OIL (THYMUS VULGARIS L. AND T. ZYGIS VAR. GRACILIS BOISS.)
Synonyms
  • thyme (white & red) absolute (for fragrance) (Robertet)
  • thyme absolute morocco
  • thymus vulgaris absolute
  • thymus vulgaris l. absolute
  • Thyme oil
  • Oils, thyme
  • Oils, essential, thyme, Thymus vulgaris
  • Essential oils, thyme, Thymus vulgaris
  • Oil of Thyme
  • Thymus vulgaris oils
  • Thyme leaf oil
  • Oleum Thymi Vulgaris
  • Thymus vulgaris essential oils
  • Thymus vulgaris essential oil
  • Oleum thymi
  • BioZell

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Flash Point TCC Value 85 °C TCC
Shelf life 24 months (or longer if stored properly.)
Storage notes Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 437.4 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Herbal
herbal, sweet, green, spicy, medicinal
General comment At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. deep herbal sweet green spicy medical
Flavor Type: Herbal
thyme
General comment Thyme

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Fern , Forest , Herbal , Hyacinth , Jasmin , Spice , Violet

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
unreported-mouse LD50 1250 mg/kg
Pharmazie. Vol. 11, Pg. 628, 1956.

oral-rat LD50 2840 mg/kg
Pharmazie. Vol. 14, Pg. 435, 1959.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 1003, 1974.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only)
(E)-2-hexen-1-al Max. Found: trace to
geraniol Max. Found: 0.05 % and Reason: Sensitization
eugenol Max. Found: 0.05 % and Reason: Sensitization
methyl eugenol Max. Found: 0.02 % and Reason: Sensitization
Recommendation for thyme absolute usage levels up to:
0.1000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: 1.500005.30000
beverages(nonalcoholic): 1.000005.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -100.00000
condiments / relishes: -18.00000
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -20.00000
fruit ices: -20.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: 1.0000015.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -33.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -0.13000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8007-46-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
thymus vulgaris l. absolute
Chemidplus:0008007463