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ylang ylang flower oil
Ylang ylang flower oil is a floral-scented essential oil extracted from Cananga odorata flowers, widely used in perfumery and flavoring.
General Material Description
Ylang ylang flower oil is an essential oil obtained from the flowers of the Cananga odorata tree, native to tropical Asia. This oil is characterized by a distinctive medium-strength floral aroma described as floral, flower petal, neroli, lily, and spicy nuances. Commonly referenced under synonyms such as Cananga odorata essential oil and ylang-ylang oil, it has a pale yellow to amber appearance. The oil's primary use is in fragrance and flavor formulations, where its complex floral note provides an exotic profile. Refer to PubChem for chemical identifiers and structural information. It is generally derived via steam distillation of fresh Cananga odorata flowers, ensuring retention of its characteristic scent components.
Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses
Ylang ylang flower oil naturally occurs in the flowers of the Cananga odorata tree, which grows in tropical climates such as the Philippines and Indonesia. The oil is extensively employed in the flavor and fragrance industry, especially as a component in perfumes, personal care products, and scented cosmetics. It is used to impart floral notes to formulations and serves as a key ingredient in several notable fragrance compositions like Chanel No. 5 and Arpege. Additionally, ylang ylang oil finds applications in flavoring various food products and beverages. Its safety and usage levels are regulated under standards such as FEMA (US), ensuring compliance with flavoring and fragrance quality guidelines.
Physico-Chemical Properties Summary
Ylang ylang flower oil exhibits specific gravity values ranging from 0.948 to 0.968 at 25 °C with a refractive index between 1.497 and 1.511 at 20 °C. The oil has a flash point around 77 °C (170 °F), indicating moderate volatility and flammability characteristics relevant for handling and formulation. It is soluble in ethyl alcohol at various concentrations but only sparingly soluble in water. These physicochemical aspects influence its blending behavior and stability, often ensuring that ylang ylang oil integrates well with other aromatic compounds in creams, lotions, and perfumes without discoloration. Proper storage involves cool, dry, and light-protected conditions to maintain shelf life beyond 24 months.
FAQ
What is ylang ylang flower oil and where does it come from?
Ylang ylang flower oil is an essential oil extracted from the flowers of the Cananga odorata tree, a tropical species native to regions such as Southeast Asia. The oil is obtained by steam distillation of the fresh flowers and is prized for its characteristic floral aroma used in perfumery and flavoring.
How is ylang ylang flower oil typically used in industry?
The oil is primarily used as a fragrance material in perfumes, cosmetics, and personal care products owing to its medium-strength floral scent. It also serves as a flavoring agent in food and beverage applications. Its inclusion in notable fragrance blends highlights its versatility. Safety guidelines and regulatory limits, such as those from IFRA and FEMA (US), guide its formulation levels to ensure suitability for consumer products.
What safety and regulatory considerations apply to ylang ylang flower oil?
Ylang ylang flower oil is classified as an irritant and may cause skin sensitization; appropriate protective measures are recommended during handling. Regulatory bodies like IFRA provide specific usage limits in various product categories to minimize adverse effects. The oil is listed under FEMA (US) as a generally recognized as safe flavoring substance when used within established limits. Safety data sheets and material safety assessments are available to guide safe use in industry.
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
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Literature & References
| cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas. flower oil | |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 8006-81-3 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135323667 |
Other Information
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| Export Tariff Code: | 3301.29.6000 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| FAO: | BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION |
General Material Information
| Preferred name | ylang ylang flower oil |
| Trivial Name | Oils, Canangaodorata |
| Short Description | cananga odorata flower oil |
| CAS Number | 8006-81-3 |
| FEMA Number | 3119 |
| FDA UNII | 8YOY78GNNX |
| COE Number | 103 |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 8006-81-3 ; YLANG-YLANG, OIL (CANANGA ODORATA HOOK. F. AND THOMAS) |
| Synonyms |
|
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 7.888 to 8.055 |
| Refractive Index | 1.497 to 1.511 @ 20 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 76.67 °C TCC |
| Shelf life | 24 months (or longer if stored properly.) |
| Storage notes | Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Solubility | |
| ethyl alcohol, .5-2 vol. of 60% alcohol | Yes |
| ethyl alcohol, 1 to 2 vol. 95% alcohol | Yes |
| water, 18.24 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
| Stability | |
| cream | Unspecified |
| hair spray | Unspecified |
| lipstick | Unspecified |
| lotion | Unspecified |
| non-discoloring in most media | Unspecified |
| powder | Unspecified |
| soap | Unspecified |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Floral | |
| floral, petal, neroli, lily, spicy | |
| Odor strength | medium |
| Substantivity | 140 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1982) | At 100.00 %. floral flower petal neroli lily spicy |
| Flavor Type: Floral | |
| ylang | |
| General comment | Ylang |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Acacia , Aldehydic , Ambrosia , Angel essence , Apple blossom , Azalea , Balsam , Carnation , Chypre , Clover , Colonia , Country meadow , Crabapple blossom , Elder flower , Fagonia , Fern , Floral , Florida breeze , Freesia , Gardenia , Genet , Heliotrope , Honeysuckle , Hyacinth , Japan flowers , Jasmin , Jonquil , Lilac , Lily , Lily of the valley , Linden flower , Magnolia , Mimosa , Narcissus , Orange blossom , Orchid , Oriental , Patchouli , Peony , Poppy red poppy , Powder , Rose , Rose red rose , Rose white rose , Sandalwood , Stephanotis , Sweet pea , Tuberose , Violet , Wallflower , Wisteria , Woody , Ylang ylang , Zibeline |
| Other purposes | A suma , Aimant , Arpege , Bellodgia , Chanel #5 , Cinq fleurs forvil , Je reviens , Joy , L'air du temps , Monimia , My sin , Rive gauche , Scandal , Tabu , Tide , Vol de nuit , White shoulders , Youth dew |
| Cosmetic purposes | Fragrance , Perfuming agents |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
| R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. R 43 - May cause sensitisation by skin contact. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Skin sensitisation (Category 1), H317 Serious eye damage/eye irritation (Category 2A), H320 | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram |  |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| H302 - Harmful if swallowed H315 - Causes skin irritation H317 - May cause an allergic skin reaction H320 - Causes eye irritation | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| P102 - Keep out of reach of children. P103 - Read label before use P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P270 - Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 + P312 - IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. P302 + P352 - IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P330 - Rinse mouth. P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 1015, 1974. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 1015, 1974. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| IFRA Critical Effect: | |||
| Dermal sensitization | |||
| IFRA Other Specification: | |||
| contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only) | |||
| farnesol | Max. Found: 1.5 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| geraniol | Max. Found: 1.00 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| benzyl benzoate | Max. Found: 6.00 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| isoeugenol | Max. Found: 0.5 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| benzyl salicylate | Max. Found: 3.00 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| eugenol | Max. Found: 0.5 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| benzyl alcohol | Max. Found: 0.5 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| (E)-cinnamyl alcohol | Max. Found: | ||
| phenyl acetonitrile | Max. Found: 0.03 % and Reason: Release of cyanide | ||
| farnesal | Max. Found: 0.02 % and Reason: Sensitization | ||
| View the IFRA Standard | |||
| View IFRA Standards Library for complete information. | |||
| Please review Amendment 49 IFRA documentation for complete information. | |||
| IFRA RESTRICTION LIMITS IN THE FINISHED PRODUCT (%): | |||
| Category 1: Products applied to the lips | |||
| 0.13 % | |||
| Category 2: Products applied to the axillae | |||
| 0.039 % | |||
| Category 3: Products applied to the face/body using fingertips | |||
| 0.78 % | |||
| Category 4: Products related to fine fragrance | |||
| 0.73 % | |||
| Category 5: Products applied to the face and body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| Category 5A: Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 0.18 % | |||
| Category 5B: Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 0.18 % | |||
| Category 5C: Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 0.18 % | |||
| Category 5D: Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc | |||
| 0.18 % | |||
| Category 6: Products with oral and lip exposure | |||
| 0.43 % | |||
| Category 7: Products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| Category 7A: Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| 1.50 % | |||
| Category 7B: Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| 1.50 % | |||
| Category 8: Products with significant anogenital exposure | |||
| 0.077 % | |||
| Category 9: Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off | |||
| 1.4 % | |||
| Category 10: Household care products with mostly hand contact | |||
| Category 10A: Household care excluding aerosol products (excluding aerosol/spray products) | |||
| 5.10 % | |||
| Category 10B: Household aerosol/spray products | |||
| 5.10 % | |||
| Category 11: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate | |||
| Category 11A: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure | |||
| 2.80 % | |||
| Category 11B: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure | |||
| 2.80 % | |||
| Category 12: Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin | |||
| No Restriction | |||
| Notes: | |||
| IFRA FLAVOR REQUIREMENTS: | |||
Due to the possible ingestion of small amounts of fragrance ingredients from their use in products in Categories 1 and 6, materials must not only comply with IFRA Standards but must also be recognized as safe as a flavoring ingredient as defined by the IOFI Code of Practice (www.iofi.org). For more details see chapter 1 of the Guidance for the use of IFRA Standards. | |||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 2.90000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 0.95000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 18.00000 | 25.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | 0.75000 | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | 1.40000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | 1.40000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 2.90000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8006-81-3 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:2 |
| cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas. flower oil |
| Chemidplus:0008006813 |
| RTECS:ZF9116000 for cas# 8006-81-3 |