curled parsley leaf oil

Curled parsley leaf oil is a natural essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves of Petroselinum crispum, a member of the Apiaceae family. It typically presents as a clear to pale yellow liquid with a fresh, green, and herbal scent profile that includes spicy, leafy, phenolic, and woody notes. Known by several synonyms such as petroselinum vulgare leaf oil and parsley leaf EO, this oil carries key sensory characteristics useful in flavor and fragrance industries. Its chemical composition aligns with standards documented in public chemical repositories like PubChem. It is primarily sourced from the parsley plant harvested in various geographic regions, including Tasmania and Australia, where conditions yield high-quality oil.

Curled parsley leaf oil naturally occurs in the leaves of the flowering plant Petroselinum crispum, commonly known as curled parsley. Its applications span the flavor and fragrance sectors where it acts as a herbal note enhancer. The oil is valued for its capacity to add fresh, green, and woody characteristics to complex aromatic blends, including aldehydic, chypre, fern, and oriental categories. According to IFRA (Global) standards, usage levels should be monitored to manage phototoxicity concerns due to furocoumarins such as bergapten. The oil is also recognized by FEMA (US) as a flavoring agent, suggesting its regulatory acceptance for food applications at specified concentrations.

Curled parsley leaf oil has a specific gravity ranging from 0.94 to 0.98 at 25 °C and a refractive index between 1.503 and 1.53 at 20 °C, indicating moderate density and optical clarity respectively. The flash point is approximately 50 °C (122 °F), representing its flammability risk during handling and formulation. Solubility studies show that the oil is soluble in alcohol and fixed oils but sparingly soluble or insoluble in water and glycerin. This solubility profile directs its appropriate formulation into lipophilic or alcoholic matrices rather than aqueous systems. Stability data suggest sensitivity to alkali conditions. These physical and chemical properties influence its blending parameters within flavor and fragrance compositions.

	petroselinum crispum mill. leaf oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	8000-68-8
Pubchem (sid):	135334239
	petroselinum sativum leaf extract
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	84012-33-9
Pubchem (sid):	135304623

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):	View
Export Tariff Code:	3301.29.6000
Typical G.C.
Wikipedia:	View
FAO:	BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

Safety information

European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Human Experience:
2 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-mouse LD50 1520 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME DECREASED Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 13, Pg. 897, 1975. oral-rat LD50 3300 mg/kg Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 21, Pg. 871, 1983.
Dermal Toxicity:
skin-guinea pig LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 13, Pg. 897, 1975. skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 21, Pg. 871, 1983.
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
IFRA Critical Effect:
Phototoxicity
IFRA fragrance material specification:
	The following essential oils contain small amounts of phototoxic furocoumarins. These levels are not high enough to require special restrictions if used alone, but if used in combination with one or the other phototoxic essential oil, attention should be paid that the total level of bergapten (5-MOP) in the consumer product does not exceed 15 ppm. It is the responsibility of fragrance manufacturers to ensure that the level is observed. Typical levels of 5-MOP are the following: Parsley leaf oil - 20 ppm.
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only)
carvone	Max. Found:
Recommendation for curled parsley leaf oil usage levels up to:
	2.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 24
Click here to view publication 3
		average usual ppm	average maximum ppm
baked goods:		19.00000	24.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic):		1.00000	2.00000
beverages(alcoholic):		1.00000	2.00000
breakfast cereal:		-	-
cheese:		-	-
chewing gum:		8000.00000	12500.00000
condiments / relishes:		45.00000	64.00000
confectionery froastings:		-	-
egg products:		-	-
fats / oils:		-	-
fish products:		-	-
frozen dairy:		0.90000	1.00000
fruit ices:		-	0.25000
gelatins / puddings:		7.00000	10.00000
granulated sugar:		-	-
gravies:		2.00000	6.00000
hard candy:		1000.00000	1000.00000
imitation dairy:		-	-
instant coffee / tea:		-	-
jams / jellies:		-	-
meat products:		38.00000	63.00000
milk products:		-	-
nut products:		-	-
other grains:		-	-
poultry:		-	-
processed fruits:		-	-
processed vegetables:		0.80000	1.00000
reconstituted vegetables:		-	-
seasonings / flavors:		-	-
snack foods:		-	-
soft candy:		3.00000	6.00000
soups:		33.00000	66.00000
sugar substitutes:		-	-
sweet sauces:		-	-

Safety references

EPI System: View

EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8000-68-8

EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data

EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data

WISER:UN 1993

WGK Germany:2

petroselinum crispum mill. leaf oil

Chemidplus:0008000688

RTECS:RW5500000 for cas# 8000-68-8

petroselinum sativum leaf extract

Chemidplus:0084012339