tea tree oil

General Material Information

Preferred name	tea tree oil
Trivial Name	melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil
Short Description	oil distilled from the leaves of the tea tree, melaleuca alternifolia, myrtaceae
CAS Number	68647-73-4
CAS Number	8022-72-8
FEMA Number	3902
FDA UNII	Search
MDL	MFCD00132409
FDA Patent	No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm	68647-73-4 ; TEA TREE OIL (MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA)
Synonyms	melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil melasol (melaleuca alternifolia) oil distilled from the leaves of the tea tree, melaleuca alternifolia, myrtaceae tea tree EO tea tree ess. oil (for fragrance) (Robertet) tea tree essential oil tea tree oil australia organic tea tree oil natural tea tree oil organic teatree oil ti tree oil (melaleuca alternifolia) ti-trol (melaleuca alternifolia)

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

	melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	68647-73-4
Pubchem (sid):	135349900
	melaleuca alternifolia oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	8022-72-8
Pubchem (sid):	135325475

Publications by PubMed
Effect of a cooling gel on pain sensitivity and healing of hot-iron cattle brands.
Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
The effect of thyme and tea tree oils on morphology and metabolism of Candida albicans.
Effect of a tea tree oil and organic acid footbath solution on digital dermatitis in dairy cows.
Mosquitocidal essential oils: are they safe against non-target aquatic organisms?
Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and five terpenoid compounds against Campylobacter jejuni in pure and mixed culture experiments.
The possible mechanism of antifungal action of tea tree oil on Botrytis cinerea.
Î±-Terpineol induces fatty liver in mice mediated by the AMP-activated kinase and sterol response element binding protein pathway.
Fungal decay and shelf life of oranges coated with chitosan and bergamot, thyme, and tea tree essential oils.
Plant essential oils and mastitis disease: their potential inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to bacteria related inflammation.
Characterization, antibiofilm, and mechanism of action of novel PEG-stabilized lipid nanoparticles loaded with terpinen-4-ol.
Dipping and jetting with tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil formulations control lice (Bovicola ovis) on sheep.
Bioactivity of tea tree oil from Melaleuca alternifolia against sheep lice (Bovicola ovis Schrank) in vitro.
Insecticidal and repellent effects of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil against Lucilia cuprina.
Antimicrobial activity of two essential oils.
Essential oils as biopreservatives: different methods for the technological application in lettuce leaves.
MRSA colonisation (eradicating colonisation in people without active/invasive infection).
Which plant for which skin disease? Part 1: Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, condyloma and herpes simplex.
Botanicals in dermatology: an evidence-based review.
Alternative therapies for common dermatologic disorders, part 1.
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Growth inhibition of pathogenic bacteria and some yeasts by selected essential oils and survival of L. monocytogenes and C. albicans in apple-carrot juice.
Changes in antibiotic susceptibility in staphylococci habituated to sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia).
Candidiasis (vulvovaginal).
Habituation to sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) is associated with reduced susceptibility to antibiotics in human pathogens.
Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil possesses potent anti-staphylococcal activity extended to strains resistant to antibiotics.
A review of the toxicity of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil.
The antimutagenic activity of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) essential oil in the bacterial reverse mutation assay.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Australian tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil and its components.
Preferred age for assessment of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the essential oil of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) seedlings prior to plantation establishment.
Bioactivity of Backhousia citriodora: antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Comparison of oil recovered from tea tree leaf by ethanol extraction and steam distillation.

Other Information

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):	View
Export Tariff Code:	3301.29.5050
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:	View
MedlinePlusSupp:	View
Typical G.C.
Wikipedia:	View
FAO:	BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

Suppliers

Absolute Cosmetic Essentials	Advanced Biotech
Albert Vieille SAS	Ambles Nature et Chimie
Anhui Haibei	Astral Extracts
Augustus Oils	Azelis UK
Berjé	BOC Sciences
Bontoux	Bristol Botanicals
Camden-Grey Essential Oils	Charabot
Charkit Chemical	Citrus and Allied Essences
De Monchy Aromatics	Down Under Enterprises
ECSA Chemicals	Elixens America
Ernesto Ventós	Excellentia International
F. P. Aromatics Singapore	Fleurchem
Foreverest Resources	Frey + Lau
Fuzhou Farwell	George Uhe Company
Glentham Life Sciences	Global Essence
Hermitage Oils	Indenta Group
India Essential Oils	Indukern F&F
Jiangyin Healthway	John Kellys (London)
K.L. Koh Enterprise	Kanta Enterprises
Kraft Chemical	Lluch Essence
Maypro Industries	Moellhausen
Payand Betrand	Penta International
PerfumersWorld	Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils
Quimdis	R C Treatt & Co Ltd
Reincke & Fichtner	Robertet
Sachee	Sigma-Aldrich
SRS Aromatics	The John D. Walsh Company
The Lebermuth Company	The Lermond Company
The Perfumers Apprentice	The Perfumery
Ultra International	United International
Vege Tech	Vigon International
Zanos	Advanced Biotech. Inc.
Augustus Oils Ltd	Azelis UK Ltd.
Berje Inc.	Bontoux SAS
Charkit Chemical Corporation	Elixens America, Inc.
Fleurchem, Inc.	Foreverest Resources Ltd.
Glentham Life Sciences Ltd	Global Essence Inc.
Hermitage Oils / Neroli S.R.L.	Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division
Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd	Lluch Essence S.L.
Moellhausen S.P.A.	Penta International Corporation
PerfumersWorld Ltd.	Robertet, Inc.
SRS Aromatics Ltd	The John D. Walsh Company, Inc
R C Treatt and Co Ltd	Ultra International Limited
Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd	Ernesto Ventós S.A.
Zanos Ltd.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex	No
Specific gravity	@ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon	7.389 to 7.564
Refractive Index	1.475 to 1.482 @ 20 °C
Flash Point TCC Value	50 °C TCC
Shelf life	24 months (or longer if stored properly.)
Storage notes	Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Solubility
alcohol	Yes
fixed oils	Yes
paraffin oil	Yes
water, 332.1 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)	Yes
water	No
glycerin	No
Stability
alkali	Unspecified

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Spicy
citrus, spicy, terpenic, nutmeg, pine
Odor strength	medium
Substantivity	44 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Luebke, William tgsc, (1996)	At 100.00 %. citrus spicy terpenic nutmeg pine
Flavor Type: Terpenic
terpenic, spicy, nutmeg, cooling, minty, fatty
Luebke, William tgsc, (1996)	Terpenic spicy nutmeg cooling minty fatty

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications	antimicrobial agents
Odor purposes	Herbal, Mint, Nutmeg, Pine
Cosmetic purposes	Antioxidants, Perfuming agents

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn N - Harmful, Dangerous for the environment.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 43 - May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R 51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R 65 - Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet. S 62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.

Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302 Acute toxicity, dermal (Category 5), H313 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Skin sensitisation (Category 1), H317 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319 Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 2), H411 Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)
H302 - Harmful if swallowed H313 - May be harmful in contact with skin H315 - Causes skin irritation H317 - May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 - Causes serious eye irritation H411 - Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects H226 - Flammable liquid and vapour
Precautionary statement(s)
P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321 - Specific treatment (see … on this label). P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 1900 mg/kg Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 407, 1988. oral-child TDLo 500 uL/kg BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS" BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 32, Pg. 461, 1994. oral-child TDLo 500 uL/kg BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA Veterinary and Human Toxicology. Vol. 37, Pg. 557, 1995. oral-man TDLo 21 uL/kg BLOOD: CHANGES IN CELL COUNT (UNSPECIFIED) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" Medical Journal of Australia. Vol. 159, Pg. 830, 1993.
Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LDLo 5000 mg/kg Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 407, 1988.
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
antimicrobial agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only)
methyl eugenol	Max. Found: 0.05 % and Reason: Sensitization
Recommendation for tea tree oil usage levels up to:
	3.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.

Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 18
Click here to view publication 18
		average usual ppm	average maximum ppm
baked goods:		10.00000	30.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic):		10.00000	30.00000
beverages(alcoholic):		10.00000	50.00000
breakfast cereal:		10.00000	30.00000
cheese:		10.00000	30.00000
chewing gum:		10.00000	50.00000
condiments / relishes:		10.00000	50.00000
confectionery froastings:		10.00000	30.00000
egg products:		10.00000	30.00000
fats / oils:		10.00000	30.00000
fish products:		10.00000	50.00000
frozen dairy:		10.00000	30.00000
fruit ices:		10.00000	30.00000
gelatins / puddings:		10.00000	30.00000
granulated sugar:		-	-
gravies:		10.00000	50.00000
hard candy:		10.00000	50.00000
imitation dairy:		10.00000	30.00000
instant coffee / tea:		10.00000	30.00000
jams / jellies:		10.00000	30.00000
meat products:		10.00000	50.00000
milk products:		10.00000	30.00000
nut products:		10.00000	30.00000
other grains:		10.00000	30.00000
poultry:		10.00000	30.00000
processed fruits:		10.00000	30.00000
processed vegetables:		10.00000	50.00000
reconstituted vegetables:		10.00000	50.00000
seasonings / flavors:		10.00000	30.00000
snack foods:		10.00000	50.00000
soft candy:		10.00000	30.00000
soups:		10.00000	50.00000
sugar substitutes:		10.00000	30.00000
sweet sauces:		10.00000	30.00000