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nepeta cataria herb oil

Nepeta cataria herb oil is a volatile oil derived from the whole catnip plant, characterized by a minty, herbal, woody, and spicy odor.

General Material Description

Nepeta cataria herb oil is a volatile essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the entire plant of Nepeta cataria L., a member of the Labiatae family. The oil presents a minty, herbal, woody, and spicy scent profile that finds applications primarily in fragrance and perfuming agents. Known by several synonyms including catnip oil, catnip herb oil, and Nepeta cataria essential oil, this botanical extract is referenced in scientific databases such as PubChem. It is typically sourced from cultivated or wild catnip plants, which are native to temperate regions. The oil is valued for its complex aromatic characteristics and is used mainly in cosmetic fragrance formulations.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Nepeta cataria herb oil naturally occurs in the catnip plant, Nepeta cataria L., widespread in various temperate climates. Its extraction as a volatile oil captures the plant's characteristic minty and herbal aroma. The oil is primarily applicable as a fragrance agent in cosmetic products and perfumery. It is not used in flavoring due to regulatory recommendations. The International Fragrance Association (IFRA, Global) provides guidelines governing its safe use levels within fragrance formulations. The application of this oil is thus concentrated in scent creation rather than ingestible products, capitalizing on its sensory properties.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

The oil’s physicochemical traits include solubility in water estimated at 1834 mg/L at 25 °C, which suggests moderate aqueous dispersibility for a volatile oil. These properties influence formulation choices in perfumery and cosmetic products, where solubility and volatility affect olfactory delivery. The minty, herbal, woody, and spicy odor profile is retained due to its chemical constituents, which are non-volatile solids under ambient conditions but highly volatile as an oil. The moderate solubility supports incorporation into emulsions and aqueous blends, while the oil’s overall stability and odor character must be considered in product design.

FAQ

What is nepeta cataria herb oil and what are its primary characteristics?
Nepeta cataria herb oil is a volatile essential oil extracted from the whole plant of Nepeta cataria L., also known as catnip. It is characterized by a distinctive minty, herbal, woody, and spicy aroma. This oil falls under the category of fragrance agents and is used mainly in perfuming applications. Recognized by synonyms such as catnip oil or Nepeta cataria essential oil, it is sourced from the Labiatae family plant and valued for its complex scent profile.
How is nepeta cataria herb oil typically used and where does it naturally occur?
The oil naturally occurs in the catnip plant, which is native to temperate regions and cultivated for essential oil extraction. Nepeta cataria herb oil is primarily utilized as a fragrance and perfuming agent in cosmetic products. Its sensory attributes lend themselves well to formulation in perfumes and scented goods. Usage guidelines from IFRA (Global) recommend restrictions on flavor applications, indicating its limited use outside of fragrance contexts.
What regulations or safety considerations apply to nepeta cataria herb oil?
According to assessments following the Globally Harmonized System and standards such as those by IFRA (Global), nepeta cataria herb oil does not present classified hazards under OSHA HCS. Oral toxicity data from animal studies indicate an intraperitoneal LD50 of 1300 mg/kg in mice. There are no established dermal or inhalation toxicity data. Usage in flavoring is not recommended, and the oil is mainly approved for fragrance applications with usage levels guided by IFRA codes. Safety data and regulatory references are available through EPA and FDA resources.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

nepeta cataria l. herb oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:8023-84-5
Pubchem (sid):135321432
Publications by PubMed
Presence of monoterpene synthase in four Labiatae species and Solid-Phase Microextraction- Gas chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis of their aroma profiles.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of nepeta cataria L. Against common causes of oral infections.
Efficacy and longevity of newly developed catnip oil microcapsules against stable fly oviposition and larval growth.
Effects of PAR and UV-B radiation on herbal yield, bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity of some medicinal plants under controlled environmental conditions.
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils from Nepeta cataria L. against Common Causes of Food-Borne Infections.
Interference in foraging behaviour of European and American house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) by catmint, Nepeta cataria (Lamiaceae).
Phytochemical screening of Nepeta cataria extracts and their in vitro inhibitory effects on free radicals and carbohydrate-metabolising enzymes.
Direct inhibition of calcineurin by caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides from Teucrium chamaedrys and Nepeta cataria.
Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora (Becker) increases penile erection in rats.
Nepetalactones from essential oil of Nepeta cataria represent a stable fly feeding and oviposition repellent.
Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites.
Efficacy and safety of catnip (Nepeta cataria) as a novel filth fly repellent.
Dihydronepetalactones deter feeding activity by mosquitoes, stable flies, and deer ticks.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of Nepeta cataria.
Behavioral responses of catnip (Nepeta cataria) by two species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles harrisoni, in Thailand.
Repellency of hydrogenated catmint oil formulations to black flies and mosquitoes in the field.
Chemical composition and mechanisms underlying the spasmolytic and bronchodilatory properties of the essential oil of Nepeta cataria L.
Fast gas chromatography characterisation of purified semiochemicals from essential oils of Matricaria chamomilla L. (Asteraceae) and Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae).
The ecological aspect of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology of population in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Is the extract from the plant catmint (Nepeta cataria) repellent to mosquitoes in Australia?
Flavonoids and phenolic acids of Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora (Becker) Balb. (Lamiaceae).
Quantification of nepetalactones in catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) by HPLC coupled with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection.
The Effect of Natural Mulches on Crop Performance, Weed Suppression and Biochemical Constituents of Catnip and St. John's Wort.
Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes.
The sensilla of Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes and their importance in repellency.
Insecticidal activity of some essential oils against larvae of Spodoptera littoralis.
Terpenoids and sterols from Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora (Lamiaceae).
Feeding deterrent effects of catnip oil components compared with two synthetic amides against Aedes aegypti.
Catnip essential oil as a barrier to subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in the laboratory.
Sensory and instrumental evaluation of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) aroma.
Aphid sex pheromones: from discovery to commercial production.
Manipulation of parasitoids for aphid pest management: progress and prospects.
Characterization of (1'R,4S,4aR,7S,7aR)-dihydronepetalactol as a semiochemical for lacewings, including Chrysopa spp. and Peyerimhoffina gracilis.
Behavioral activity of catnip (Lamiaceae) essential oil components to the German cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae).
Determination of nepetalactone in Nepeta cataria by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.
The effect of Nepeta cataria extract on adherence and enzyme production of Staphylococcus aureus.
Catnip and the alteration of human consciousness.
Behavioral effects of acute and long-term administration of catnip (Nepeta cataria) in mice.
Pharmacognosy of nepeta cataria.
Caffeoyltartronic acid from catnip (Nepeta cataria): A precursor for catechol in lubber grasshopper (Romalea guttata) defensive secretions.
A generalist herbivore in a specialist mode Metabolic, sequestrative, and defensive consequences.
(1R,5R,8S,9S)-Deoxyloganic acid from Nepeta cataria.
5-epideoxyloganic acid from Nepeta cataria.
[Chemical composition of the essential oil from melissa].
The effect of an ethanol extract of catnip (Nepeta cataria) on the behavior of the young chick.
Behavioral and toxicological studies of cyclopentanoid monoterpenes from Nepeta cataria.
Effect of drugs on catnip (Nepeta cataria)-induced pleasure behavior in cats.
Cyclopentanoid terpene biosynthesis in a phasmid insect and in catmint.
[Distribution of ethereal oils and citral in Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora Balbis, and the influence of various drying methods on their content in the drug].
[Fluctuation in the yield of volatile oils and citral from Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora balbis, Dracocephalum moldavica L. and Perilla ocymoides L. in the course of vegetation].

Other Information

Wikipedia:View
FAO:BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

General Material Information

Preferred name nepeta cataria herb oil
Trivial Name Oils, catnip
Short Description volatile oil obtained from the whole plant of the catnip, nepeta cataria l., labiatae
CAS Number 8023-84-5
FDA UNII T73V1G89MI
Synonyms
  • catnip herb oil
  • catnip oil
  • catnip oil organic + NOP
  • nepeta cataria EO
  • volatile oil obtained from the whole plant of the catnip, nepeta cataria l., labiatae
  • nepeta cataria l. herb oil
  • Oils, catnip
  • Oils, Nepetacataria
  • Nepeta cataria oils

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Solubility
water, 1834 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Minty
minty, herbal, woody, spicy
General comment At 100.00 %. minty herbal woody spicy

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1300 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Lloydia. Vol. 41, Pg. 367, 1978.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for nepeta cataria herb oil flavor usage levels up to:
not for flavor use.

Safety references

EPI System: View
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8023-84-5
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
nepeta cataria l. herb oil
Chemidplus:0008023845