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pennyroyal oil spain

Pennyroyal oil Spain is a minty herb oil derived from Mentha pulegium, commonly used as a flavor and fragrance agent in various applications.

General Material Description

Pennyroyal oil Spain is an essential oil extracted from the herb Mentha pulegium, a member of the Lamiaceae family. The oil is known for its characteristic minty odor and flavor profile, providing a fresh and slightly pungent herbal aroma. It is also referred to by synonyms such as Oil of Pennyroyal, European pennyroyal oil, and Oil of Pulegium. This oil is produced primarily through steam distillation of the fresh or dried leaves and flowering tops of the pennyroyal plant, which grows naturally in parts of Europe, including Spain. The oil’s sensory properties are widely recognized in flavor and fragrance industries. For controlled-vocabulary reference, see PubChem: Mentha pulegium. Its use is typically linked to its minty and herbal characteristics.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Pennyroyal oil is obtained from the Mentha pulegium plant, which occurs naturally in Mediterranean climates and various parts of Europe, including Spain. Its biological origin as a herbal mint renders it suitable for applications that replicate or complement mint and herbal notes. In flavor formulations, pennyroyal oil is used sparingly to impart a distinct minty flavor. In fragrance creation, it serves as an alternative to eucalyptus, peppermint, and rosemary oils, offering a woody and fresh herbal nuance. The International Fragrance Association (IFRA) provides guidelines on the safe usage levels globally, recommending a maximum of 1.0% in fragrance concentrates to ensure consumer safety. These standards ensure its appropriate application in perfuming agents and flavorings.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Pennyroyal oil Spain presents interesting solubility characteristics, being soluble in alcohol and exhibiting limited solubility in water, with an estimated value of approximately 173.7 mg/L at 25 °C. Its miscibility with alcohol allows ease of formulation in various aromatic products, while low water solubility influences its dispersion and volatility in aqueous systems. The minty odor and flavor notes are preserved by stable chemical constituents typical of Mentha pulegium oil. These physico-chemical features affect how the oil integrates into formulations, influencing factors such as dissolution, evaporation rate, and scent release profile.

FAQ

What is pennyroyal oil Spain and what are its main characteristics?
Pennyroyal oil Spain is an essential oil derived from the leaves and flowering tops of Mentha pulegium. It is characterized by a distinctive minty odor and flavor, which makes it valuable as a flavor and fragrance ingredient. Known also as Oil of Pennyroyal or European pennyroyal oil, it is obtained primarily through steam distillation. The oil captures the herbal, minty essence typical of the pennyroyal plant and exhibits a pale-yellow to greenish color. It is used in various aromatic applications, benefiting from its sharp and refreshing sensory profile.
How is pennyroyal oil Spain commonly used and where does it occur naturally?
Pennyroyal oil Spain originates from the Mentha pulegium herb native to Mediterranean and European regions, including Spain. It occurs naturally in these climates, growing wild or cultivated for oil extraction. The oil is primarily used as a flavoring agent and in fragrance formulations, where it acts as a replacement or modifier of eucalyptus, peppermint, or rosemary notes. Its minty and herbal aroma makes it suitable for perfuming agents and herbal flavor blends. Application rates are controlled to maintain product safety and optimal sensory impact.
What regulations or safety standards apply to the use of pennyroyal oil Spain?
The use of pennyroyal oil Spain in flavors and fragrances is subject to standards such as the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Code of Practice (Global), which recommends usage limits of up to 1.0% in fragrance concentrates to ensure consumer safety. No specific hazards classification has been found under 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS), and precautionary statements are generally not required based on available data. Regulatory databases such as the FDA and EPA list pennyroyal oil under CAS number 8013-99-8, with information accessible for compliance and risk assessment. Responsible formulation adherence to these guidelines is essential.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

mentha pulegium l. herb oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:8013-99-8
Pubchem (sid):135286596
Publications by PubMed
Development of new active packaging film made from a soluble soybean polysaccharide incorporated Zataria multiflora Boiss and Mentha pulegium essential oils.
Nematicidal activity of mint aqueous extracts against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
Characterization of soluble soybean polysaccharide film incorporated essential oil intended for food packaging.
Physical, mechanical and barrier properties of corn starch films incorporated with plant essential oils.
Increased seizure latency and decreased severity of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice after essential oil administration.
Relaxant effects of the essential oil of Mentha pulegium L. in rat isolated trachea and urinary bladder.
Extraction of volatile oil from aromatic plants with supercritical carbon dioxide: experiments and modeling.
Anthelmintic effect of Mentha spp. essential oils on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces and metacestodes.
Classification of Greek Mentha pulegium L. (Pennyroyal) samples, according to geographical location by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
The antioxidative effect of Iranian Mentha pulegium extracts and essential oil in sunflower oil.
Nematicidal activity of essential oils and volatiles derived from Portuguese aromatic flora against the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
Repellent activity of plant-derived compounds against Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs.
Quantitative determination of pulegone in pennyroyal oil by FT-IR spectroscopy.
Antibacterial effects of Iranian Mentha pulegium essential oil on isolates of Klebsiella sp.
Mode of action and variability in efficacy of plant essential oils showing toxicity against the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Mentha pulegium L. essential oil.
Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Mentha pulegium L. essential oil.
Microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity, a new technique for extraction of essential oils.
Insecticidal properties of several essential oils on the house fly (Musca domestica L.).
Fumigant and repellent properties of essential oils and component compounds against permethrin-resistant Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Argentina.
Inhibitory effects of the essential oil of Mentha pulegium on the isolated rat myometrium.
Mitigation of pennyroyal oil hepatotoxicity in the mouse.
Demonstration that menthofuran synthase of mint (Mentha) is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase: cloning, functional expression, and characterization of the responsible gene.
[Determination of pulegone in the essential oil of Mentha pulegium L. from Chile].
Demonstration that limonene is the first cyclic intermediate in the biosynthesis of oxygenated p-menthane monoterpenes in Mentha piperita and other Mentha species.

Other Information

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
Typical G.C.
Wikipedia:View
FAO:BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

General Material Information

Preferred name pennyroyal oil spain
Trivial Name Oils, pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium
Short Description mentha pulegium herb oil spain
CAS Number 8013-99-8
FDA UNII Search
FDA Mainterm 8013-99-8 ; PENNYROYAL, OIL, EUROPEAN (MENTHA PULEGIUM L.)
Synonyms
  • mentha pulegium herb oil spain
  • mentha pulegium l. herb oil
  • Oils, pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium
  • Oil of pennyroyal--European
  • Oil of pulegium
  • Oil of Pennyroyal
  • European pennyroyal oil
  • Pennyroyal oil

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 173.7 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Minty
minty
General comment At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. minty
Flavor Type: Minty
pennyroyal
General comment Pennyroyal

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Eucalyptus oil replacer , Herbal , Mint , Pennyroyal , Peppermint , Rosemary , Woody
Flavoring purposes Pennyroyal
Cosmetic purposes Perfuming agents

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for pennyroyal oil spain usage levels up to:
1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.

Safety references

EPI System: View
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8013-99-8
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
mentha pulegium l. herb oil
Chemidplus:008013998