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zedoary root oil

Zedoary root oil is a fragrant oil extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria, characterized by a woody odor and used in cosmetics and flavorings.

General Material Description

Zedoary root oil is an essential oil derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria, a plant of the Zingiberaceae family. This oil is recognized by its woody aroma and flavor profile, often described as distinct within the curcuma extracts. Known under various synonyms such as curcuma xanthorrhiza root oil or java turmeric root oil, it is widely utilized in the cosmetic and flavor industries. As a complex mixture of volatile compounds sourced from natural plant material, zedoary root oil exhibits properties typical for essential oils derived through steam distillation from rhizomes. The compound's chemical identity is documented in databases like PubChem. This oil's extraction and application have historical roots in Southeast Asian traditional uses, reflecting its sensory significance.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Zedoary root oil occurs naturally in the rhizomes of the Curcuma zedoaria plant, predominantly found in tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Its primary applications include use as a perfuming agent and a flavoring ingredient, capitalizing on its characteristic woody and warm notes. The oil is employed in cosmetic formulations for skin conditioning and as a fragrance component that contributes depth and complexity. Standards such as IFRA (Global) provide guidelines on safe usage levels within fragranced products, supporting its regulated application within the industry. Its incorporation into flavor and fragrance agents reflects an established role in enhancing sensory experiences in consumer products.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Zedoary root oil exhibits physical and chemical characteristics typical of essential oils derived from rhizomes. It is soluble in alcohol but not in water, which influences its behavior in formulations, requiring appropriate solvents for efficient incorporation. The oil's woody odor profile is a result of its volatile constituents, contributing to its sensory identity. These properties necessitate consideration of solvent compatibility and stability when used in perfumes and flavorings. The oil’s insolubility in water indicates it will not readily disperse in aqueous systems without emulsifiers or solubilizers, impacting formulation strategy. Detailed physicochemical profiling supports its optimal application and handling within cosmetic and flavor product development.

FAQ

What is zedoary root oil and where does it come from?
Zedoary root oil is an essential oil extracted from the rhizomes of the Curcuma zedoaria plant, part of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The oil is obtained primarily by steam distillation from the plant's underground stems, which are traditionally harvested in Southeast Asia. It is recognized for its woody odor and flavor and is known under several synonyms including curcuma xanthorrhiza root oil and java turmeric root oil. Its natural origin and distinct aroma profile make it valuable in various sensory applications.
How is zedoary root oil used in products and what are its application areas?
Zedoary root oil finds use predominantly in cosmetic and flavoring products. It acts as a perfuming agent contributing woody aromatic notes and is also used for skin conditioning in cosmetic formulations. In flavors, its woody taste profile can enhance complexity. Due to its limited solubility in water but good solubility in alcohol, it is typically incorporated in alcohol-based or oil-based products. Industry standards such as the IFRA Code of Practice guide its safe concentration and usage to optimize effectiveness and consumer safety.
What safety and regulatory guidelines exist for zedoary root oil?
Zedoary root oil is classified with no identified hazards under GHS and OSHA HCS regulations, indicating a favorable safety profile as assessed by these standards. The International Fragrance Association (IFRA, Global) provides codes of practice outlining recommended usage levels in fragrance formulations. Safety assessments by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM) have been conducted to evaluate potential risks. While comprehensive oral, dermal, and inhalation toxicity data are not fully determined, no significant safety concerns have been reported to date. Regulatory frameworks ensure responsible use in cosmetics and flavors.

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Literature & References

curcuma zedoaria berg. rosc. root oil
Pubchem (sid):135333520
Publications by PubMed
Development of diversity-enhanced extracts of Curcuma zedoaria and their new sesquiterpene-like compounds.
β-elemene reverses the drug resistance of lung cancer A549/DDP cells via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Cytotoxic Activity from Curcuma zedoaria Through Mitochondrial Activation on Ovarian Cancer Cells.
Analysis of heavy metal lead (Pb) levels with Aas in cow's milk by giving cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) and mango turmeric (Curcuma mangga Val.).
Larvicidal and pupicidal activities of essential oils from Zingiberaceae plants against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) and Culex quinquefasciatus say mosquitoes.
Chemical constituents and anticancer activity of Curcuma zedoaria roscoe essential oil against non-small cell lung carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Suppression of benign prostate hyperplasia by Kaempferia parviflora rhizome.
Molecular modeling and docking characterization of CzR1, a CC-NBS-LRR R-gene from Curcuma zedoaria Loeb. that confers resistance to Pythium aphanidermatum.
In Vitro Morphological Assessment of Apoptosis Induced by Antiproliferative Constituents from the Rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria.
Total and inorganic arsenic contents in some edible zingiberaceous rhizomes in Thailand.
Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis involved in reproductive toxicity induced by sesquiterpenoids of Curcuma zedoaria in rats.
Functional food quality of Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa endemic to Northeastern India.
Effects of the extracts and an active compound curcumenone isolated from Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes on alcohol-induced drunkenness in mice.
Effects of the medicinal plants Curcuma zedoaria and Camellia sinensis on halitosis control.
Report: Studies on antibacterial activity of some traditional medicinal plants used in folk medicine.
Nutrient and metal analyses of Chinese herbal products marketed for veterinary use.
Cytotoxicity of the rhizome of medicinal plants.
Cytotoxicity evaluation of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe fluid extract used in oral hygiene products.
Effect of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc root extracts on behavioral and radiology changes in arthritic rats.
Contact toxicity, feeding reduction, and repellency of essential oils from three plants from the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) and their major components against Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum.
Anti-angiogenesis effect of essential oil from Curcuma zedoaria in vitro and in vivo.
Potential mechanisms of hypocholesterolaemic effect of Thai spices/dietary extracts.
Effect of different ingredients in traditional Korean medicine for human uterine leiomyoma on normal myometrial and leiomyomal smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Curcumenol from Curcuma zedoaria: a second monoclinic modification.
Pivotal role of curcuminoids on the antimutagenic activity of Curcuma zedoaria extracts.
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for oral delivery of Zedoary essential oil: formulation and bioavailability studies.
Curcuma zedoaria Rosc. (white turmeric): a review of its chemical, pharmacological and ethnomedicinal properties.
Isolation and characterization of antioxidation enzymes from cells of zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe) cultured in a 5-l bioreactor.
Inhibition of inducible prostaglandin E2 production and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by curdione from Curcuma zedoaria.
Aromatic plant-derived essential oil: an alternative larvicide for mosquito control.
Larvicidal efficacy and biological stability of a botanical natural product, zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules, against Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae).
Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenes from Curcuma zedoaria.
Comparison of Anti-inflammatory Activities of Six Curcuma Rhizomes: A Possible Curcuminoid-independent Pathway Mediated by Curcuma phaeocaulis Extract.
Essential oils as potential adulticides against two populations of Aedes aegypti, the laboratory and natural field strains, in Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand.
Seasonal variation and analgesic properties of different parts from Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) grown in Brazil.
Inhibitors from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum on production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages and the structural requirements of diarylheptanoids for the activity.
Suppressive effect of Zedoariae rhizoma on pulmonary metastasis of B16 melanoma cells.
Anti-babesial compounds from Curcuma zedoaria.
The inhibitory effect of a Korean herbal medicine, Zedoariae rhizoma, on growth of cultured human hepatic myofibroblast cells.
Antimicrobial activity of Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma malabarica tubers.
[Establishment of high-yield suspension cell line of Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc and study on the volatile oil synthesis-controlling with precursors].
A curcuminoid and two sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma zedoaria as inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis in activated macrophages.
Anti-allergic principles from Thai zedoary: structural requirements of curcuminoids for inhibition of degranulation and effect on the release of TNF-alpha and IL-4 in RBL-2H3 cells.
Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of the essential oil of Curcuma zedoaria.
Effects of Central Kalimantan plant extracts on intraerythrocytic Babesia gibsoni in culture.
9-Oxo-neoprocurcumenol from Curcuma aromatica (Zingiberaceae) as an attachment inhibitor against the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis galloprovincialis.
Inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by members of Zingiberaceae used by the Kenyah (Indonesian Borneo).
The in vitro inhibitory effects of crude extracts of traditional Chinese herbs on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase on Vero cells.
[Effect of Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Bosc on the myoelectric activity of uterus in rats and study of its mechanisms].
Evaluation of natural products on inhibition of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cultured mouse macrophage cells.
Phytochemical analysis and analgesic properties of Curcuma zedoaria grown in Brazil.
Inhibitory effects of natural sesquiterpenoids isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria on prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide production.
Suppressive effect of natural sesquiterpenoids on inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in mouse macrophage cells.
Agrotechniques for the cultivation of curcuma zedoaria (berg.) rosc.
Effects of polysaccharides from rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria on macrophage functions.
Sesquiterpenoids from the rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria.
A curcuminoid and sesquiterpenes as inhibitors of macrophage TNF-alpha release from Curcuma zedoaria.
Amylopectin aggregation as a function of starch phosphate content studied by size exclusion chromatography and on-line refractive index and light scattering.
Antitumor, genotoxicity and anticlastogenic activities of polysaccharide from Curcuma zedoaria.
Antiinflammatory potency of dehydrocurdione, a zedoary-derived sesquiterpene.
Inhibitory effect and action mechanism of sesquiterpenes from Zedoariae Rhizoma on D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury.
Cytotoxicity of curcuminoids and some novel compounds from Curcuma zedoaria.
[Isolation and structure determination of furan sesquiterpene from Chinese traditional herb ezhu (rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.)].
Multiplication of curcuma species by tissue culture.
Antimutagenic activity of extracts from anticancer drugs in Chinese medicine.
Toxicity of shoti (Indian arrowroot: Curcuma zedoaria) for rats and chicks.
Isolation of Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, the major antifungal principle of Curcumba zedoaria.
[Structure of curzerenone, a new sesquiterpene from Curcuma zedoaria].
[Structure of zedoarone, a new sesquiterpene from Curcuma zedoaria].
Pharmacological action of some common essential oil-bearing plants used in indigenous medicine. I. Pharmacological action of Acorus calamus, Curcuma zedoaria, Xanthoxylum alatum and Angelica archangelica.

Other Information

Wikipedia:View
FAO:BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

General Material Information

Trivial Name zedoary root oil
Short Description oil obtained from the rhizomes of the zedoary, curcuma zedoaria, zingiberaceae
CAS Number 84961-49-9
ECHA Number 284-637-1
FDA UNII Search
Synonyms
  • curcuma xanthorrhiza root oil
  • curcuma zedoaria root oil
  • oil obtained from the rhizomes of the zedoary, curcuma zedoaria, zingiberaceae
  • java turmeric root oil
  • zedoary (curcuma zedoaria) root oil
  • curcuma zedoaria berg. rosc. root oil
  • Curcuma zedoaria, ext.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Woody
zedoary
General comment At 100.00 %. zedoary
Flavor Type: Woody
zedoary
General comment Zedoary

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice

Safety references

AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
curcuma zedoaria berg. rosc. root oil
Chemidplus:0084961499