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pelargonium graveolens extract

Pelargonium graveolens extract is a fragrant natural extract derived from the bourbon geranium, used as a flavor and fragrance agent with characteristic floral notes.

General Material Description

Pelargonium graveolens extract is a concentrated botanical preparation obtained from the bourbon geranium plant, scientifically classified as Pelargonium graveolens (L.) of the Geraniaceae family. This extract is recognized for its distinct floral aroma and flavor, typical of geraniums, making it a valued component in both flavorings and fragrances. Known synonyms include geranium extract and pelargonium intermedium extract, among others. The extract is typically sourced from the distilled or solvent-extracted flowers and leaves of the geranium plant. For detailed chemical data and substance classification, it is referenced in public databases such as PubChem. The extract’s sensory profile combines intense floral notes with potential subtle herbaceous undertones characteristic of its botanical origin.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

This extract naturally occurs in the bourbon geranium, a perennial plant cultivated mainly for its aromatic leaves and flowers. Pelargonium graveolens extract finds extensive use as a flavor and fragrance agent in various consumer products including perfumes, cosmetics, and flavored goods. The floral and fresh scent profile makes it suitable for incorporation into formulations aimed at imparting natural floral character. Its use is regulated under standards such as IFRA (International Fragrance Association) (Global), which provides guidelines for concentration and safety in cosmetic applications. Additionally, it is valued in skin conditioning products due to its perceived gentle aromatic qualities.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Pelargonium graveolens extract is a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds contributing to its floral odor and flavor. It typically exhibits solubility in alcohols and other organic solvents, which affects its formulation in fragrance and flavor mixtures. The extract's composition can vary depending on extraction method, plant provenance, and growing conditions, influencing its scent intensity and balance. The floral scent is dominated by compounds such as geraniol and citronellol, which also impact its polarity and volatility. These properties make it compatible with a range of aromatic bases and solvents, enabling its use in diverse applications from perfumes to flavoring agents with a stable aroma profile.

FAQ

What is pelargonium graveolens extract?
Pelargonium graveolens extract is a concentrated natural extract derived from the bourbon geranium plant, belonging to the Geraniaceae family. It is characterized by a distinctive floral aroma and flavor profile typical of geranium. The extract is employed mainly as a fragrance and flavor ingredient in various industries. It is known under several synonyms including geranium extract and pelargonium intermedium extract, reflecting variations in source or preparation.
How is pelargonium graveolens extract used and where does it occur naturally?
This extract occurs naturally in the bourbon geranium plant, cultivated commonly for its aromatic foliage and flowers. It is utilized in flavor and fragrance formulations where a floral and slightly fruity geranium scent is desired. The extract is used in perfumery, cosmetics, and some food flavorings to impart fresh, floral notes. Regulatory standards such as IFRA (Global) provide guidelines on its safe use concentrations in consumer products.
What regulations and safety considerations apply to pelargonium graveolens extract?
Pelargonium graveolens extract is regulated under frameworks including IFRA (Global) and REACH (EU) to ensure consumer safety in fragranced and flavored products. Safety assessments conducted by organizations like RIFM indicate that no significant hazards have been identified under standard usage conditions. The extract does not have classification as hazardous under OSHA (US) GHS standards. Regulatory documentation and safety data sheets are publicly accessible to support its compliant use.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

pelargonium graveolens extract
Pubchem (sid):135339432
Publications by PubMed
Intercropping of aromatic crop Pelargonium graveolens with Solanum tuberosum for better productivity and soil health.
Impact of plant growth promoting Pseudomonas monteilii PsF84 and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida PsF610 on metal uptake and production of secondary metabolite (monoterpenes) by rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolenscv. bourbon) grown on tannery sludge amended soil.
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using plant extracts as reducing agents.
Fertilization and colors of plastic mulch affect biomass and essential oil of sweet-scented geranium.
The efficacy of essential oils as natural preservatives in vegetable oil.
A preliminary investigation of anticholinesterase activity of some Iranian medicinal plants commonly used in traditional medicine.
Changes in growth, essential oil yield and composition of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.) as affected by growing media.
Evidence for the Presence of 1,3-Dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) in Geranium Plant Materials.
Effect of plant secondary compounds on in vitro methane, ammonia production and ruminal protozoa population.
Activated charcoal-mediated RNA extraction method for Azadirachta indica and plants highly rich in polyphenolics, polysaccharides and other complex secondary compounds.
Bioactivity-guided investigation of geranium essential oils as natural tick repellents.
Antioxidant properties of Pelargonium graveolens L'Her essential oil on the reproductive damage induced by deltamethrin in mice as compared to alpha-tocopherol.
Updates on chemical and biological research on botanical ingredients in dietary supplements.
Analysis and Confirmation of 1,3-DMAA and 1,4-DMAA in Geranium Plants Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry at ng/g Concentrations.
Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils and organic extracts from Pelargonium graveolens growing in Tunisia.
Antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from Pelargonium graveolens L'Her and Vitex agnus-castus L.
Chemical composition and biological activities of polar extracts and essential oil of rose-scented geranium, Pelargonium graveolens.
Could 1,3 dimethylamylamine (DMAA) in food supplements have a natural origin?
Antimicrobial activity of geranium oil against clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Identification and quantification of dimethylamylamine in geranium by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
Pelargonium graveolens L'Her. and Artemisia arborescens L. essential oils: chemical composition, antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and insecticidal activity against Rhysopertha dominica.
Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of leaf essential oil of Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Pelargonium oil and methyl hexaneamine (MHA): analytical approaches supporting the absence of MHA in authenticated Pelargonium graveolens plant material and oil.
Clinical evaluation of the essential oil of Pelargonium graveolens for the treatment of denture stomatitis.
Effects of a Chinese medical herbs complex on cellular immunity and toxicity-related conditions of breast cancer patients.
Potentiation of antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin by Pelargonium graveolens essential oil against selected uropathogens.
Patent literature on mosquito repellent inventions which contain plant essential oils--a review.
In vitro synergistic antibacterial action of certain combinations of gentamicin and essential oils.
Fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from Ajowan ( Trachyspermum ammi ), Allspice ( Pimenta dioica ), caraway ( Carum carvi ), dill ( Anethum graveolens ), Geranium ( Pelargonium graveolens ), and Litsea ( Litsea cubeba ) oils against Japanese termite ( Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe).
Food protective effect of geraniol and its congeners against stored food mites.
In vitro synergic efficacy of the combination of Nystatin with the essential oils of Origanum vulgare and Pelargonium graveolens against some Candida species.
Green Synthesis of Small Silver Nanoparticles Using Geraniol and Its Cytotoxicity against Fibrosarcoma-Wehi 164.
Laboratory evaluation of aromatic essential oils from thirteen plant species as candidate repellents against Leptotrombidium chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae), the vector of scrub typhus.
Mite-control activities of active constituents isolated from Pelargonium graveolens against house dust mites.
'Buchu' -Agathosma betulina and Agathosma crenulata (Rutaceae): a review.
The inhibition of Candida species by selected essential oils and their synergism with amphotericin B.
Antibacterial effect of some essential oils administered alone or in combination with Norfloxacin.
Repellency of oils of lemon eucalyptus, geranium, and lavender and the mosquito repellent MyggA natural to Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field.
[Study on antioxidant activity of essential oils and its monomer from Pelargonium graveolens].
Antifungal effects of herbal essential oils alone and in combination with ketoconazole against Trichophyton spp.
Immobilization of biogenic gold nanoparticles in thermally evaporated fatty acid and amine thin films.
Geranium leaf assisted biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles.
Anti-Aspergillus activities of plant essential oils and their combination effects with ketoconazole or amphotericin B.
Influence of an organic mulching on fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency and herb and essential oil yields in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens).
Purification and characterization of a cationic isoperoxidase from scented-geranium.
Characterization of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) chloroplast EF-Tu cDNA.
An appropriate method for extracting the insect repellent citronellol from an indigenous plant (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) for potential use by resource-limited animal owners.
An efficient in vitro procedure for micropropagation and generation of somaclones of rose scented Pelargonium.
Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils.
Conversion of citronellyl diphosphate and citronellyl beta-D-glucoside into rose oxide by Pelargonium graveolens.
[Studies on the antitumor constituents of Pelargonium graveolens].
Biosynthesis of geraniol and nerol and beta-D-glucosides in Pelargonium graveolens and Rosa dilecta.

Other Information

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
Wikipedia:View

General Material Information

Preferred name pelargonium graveolens extract
Trivial Name Pelargonium graveolens, ext.
Short Description extract of the bourbon geranium, pelargonium graveolens (l.), geraniaceae
CAS Number 90082-51-2
ECHA Number 290-140-0
FDA UNII Search
FDA Mainterm 977091-46-5 ; GERANIUM EXTRACT (PELARGONIUM SPP.)
Synonyms
  • extract of the bourbon geranium, pelargonium graveolens (l.), geraniaceae
  • geranium extract
  • geranium extract 10:1
  • pelargonium intermedium extract
  • actipone rose geranium (Symrise)
  • flowerconcentrole rose geranium (Symrise)
  • flowerpone rose geranium (Symrise)
  • allplant essence® org. rose geranium P (Symrise)
  • Pelargonium graveolens, ext.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Floral
geranium
General comment At 100.00 %. geranium
Flavor Type: Floral
geranium
General comment Geranium

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice

Safety references

AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
pelargonium graveolens extract
Chemidplus:0090082512