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geraniol
General Material Information
| Preferred name | geraniol |
| Trivial Name | Geraniol |
| Short Description | trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1-ol |
| Formula | C10 H18 O |
| CAS Number | 106-24-1 |
| Deleted CAS Number | 8007-13-4 |
| FEMA Number | 2507 |
| ECHA Number | 203-377-1 |
| FDA UNII | L837108USY |
| Nikkaji Number | J3.240I |
| Beilstein Number | 1722456 |
| MDL | MFCD00002917 |
| COE Number | 60 |
| xLogP3-AA | 2.90 (est) |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1223 geraniol |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 106-24-1 ; GERANIOL |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 106-24-1 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 637566 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134971627 |
| Flavornet: | 106-24-1 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Golm Metabolome Database: | Search |
| UM BBD: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C01500 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB35155 |
| FooDB: | FDB013792 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB01700 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2905.22.5050 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| Formulations/Preparations: hercon japanese beetle food lure; active ingredient 9.84% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 23.0% eugenol, 4.84% geraniol lure n kill japanese beetle; active ingredient 9.84% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 23.0% eugenol, 0.47% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 9.84% geraniol bag-a-bug japanese beetle trap; active ingredient 0.84% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 23.0% eugenol, 0.47% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 2.84% geraniol japanese beetle combo bait; active ingredient 9.43% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 21.98& eugenol, 0.02% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 9.43% geraniol japanese beetle bait ii; active ingredient 9.50% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 22.25% eugenol, 0.133% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 9.50% geraniol trece japanese beetle trap; active ingredient 9.50% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 22.25% eugenol, 0.133% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 9.50% geraniol surefire japanese beetle trap; active ingredient 10.698% 2-phenylethyl propionate, 25.233% eugenol, 0.017% (r,z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3h)-furanone, 10.698% geraniol scent-off twist-ons and scent-off pellets; active ingredient 0.20% allyl isothiocyanate, 1.20% oil of citronella, 2.00% oil of lemongrass, 0.02% oil of orange, 0.02% methyl salicylate, 0.11% bergamot oil, 0.01% alpha-ionone, 0.04% geraniol biomite; active ingredient 0.167% farnesol, 0.417% nerolidol, 0.417% 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, 0.417% geraniol grade: standard; soap; synthetic; fcc; eoa. commercial product contains 88% minimum geraniol. ester content is not more than 1% (as geranyl acetate). aldehyde content is not more than 1% (as citronellol). from table | |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | Yes |
| Molecular weight | 154.2526550293 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 7.239 to 7.364 |
| Specific gravity | @ 20 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 7.231 to 7.298 |
| Refractive Index | 1.469 to 1.482 @ 20 °C |
| Melting Point | -16 to -14°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 229 to 230°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 111 to 112°C @ 10 mm Hg |
| Acid Value | 1 max KOH/g |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.021 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Vapor Density | 5.31 |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 108 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 3.56 |
| Shelf life | 24 months (or longer if stored properly.) |
| Storage notes | Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| fixed oils | Yes |
| kerosene | Yes |
| paraffin oil | Yes |
| propylene glycol | Yes |
| water, 100 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | Yes |
| glycerin | No |
| Stability | |
| alcoholic lotion | Unspecified |
| antiperspirant | Unspecified |
| deo stick | Unspecified |
| detergent perborate | Unspecified |
| fabric softener | Unspecified |
| hair spray | Unspecified |
| hard surface cleaner | Unspecified |
| non-discoloring in most media | Unspecified |
| shampoo | Unspecified |
| soap | Unspecified |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Floral | |
| sweet, floral, fruity, rose, waxy, citrus, citronella | |
| Odor strength | medium |
| Substantivity | 60 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1981) | At 100.00 %. sweet floral fruity rose waxy citrus |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 6, 41, (1997) | At 2.00 %. Floral, sweet, rosey, fruity and citronella-like with a citrus nuance |
| Flavor Type: Floral | |
| floral, rose, waxy, fruity, peach | |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 6, 41, (1997) | At 3.00 ppm. Floral, rosy, waxy and perfumey with a fruity, peach-like nuance |
| Used in many flavors such as cherry, peach, raspberry, grapefruit, red apple, plum, lime, orange, lemon, watermelon, pineapple and blueberry flavors. | Floral |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
| R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes. R 43 - May cause sensitisation by skin contact. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Skin sensitisation (Category 1), H317 Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 3), H402 | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram |   |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| H315 - Causes skin irritation H317 - May cause an allergic skin reaction H318 - Causes serious eye damage H402 - Harmful to aquatic life | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| P261 - Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P272 - Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 - Avoid release to the environment. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P302 + P352 - IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 - Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P321 - Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on this label). P333 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. | |
| Human Experience: | |
| 6 % solution: no sensitization. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 3600 mg/kg SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: COMA Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964. intramuscular-mouse LD50 4000 mg/kg Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Section C: Biological Sciences. Vol. 21, Pg. 342, 1962. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 881, 1974. subcutaneous-mouse LD50 1090 mg/kg PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE Sapporo Igaku Zasshi. Sapporo Medical Journal. Vol. 3, Pg. 73, 1952. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| IFRA Critical Effect: | |||
| Dermal sensitization | |||
| View the IFRA Standard | |||
| View IFRA Standards Library for complete information. | |||
| Please review Amendment 49 IFRA documentation for complete information. | |||
| IFRA RESTRICTION LIMITS IN THE FINISHED PRODUCT (%): | |||
| Category 1: Products applied to the lips | |||
| 0.85 % | |||
| Category 2: Products applied to the axillae | |||
| 0.25 % | |||
| Category 3: Products applied to the face/body using fingertips | |||
| 5.10 % | |||
| Category 4: Products related to fine fragrance | |||
| 4.70 % | |||
| Category 5: Products applied to the face and body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| Category 5A: Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 1.20 % | |||
| Category 5B: Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 1.20 % | |||
| Category 5C: Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on | |||
| 1.20 % | |||
| Category 5D: Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc | |||
| 1.20 % | |||
| Category 6: Products with oral and lip exposure | |||
| 2.80 % | |||
| Category 7: Products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| Category 7A: Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| 9.60 % | |||
| Category 7B: Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact | |||
| 9.60 % | |||
| Category 8: Products with significant anogenital exposure | |||
| 0.50 % | |||
| Category 9: Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off | |||
| 9.20 % | |||
| Category 10: Household care products with mostly hand contact | |||
| Category 10A: Household care excluding aerosol products (excluding aerosol/spray products) | |||
| 33.00 % | |||
| Category 10B: Household aerosol/spray products | |||
| 33.00 % | |||
| Category 11: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate | |||
| Category 11A: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure | |||
| 18.00 % | |||
| Category 11B: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure | |||
| 18.00 % | |||
| Category 12: Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin | |||
| No Restriction | |||
| Notes: | |||
| IFRA FLAVOR REQUIREMENTS: | |||
Due to the possible ingestion of small amounts of fragrance ingredients from their use in products in Categories 1 and 6, materials must not only comply with IFRA Standards but must also be recognized as safe as a flavoring ingredient as defined by the IOFI Code of Practice (www.iofi.org). For more details see chapter 1 of the Guidance for the use of IFRA Standards. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 550.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 315.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 11.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 2.10000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 0.80000 | 2.90000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | 3.30000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | 3.30000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 2.00000 | 2.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 10.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 202: 3-Alkylated aliphatic acyclic alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and precursors with or without additional double bonds from chemical subgroup 1.1.3 of FGE.19[1] View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 72 (FGE.72): Consideration of aliphatic, branched-chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and related esters evaluated by the JECFA (61st meeting) structurally related to branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids. Esters of these and straight-chain aliphatic saturated alcohols evaluated by EFSA in FGE.05Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 95 (FGE.95): Consideration of aliphatic, linear or branched-chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acids and related esters evaluated by JECFA (69th meeting) structurally related to esters of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and of one secondary alcohol, and branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids evaluated by EFSA in FGE.05Rev1 (2008) View page or View pdf |
| Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance geraniol View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 72, Revision 1 (FGE.72Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic, branched-chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and related esters evaluated by the JECFA (61st meeting) structurally related to branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of these and straight-chain aliphatic saturated alcohols evaluated by EFSA in FGE.05Rev2 View page or View pdf |
| Safety and efficacy of a,ß-unsaturated straight-chain and branched-chain aliphatic primary alcohols, aldehydes, acids and esters belonging to chemical group 3 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 72, Revision 2 (FGE.72Rev2): consideration of aliphatic, branched-chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acids and related esters evaluated by JECFA (61st, 68th and 69th meetings) and structurally related to flavouring substances in FGE.05Rev3 View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| Daily Med:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):106-24-1 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :637566 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| SCCNFP:opinion |
| WGK Germany:1 |
| (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol |
| Chemidplus:0000106241 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
| RTECS:RG5830000 for cas# 106-24-1 |