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1-methyl naphthalene

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name 1-methyl naphthalene
Trivial Name 1-Methylnaphthalene
Short Description 1-methylnaphthalene
Formula C11 H10
CAS Number 90-12-0
FEMA Number 3193
Flavis Number 1.014
ECHA Number 201-966-8
FDA UNII E7SK1Y1311
Nikkaji Number J3.552A
Beilstein Number 0506793
MDL MFCD00004034
COE Number 11009
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1335 1-methylnaphthalene
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 90-12-0 ; 1-METHYLNAPHTHALENE
Synonyms
  • alpha- methyl naphthalene
  • 1-methyl-naphthalene
  • 1-methylnaphtalene
  • 1-methylnaphthalene
  • a- methylnaphthalene
  • naphthalene, 1-methyl-
  • naphthalene, a-methyl-
  • 1-Methylnaphthalene
  • α-Methylnaphthalene
  • NSC 3574
  • Methynaph H
  • Mechinafu H

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

1-methylnaphthalene
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:90-12-0
Pubchem (cid):7002
Pubchem (sid):134970782
Publications by US Patents
3,931,166 - Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines
Flavoring agent
Publications by PubMed
Effects of oil dispersant on solubilization, sorption and desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment-seawater systems.
Enhancement of electro-optical properties of twisted nematic liquid crystals by doping aromatic hydrocarbon liquids.
Chimeric behavior of excited thioxanthone in protic solvents: I. Experiments.
Effects of drying and comminution type on the quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in a homogenised gasworks soil and the implications for human health risk assessment.
Molecular structure, vibrational spectra and (13)C and (1)H NMR spectral analysis of 1-methylnaphthalene by ab initio HF and DFT methods.
Volatile hydrocarbons inhibit methanogenic crude oil degradation.
Characterization of four potential laser-induced fluorescence tracers for diesel engine applications.
Adsorption, mobility, and self-association of naphthalene and 1-methylnaphthalene at the water-vapor interface.
Paramagnetic centers in particulate formed from the oxidative pyrolysis of 1-methylnaphthalene in the presence of Fe(III)2O3 nanoparticles.
Multiscale scattering investigations of asphaltene cluster breakup, nanoaggregate dissociation, and molecular ordering.
Visible photodissociation spectra of the 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene cations: laser spectroscopy and theoretical simulations.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in US and Swedish smokeless tobacco products.
Extraction of fullerenes from environmental matrices as affected by solvent characteristics and analyte concentration.
Fe2O3 nanoparticle mediated molecular growth and soot inception from the oxidative pyrolysis of 1-methylnaphthalene.
Prediction of rate constants for the gas phase reactions of triphenylene with OH and NO3 radicals using a relative rate method in CCl4 liquid phase-system.
Interaction of naphthalene derivatives with lipids in membranes studied by the 1H-nuclear Overhauser effect and molecular dynamics simulation.
In vivo genotoxicity of 1-methylnaphthalene from comprehensive toxicity studies with B6C3F1 gpt delta mice.
Analysis of tolfenpyrad and its metabolites in plasma in a tolfenpyrad poisoning case.
On the density scaling of pVT data and transport properties for molecular and ionic liquids.
Determination of the volatile composition in brown millet, milled millet and millet bran by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Methanogenic biodegradation of two-ringed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
[Laser-induced fluorescence of 1-methylnaphthalene in a supersonic jet expansion].
Ralstonia sp. U2 naphthalene dioxygenase and Comamonas sp. JS765 nitrobenzene dioxygenase show differences in activity towards methylated naphthalenes.
Self-organization of 1-methylnaphthalene on the surface of artificial snow grains: a combined experimental-computational approach.
Weak interactions in the assembly of strongly chemisorbed molecules.
Liquid phase separation of polyaromatics on [Cu2(BDC)2(dabco)].
Secondary organic aerosol from photooxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
First identification of benzo[cd]phenanthro[1,2,3-lm]perylene by high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Measurement of diffusion and thermal diffusion in ternary fluid mixtures using a two-color optical beam deflection technique.
Estimation of the solvent reorganization energy and the absolute energy of solvation of charge-transfer states from their emission spectra.
Influence of solvent, electron acceptors and arenes on photochemical decarboxylation of free carboxylic acids via single electron transfer (SET).
Extension of a charged anisotropic united atoms model to polycyclic aromatic compounds.
Asphaltene adsorption onto self-assembled monolayers of alkyltrichlorosilanes of varying chain length.
Two-terminal molecular memories from solution-deposited C60 films in vertical silicon nanogaps.
Oxidation kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by permanganate.
Solid and liquid charge-transfer complex formation between 1-methylnaphthalene and 1-alkyl-cyanopyridinium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide ionic liquids.
Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor and outdoor atmosphere in the North central part of India.
Effect of the incorporation of nitrogen to a carbon matrix on the selectivity and capacity for adsorption of dibenzothiophenes from model diesel fuel.
Yields of glyoxal and ring-cleavage co-products from the OH radical-initiated reactions of naphthalene and selected alkylnaphthalenes.
Determination of absolute photoionization cross-sections of aromatics and aromatic derivatives.
Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases.
Influence of an intermolecular charge-transfer state on excited-state relaxation dynamics: solvent effect on the methylnaphthalene-oxygen system and its significance for singlet oxygen production.
Associations between immune function in yearling beef cattle and airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and PM1.0 near oil and natural gas field facilities.
Water-in-model oil emulsions studied by small-angle neutron scattering: interfacial film thickness and composition.
Impaired activation of caspase cascade during cell death induced by newly synthesized singlet oxygen generator, 1-buthylnaphthalene-4-propionate endoperoxide.
VOCs and PAHs emissions from creosote-treated wood in a field storage area.
New thermal diffusion coefficient measurements for hydrocarbon binary mixtures: viscosity and composition dependency.
Anisotropic pseudorotation of the photoexcited triplet state of fullerene C60 in molecular glasses studied by pulse EPR.
Equilibrium in-fiber standardization method for determination of sample volume by solid phase microextraction.
Density functional theory investigation of competitive free-radical processes during the thermal cracking of methylated polyaromatics: estimation of kinetic parameters.
Selective adsorption of refractory sulfur species on active carbons and carbon based CoMo catalyst.
Determination of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at an airport by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and evaluation of occupational exposure.
[Comparative evaluation of health hazards associated with industrial chemicals and their derivates forming during water chlorination].
Anaerobic cometabolic transformation of polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: evidence from laboratory and field studies.
Uptake of organic gas phase species by 1-methylnaphthalene.
Wavelength-dependent stereodifferentiation in the fluorescence quenching of asymmetric naphthalene-based dyads by amines.
Multisubstrate biodegradation kinetics for binary and complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Bacterial transformations of naphthothiophenes.
Crystal structures and spectroscopic properties of polycyano-polycadmate host clathrates including a CT complex guest of methylviologen dication and aromatic donor.
Ionic liquid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water.
Reactions of chlorine atoms with a series of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Measurements of molecular and thermal diffusion coefficients in ternary mixtures.
Thermal growth and decomposition of methylnaphthalenes.
An abortive apoptotic pathway induced by singlet oxygen is due to the suppression of caspase activation.
Adsorption isotherms of the fullerenes C60 and C70 on a tetraphenylporphyrin-bonded silica.
Turbulence effects on volatilization rates of liquids and solutes.
Dermal toxicity and microscopic alterations by JP-8 jet fuel components in vivo in rabbit.
Optimization of the peroxy acid treatment of alpha-methylnaphthalene and benzo[a]pyrene in sandy and silty-clay sediments.
Synthesis of a novel intercalator based on 2,2'-binaphthalene bearing dimethylammonium groups.
The cytotoxicity of volatile JP-8 jet fuel components in keratinocytes.
Combined application of stable carbon isotope analysis and specific metabolites determination for assessing in situ degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in a tar oil-contaminated aquifer.
Hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation during anaerobic biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons--a field study.
Estimation of selected physicochemical properties for methylated naphthalene compounds.
The azulene-to-naphthalene rearrangement revisited: a DFT study of intramolecular and radical-promoted mechanisms.
Metabolism of benzyl alcohol via catechol ortho-pathway in methylnaphthalene-degrading Pseudomonas putida CSV86.
Chiroptical properties of acridino-18-crown-6 ligands and their complexes with chiral and achiral protonated primary (aralkyl) amine guest molecules.
Recombinant carbazole-degrading strains for enhanced petroleum processing.
Aerobic co-metabolism of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles by three marine bacterial consortia.
Controlled expansion of a molecular cavity in a steroid host compound.
Marinobacter strain NCE312 has a Pseudomonas-like naphthalene dioxygenase.
A practical and efficient preparation of the releasable naphthosultam side chain of a novel anti-MRSA carbapenem.
Dearomatization of naphthalene: novel stereoselective cyclization reactions promoted by Osmium(II)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fuel-oil contaminated soils, Antarctica.
An aqueous concentration model for riverine spills.
Toxic effects of acute inhalation exposure to 1-methylnaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene in experimental animals.
Disposition and metabolism of 1,2-dimethylnaphthalene in rats.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by a new marine bacterium, Neptunomonas naphthovorans gen. nov., sp. nov.
The formation of 1-hydroxymethylnaphthalene and 6-hydroxymethylquinoline by both oxidative and reductive routes in Cunninghamella elegans.
Bay or baylike regions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were potent inhibitors of Gap junctional intercellular communication.
Analysis of oil components and hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms during laboratory-scale bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil of Kuwait.
Bacterial transformations of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzothiophene and dibenzothiophene.
Transposon and spontaneous deletion mutants of plasmid-borne genes encoding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Transformations of six isomers of dimethylbenzothiophene by three Pseudomonas strains.
Effects of creosote compounds on the aerobic bio-degradation of benzene.
The influence of creosote compounds on the aerobic degradation of toluene.
Induction of Cyp1a-1 and Cyp1a-2 gene expression by a reconstituted mixture of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in B6C3F1 mice.
Competitive metabolism of naphthalene, methylnaphthalenes, and fluorene by phenanthrene-degrading pseudomonads.
Evidence for the involvement of multiple pathways in the biodegradation of 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene by Pseudomonas putida CSV86.
Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of 1-methylnaphthalene in B6C3F1 mice.
Ultrastructural analysis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis induced by methylnaphthalene in mice.
Aerobic microbial cometabolism of benzothiophene and 3-methylbenzothiophene.
Analysis of the cytogenetic effect in human lymphocytes induced by metabolically activated 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene.
[Photometric method for determining methylnaphthalenes in the air].
Identification and quantification of phencyclidine pyrolysis products formed during smoking.
Comparative cytotoxicity of naphthalene and its monomethyl- and mononitro-derivatives in the mouse lung.
Transformation of 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene by Cunninghamella elegans.
Implications of treating water containing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons with chlorine: a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric study.
[Gas-chromatographic determination of naphthalene, methylnaphthalene and chloranphthalene in the air].
Effects of ortho-methyl substituents on the mutagenicity of aminobiphenyls and aminonaphthalenes.
Area repellents for mosquitoes (Diptera: culicidae): identification of the active ingredients in a petroleum oil fraction.
NMR study of 1:1 complexes between divalent sulfur and aromatic compounds: a model for interactions in globular proteins.
Improved (10)B-loaded liquid scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination.
Metabolism of naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, salicylate, and benzoate by Pseudomonas PG: regulation of tangential pathways.

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Metabolomics Database:Search
UM BBD:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C14082
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB32860
FooDB:FDB010838
Export Tariff Code:2902.90.9000
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
mixed isomer grades

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 142.20069885254
Specific gravity @ 20 °C
Pounds per Gallon 8.472 to 8.556
Refractive Index 1.613 to 1.618 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 241 to 245°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.052 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 82.22 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 3.87
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 40.62 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water, 25.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Naphthyl
naphthyl, chemical, medicinal, camphoreous
General comment At 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. naphthyl chemical medicinal camphor
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) Naphthyl-like with a chemical medicinal and camphor-like nuance
Flavor Type: Naphthyl
green, musty, naphthyl, medicinal
General comment Green musty
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) At 1.00 ppm. Naphthyl-like with a medicinal nuance

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Flavoring purposes Cheese, Grape, Meat, Smoke, Strawberry

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn N - Harmful, Dangerous for the environment.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
R 42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
R 51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 07 - Keep container tightly closed.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 1840 mg/kg
Study not available
(Izmerov et al., 1982)

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LDLo 7500 mg/kg
(Izmerov et al., 1982)

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.73 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 0.06 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:90 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: III
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 4
Click here to view publication 4
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: --
beverages(nonalcoholic): -1.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -1.00000
fruit ices: -1.00000
gelatins / puddings: -1.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -1.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing. The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000).
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3
View page or View pdf

Scientific opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 3 (FGE.25Rev3): Aliphatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):90-12-0
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7002
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 3082
WGK Germany:2
1-methylnaphthalene
Chemidplus:0000090120
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:90-12-0