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palmitic acid
General Material Information
| Preferred name | palmitic acid |
| Trivial Name | Palmitic acid |
| Short Description | hexadecanoic acid |
| Formula | C16 H32 O2 |
| CAS Number | 57-10-3 |
| FEMA Number | 2832 |
| Flavis Number | 8.014 |
| ECHA Number | 200-312-9 |
| FDA UNII | 2V16EO95H1 |
| Nikkaji Number | J1.378A |
| Beilstein Number | 0607489 |
| MDL | MFCD00002747 |
| COE Number | 14 |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 115 palmitic acid |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 57-10-3 ; PALMITIC ACID |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| hexadecanoic acid | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 57-10-3 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 985 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134970698 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Golm Metabolome Database: | Search |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| UM BBD: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C00249 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB00220 |
| FooDB: | FDB019621 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB00785 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2915.70.0150 |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| Formulations/Preparations: •grades: technical; 99.8%; fcc •"eutectic" grades are a mixture of 60 percent palmitic acid and 30 percent stearic acid; other grades containing 80, 92, and 97 percent palmitic acid are available. | |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | Yes |
| Molecular weight | 256.42944335938 |
| Melting Point | 61 to 64°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 204 to 220°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 10 mmHg @ 210 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 114.44 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 7.17 |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| chloroform | Yes |
| ether | Yes |
| water, 0.04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Waxy | |
| waxy, fatty, creamy | |
| Odor strength | low |
| Substantivity | 400 hour(s) at 20.00 % in isopropyl palmitate |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1989) | At 100.00 %. slightly waxy fatty |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 26, No. 3, 80, (2001) | At 1.00 %. Low heavy waxy, with a creamy, candle waxy nuance |
| Flavor Type: Waxy | |
| waxy, creamy, fatty, soapy, lard, tallow, dairy | |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 26, No. 3, 80, (2001) | At 50.00 - 100.00 ppm. Waxy, creamy fatty, soapy with a crisco like fatty, lard and tallow like mouth feel and a dairy nuance |
| Dairy type flavors. | Fatty, waxy |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Ambrette oil replacer , Butter , Cream , Croton eluteria bark , Myrrh , Peanut , Vetiver |
| Flavoring purposes | Cheese , Chocolate cocoa , Croton eluteria bark , Dairy , Fat |
| Other purposes | Emollients , Emulsifying agents |
| Cosmetic purposes | Skin conditioning - emollient , Surfactant - emulsifying |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
| R 36 - Irritating to eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 37, Pg. 251, 1976. intravenous-mouse LD50 57 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 18, Pg. 141, 1961. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| thickeners, gelling agents, stabalizers and emulsifiers | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for palmitic acid usage levels up to: | |||
| 1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 3.00000 | 3.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.00100 | 3.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | - | - | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | - | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | 4.00000 | 9.00000 | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 6, Revision 1 (FGE.06Rev1) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 2, Revision 1 (FGE.02) : Branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and related esters of primary alcohols and straight-chain carboxylic acids and one straight-chain aldehyde from chemical groups 1 and 2 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of straight-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing saturated alcohols and acetals containing saturated aldehydes (chemical group 1) when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| Re-evaluation of fatty acids (E 570) as a food additive View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):57-10-3 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :985 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:nwg |
| hexadecanoic acid |
| Chemidplus:0000057103 |
| RTECS:57-10-3 |