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pyridine
General Material Information
| Preferred name | pyridine |
| Trivial Name | Pyridine |
| Short Description | azine |
| Formula | C5 H5 N |
| CAS Number | 110-86-1 |
| FEMA Number | 2966 |
| ECHA Number | 203-809-9 |
| FDA UNII | NH9L3PP67S |
| Nikkaji Number | J2.883E |
| Beilstein Number | 0103233 |
| MDL | MFCD00011732 |
| COE Number | 604 |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 110-86-1 ; PYRIDINE |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| pyridine | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 110-86-1 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 1049 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134974701 |
| Flavornet: | 110-86-1 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C00747 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB00926 |
| FooDB: | FDB014733 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2933.39.9050 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 79.101852416992 |
| Specific gravity | @ 20 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 8.189 to 8.222 |
| Refractive Index | 1.508 to 1.512 @ 20 °C |
| Melting Point | -42 to -41°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 115 to 116°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 43 to 44°C @ 50 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 22.778999 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Vapor Density | 2.72 |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 20 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 0.65 |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | Yes |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Fishy | |
| sour, fishy, ammoniacal | |
| General comment | At 0.01 % in propylene glycol. sickening sour putrid fishy amine |
| Arctander suggests the main uses of pyridine relate to coffee and chocolate, as it forms a key part of the aroma of both. The odour isn’t, in the opinion of this perfumer, as repelent or as powerful as the widely circulated descriptions would suggest. As such we are offering pyridine at 0.01% or 1% please indicate your preferred dilution in the box at checkout prices are the same for each. The former is really quite pleasant to deal with, the latter has a decidedly unpleasant character dominated by the fishy aspect. | Sour, smoky, warm, burnt, coffee, putrid, fishy, amine |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xn - Harmful. | |
| R 11 - Highly flammable. R 20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children. S 07/09 - Keep container tightly closed and in well-ventilated place. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 891 mg/kg SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: COMA BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970 intravenous-rat LD50 360 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973. intraperitoneal-rat LD50 866 mg/kg National Technical Information Service. Vol. PB195-158 oral-mouse LD50 1500 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973. intravenous-mouse LD50 420 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973. intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 950 mg/kg Progress in Biochemical Pharmacology. Vol. 1, Pg. 542, 1965. oral-guinea pig LDLo 4000 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Journal of Physiology. Vol. 17, Pg. 272, 1894. intravenous-dog LD50 880 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 165, 1975. parenteral-frog LDLo 870 mg/kg "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 695, 1948. intraperitoneal-guinea pig LDLo 870 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC Journal of Physiology. Vol. 17, Pg. 272, 1894. oral-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 1500 mg/kg Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 32(10), Pg. 25, 1988. intraperitoneal-rabbit LDLo 15 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) Journal of Infectious Diseases. Vol. 42, Pg. 473, 1928. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-rabbit LD50 1121 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LIVER: OTHER CHANGES BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970 subcutaneous-rat LD50 866 mg/kg Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 185, 1971. subcutaneous-mouse LD50 1250 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973. skin-guinea pig LD50 1000 mg/kg "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 839, 1986. subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 800 mg/kg "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 695, 1948. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| inhalation-rat LC50 28500 mg/m3/1H LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970 inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LC50 10000 mg/m3 Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 32(10), Pg. 25, 1988. | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| natural substances and extractives | |||
| Recommendation for pyridine usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 0.40000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 1.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | 0.02000 | 0.12000 | |
| fruit ices: | 0.02000 | 0.12000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 0.40000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| EPA-Iris:IRIS |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search |
| NIOSH Pocket Guide:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):110-86-1 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :1049 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WISER:UN 1282 |
| WGK Germany:2 |
| pyridine |
| Chemidplus:0000110861 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
| RTECS:110-86-1 |