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trimethyl amine

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name trimethyl amine
Trivial Name Trimethylamine
Short Description trimethylamine
Formula C3 H9 N
CAS Number 75-50-3
FEMA Number 3241
Flavis Number 11.009
ECHA Number 200-875-0
FDA UNII LHH7G8O305
Nikkaji Number J1.457E
Beilstein Number 0956566
MDL MFCD00008327
COE Number 10497
xLogP3-AA 0.30 (est)
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1610 trimethylamine
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 75-50-3 ; TRIMETHYLAMINE
Synonyms
  • N,N- dimethyl methanamine
  • N,N- dimethylmethanamine
  • methanamine, N,N-dimethyl-
  • methylamine, N,N-dimethyl-
  • trimethyl amine 10% in triacetin
  • trimethyl amine synthetic
  • trimethylamine
  • trimethylamine 25% aqueous solution
  • trimethylamine 45% solution in water
  • trimethylamine 50% aqueous solution
  • trimethylamine hcl 43% aqueous sol
  • trimethylamine solution
  • N,N-dimethylmethanamine
  • N-Trimethylamine
  • N,N,N-Trimethylamine
  • TM-CP 350

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Literature & References

N,N-dimethylmethanamine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:75-50-3
Pubchem (cid):1146
Pubchem (sid):134970904
Flavornet:75-50-3
Pherobase:View
Publications by Info
Trimethylamine
aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides derivatives
Publications by Perfumer & Flavorist
Natural Trimethylamine
Publications by PubMed
Dietary Modulation of Gut Microbiota Contributes to Alleviation of Both Genetic and Simple Obesity in Children.
High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome.
Functional food addressing heart health: do we have to target the gut microbiota?
Efficacy of mint (Mentha arvensis) leaf and citrus (Citrus aurantium) peel extracts as natural preservatives for shelf life extension of chill stored Indian mackerel.
Evolution of metabolomics profile of crab paste during fermentation.
Protective effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoids on high TMAO diet-induced vascular dysfunction and liver injury in mice.
Short-term high-fat diet increases postprandial trimethylamine-N-oxide in humans.
The Relationship Between Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in a Multiethnic Population Living in Canada.
Pyridoxine supplementation does not alter in vivo kinetics of one-carbon metabolism but modifies patterns of one-carbon and tryptophan metabolites in vitamin B-6-insufficient oral contraceptive users.
Targeted plasma metabolome response to variations in dietary glycemic load in a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial in healthy adults.
Monitoring the freshness of fish: development of a qPCR method applied to MAP chilled whiting.
Neonatal environment exerts a sustained influence on the development of the intestinal microbiota and metabolic phenotype.
Concomitant osmotic and chaotropicity-induced stresses in Aspergillus wentii: compatible solutes determine the biotic window.
Influence of Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) on quality and refrigerated storage stability of patties prepared from sutchi catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus).
Effects of multiple freezing (-18 ± 2 °C) and microwave thawing cycles on the quality changes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax).
Maternal Choline Status, but Not Fetal Genotype, Influences Cord Plasma Choline Metabolite Concentrations.
Solid polymer substrates and coated fibers containing 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene motifs as smart labels for the visual detection of biogenic amine vapors.
Determination of trimethylamine-N-oxide in combination with l-carnitine and γ-butyrobetaine in human plasma by UPLC/MS/MS.
Kinetics of protein and textural changes in Atlantic salmon under frozen storage.
Spoilage evaluation, shelf-life prediction, and potential spoilage organisms of tropical brackish water shrimp (Penaeus notialis) at different storage temperatures.
Effect of radiation on the nutritional and microbial qualities of salted and sun-dried Sharpfin barracuda (Sphyraena acutipinnis).
Effect of slaughter methods on the quality of Chilean jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) during refrigerated storage.
Fish oil ameliorates trimethylamine N-oxide-exacerbated glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-fed mice.
Oral L-carnitine supplementation increases trimethylamine-N-oxide but reduces markers of vascular injury in hemodialysis patients.
Food, immunity, and the microbiome.
An NMR-based metabolomic approach to investigate the effects of supplementation with glutamic acid in piglets challenged with deoxynivalenol.
Mammalian-microbial cometabolism of L-carnitine in the context of atherosclerosis.
The gut microbiome and the brain.
Metabolomic pattern analysis after mediterranean diet intervention in a nondiabetic population: a 1- and 3-year follow-up in the PREDIMED study.
Risks and benefits of carnitine supplementation in diabetes.
The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease.
Discovery of systematic responses and potential biomarkers induced by ochratoxin A using metabolomics.
Determination of volatile compounds in turbot (Psetta maxima) during refrigerated storage by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
The influence of chronic L-carnitine supplementation on the formation of preneoplastic and atherosclerotic lesions in the colon and aorta of male F344 rats.
Metabolomic analysis of amino acid and fat metabolism in rats with L-tryptophan supplementation.
Alteration of gut bacteria and metabolomes after glucaro-1,4-lactone treatment contributes to the prevention of hypercholesterolemia.
Characterization of important odorants in steamed male Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry.
It takes two to tango: two TatA paralogues and two redox enzyme-specific chaperones are involved in the localization of twin-arginine translocase substrates in Campylobacter jejuni.
Combined subchronic toxicity of dichlorvos with malathion or pirimicarb in mice liver and serum: a metabonomic study.
Dietary trimethylamine N-oxide exacerbates impaired glucose tolerance in mice fed a high fat diet.
Strategy of metabolic phenotype modulation in Portunus trituberculatus exposed to low salinity.
Identification of volatile organic compounds generated from healthy and infected powdered chili using solvent-free solid injection coupled with GC/MS: application to adulteration.
Effects of feeding diets containing increasing proportions of bunt-infected wheat (Tilletia caries) on performance and health of pigs.
Halorubrum halophilum sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt-fermented seafood.
Aerial exposure to the bacterial volatile compound trimethylamine modifies antibiotic resistance of physically separated bacteria by raising culture medium pH.
Thermodynamic analysis of osmolyte effect on thermal stability of ribonuclease A in terms of water activity.
Effects of temperature on microbial succession and metabolite change during saeu-jeot fermentation.
Characteristic analysis for odor gas emitted from food waste anaerobic fermentation in the pretreatment workshop.
Pattern recognition analysis for hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen using plasma and urinary 1H NMR-based metabolomics in humans.
Impact of geographical region on urinary metabolomic and plasma fatty acid profiles in subjects with the metabolic syndrome across Europe: the LIPGENE study.
ESR studies on the thermal decomposition of trimethylamine oxide to formaldehyde and dimethylamine in jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) extract.
Metabolomic analysis of amino acid metabolism in colitic rats supplemented with lactosucrose.
[Biological characteristics of an enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strain with tatABC deletion].
Quality properties, fatty acids, and biogenic amines profile of fresh tilapia stored in ice.
Transient massive trimethylaminuria associated with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.
Metabolomic analysis reveals extended metabolic consequences of marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency in healthy human subjects.
Studies of single-walled carbon nanotubes-induced hepatotoxicity by NMR-based metabonomics of rat blood plasma and liver extracts.
1H-HRMAS NMR study of cold smoked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) treated with E-beam.
Shelf life of air and modified atmosphere-packaged fresh tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets stored under chilled and superchilled conditions.
Quality changes of Atlantic horse mackerel fillets (Trachurus trachurus) packed in a modified atmosphere at different storage temperatures.
Fast classification of meat spoilage markers using nanostructured ZnO thin films and unsupervised feature learning.
Urinary phenotyping indicates weight loss-independent metabolic effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in mice.
Metabolic influence of acute cyadox exposure on Kunming mice.
Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the course of physical and chemical changes in chilled muscle tissue of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, V.).
Characterization of ergothionase from Burkholderia sp. HME13 and its application to enzymatic quantification of ergothioneine.
A multiresidual method based on ion-exchange chromatography with conductivity detection for the determination of biogenic amines in food and beverages.
Effects of tea polyphenol coating combined with ozone water washing on the storage quality of black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus).
Determination of trimethylamine in spinach, cabbage, and lettuce at alkaline pH by headspace solid-phase microextraction.
A peptide receptor-based bioelectronic nose for the real-time determination of seafood quality.
Bacterial succession during curing process of a skate (Dipturus batis) and isolation of novel strains.
Simultaneous determination of four biogenic and three volatile amines in anchovy by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.
Microbial activity inhibition in chilled mackerel (Scomber scombrus) by employment of an organic acid-icing system.
Effects of thermal processing and various chemical substances on formaldehyde and dimethylamine formation in squid Dosidicus gigas.
Change of volatile compounds in fresh fish meat during ice storage.
Control of the potential health hazards of smoked fish by gamma irradiation.
Development and application of quality index method scheme in a shelf-life study of wild and fish farm affected bogue (Boops boops, L.).
Integrated separation process for isolation and purification of biosuccinic acid.
Effect of processing on amine formation and the lipid profile of cod (Gadus morhua) roe.
Microcantilevers modified by specific peptide for selective detection of trimethylamine.
Dynamic metabolic response of mice to acute mequindox exposure.
Use of mass spectrometry fingerprinting to identify urinary metabolites after consumption of specific foods.
1H NMR metabolite fingerprint and pattern recognition of mullet (Mugil cephalus) bottarga.
Desalination of fish sauce by electrodialysis: effect on selected aroma compounds and amino acid compositions.
Alcohol oxidase- and formaldehyde dehydrogenase-based enzymatic methods for formaldehyde assay in fish food products.
Dimethylamine, trimethylamine, and biogenic amine formation in high-pressure processed semidried squid (Todarodes pacificius) during refrigerated storage.
Quality assessment of salted, modified atmosphere packaged rainbow trout under treatment with oregano essential oil.
Sensory characteristics of spoilage and volatile compounds associated with bacteria isolated from cooked and peeled tropical shrimps using SPME-GC-MS analysis.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic studies on urine and serum biochemical profiles after chronic cysteamine supplementation in rats.
Post-mortem changes in farmed spotted Babylon snail (Babylonia areolata) during iced storage.
Effect of food matrix and pH on the volatilization of bases (TVB) in packed north Atlantic gray shrimp (Crangon crangon): volatile bases in MAP fishery products.
Effect of chitosan-based coatings on the shelf life of salmon (Salmo salar).
The osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) increases the proteolytic activity of botulinum neurotoxin light chains A, B, and E: implications for enhancing analytical assay sensitivity.
Quality changes in squid (Loligo duvaucelli) tubes chilled with dry ice and water ice.
Occurrence and role of lactic acid bacteria in seafood products.
Quantitative PCR method for evaluating freshness of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa).
Attraction of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) and endemic and introduced nontarget insects to BioLure bait and its individual components in Hawaii.
Modeling microbial spoilage and quality of gilthead seabream fillets: combined effect of osmotic pretreatment, modified atmosphere packaging, and nisin on shelf life.
Validation of selective ion flow tube mass spectrometry for fast quantification of volatile bases produced on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).
Changes of metabolic profiles in urine after oral administration of quercetin in rats.
Bonitos with low content of malodorous trimethylamine as palliative care for self-reported Japanese trimethylaminuria subjects.
Bacterial composition and succession during storage of North-Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) at superchilled temperatures.
Combined effects of salting, oregano oil and vacuum-packaging on the shelf-life of refrigerated trout fillets.
Characterization of Chinese liquor starter, "Daqu", by flavor type with 1H NMR-based nontargeted analysis.
Gel strengthening effect of wood extract on surimi produced from mackerel stored in ice.
Potential of human saliva for nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics and for health-related biomarker identification.
Export of methyl parathion hydrolase to the periplasm by the twin-arginine translocation pathway in Escherichia coli.
Biopreservation of refrigerated and vacuum-packed Dicentrarchus labrax by lactic acid bacteria.
Effect of gutting on microbial loads, sensory properties, and volatile and biogenic amine contents of European hake (Merluccius merluccius var. mediterraneus) stored in ice.
Alishewanella jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from traditional fermented food, and emended description of the genus Alishewanella.
Simultaneous determination of dimethylamine, trimethylamine and trimethylamine-n-oxide in aquatic products extracts by ion chromatography with non-suppressed conductivity detection.
Dietary Ascophyllum nodosum increases urinary excretion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in male Sprague-dawley rats.
Trimethylamine oxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine and formaldehyde levels in main traded fish species in Hong Kong.
1H NMR metabonomics can differentiate the early atherogenic effect of dairy products in hyperlipidemic hamsters.
Biogenic amines in fish: roles in intoxication, spoilage, and nitrosamine formation--a review.
Off-flavors removal and storage improvement of mackerel viscera by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.
Combined effect of vacuum-packaging and oregano essential oil on the shelf-life of Mediterranean octopus (Octopus vulgaris) from the Aegean Sea stored at 4 degrees C.
The amelioration of olfactory acuity upon sexual maturation might affect food preferences.
Analysis of volatile components in a Chinese fish sauce, Fuzhou Yulu, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Direct detection of trimethylamine in meat food products using ion mobility spectrometry.
Effect of freezing time on the quality of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) during frozen storage.
Effect of controlled lactic acid bacterial fermentation on the microbiological and chemical qualities of Moroccan sardines (Sardina pilchardus).
Potential of oregano essential oil and MAP to extend the shelf life of fresh swordfish: a comparative study with ice storage.
Characterization of fish sauce aroma-impact compounds using GC-MS, SPME-Osme-GCO, and Stevens' power law exponents.
Effect of pyrophosphate and 4-hexylresorcinol pretreatment on quality of refrigerated white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) kept under modified atmosphere packaging.
Effect of packaging atmosphere on the microbial attributes of pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis Bloch) stored at 0-2 degrees C.
Dimethylamine and diet.
Analysis of volatile flavor compounds of sardine (Sardinops melanostica) by solid phase microextraction.
Role of Campylobacter jejuni respiratory oxidases and reductases in host colonization.
(1)H NMR metabolite profiling of feces as a tool to assess the impact of nutrition on the human microbiome.
Quality changes during refrigerated storage of MA-packaged pre-rigor fillets of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) using traditional MAP, CO2 emitter, and vacuum.
Shelf-life of chilled fresh Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius) stored under various packaging conditions: microbiological, biochemical and sensory attributes.
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with coulometric electrochemical and ultraviolet detection for the quantification of vitamins B(1) (thiamine), B(6) (pyridoxamine, pyridoxal and pyridoxine) and B(12) in animal and plant foods.
Changes in the quality of surimi made from thornback ray (Raja clavata, L. 1758) during frozen storage.
DNA induces folding in alpha-synuclein: understanding the mechanism using chaperone property of osmolytes.
Nondestructive quantification of organic compounds in whole milk without pretreatment by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy.
Human breath odors and their use in diagnosis.
Influence of sulfur amino acids on the volatile and nonvolatile components of cooked salmon (Salmo salar).
Chemical, sensory and shelf life evaluation of sliced salmon treated with salts of organic acids.
Susceptibility of human metabolic phenotypes to dietary modulation.
Accurate quantification of dimethylamine (DMA) in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as pentafluorobenzamide derivative: evaluation of the relationship between DMA and its precursor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in health and disease.
Biogenic amine formation and microbial spoilage in chilled garfish (Belone belone belone)--effect of modified atmosphere packaging and previous frozen storage.
Enhancement of polyunsaturated fatty acid production by Tn5 transposon in Shewanella baltica.
Effect of low-dose radiation on microbiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics of chicken meat stored aerobically at 4 degrees C.
The dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) increases both hepatic and extrahepatic ornithine urea cycle enzyme activities for nitrogen conservation after feeding.
A spectrum of molecular variation in a cohort of Italian families with trimethylaminuria: identification of three novel mutations of the FM03 gene.
Purification and characterization of trimethylamine-N-oxide demethylase from jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas).
Accumulation of trimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing haemodialysis.
The influence of storage conditions of tuna viscera before fermentation on the chemical, physical and microbiological changes in fish sauce during fermentation.
Identification of Shewanella baltica as the most important H2S-producing species during iced storage of Danish marine fish.
Multidimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry for the identification and prioritization of malodors from confined animal feeding operations.
Influence of the freshness grade of raw fish on the formation of volatile and biogenic amines during the manufacture and storage of vinegar-marinated anchovies.
Shelf-life extension of refrigerated Mediterranean mullet (Mullus surmuletus) using modified atmosphere packaging.
Bioactive compounds in cod (Gadus morhua) products and suitability of 1H NMR metabolite profiling for classification of the products using multivariate data analyses.
Trimethylamine: metabolic, pharmacokinetic and safety aspects.
Histamine dehydrogenase from Rhizobium sp.: gene cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, characterization and application to histamine determination.
Comparison of volatiles of cultured and wild sea bream (Sparus aurata) during storage in ice by dynamic headspace analysis/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Additive impairment of the barrier function and irritation by biogenic amines and sodium lauryl sulphate: a controlled in vivo tandem irritation study.
Microbiological, biochemical and sensory assessment of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) stored under modified atmosphere packaging.
Capture of Mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in dry traps baited with a food-based attractant and Jackson traps baited with trimedlure during sterile male release in Guatemala.
Freshwater to seawater acclimation of juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas): plasma osmolytes and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in gill, rectal gland, kidney and intestine.
Choline- and betaine-defined diets for use in clinical research and for the management of trimethylaminuria.
Metabonomics, dietary influences and cultural differences: a 1H NMR-based study of urine samples obtained from healthy British and Swedish subjects.
Fractionation of whey proteins with high-capacity superparamagnetic ion-exchangers.
A comparison of the aroma volatiles and fatty acid compositions of grilled beef muscle from Aberdeen Angus and Holstein-Friesian steers fed diets based on silage or concentrates.
The passage of trimethylamine across rat and human skin.
Nucleic acid-based diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and improved management using probiotic lactobacilli.
Efficacy of 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine) in a food-based synthetic attractant for capture of Mediterranean and Mexican fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Quantitative relationship between trimethylamine oxide aldolase activity and formaldehyde accumulation in white muscle from gadiform fish during frozen storage.
Dogmas and controversies in the handling of nitrogenous wastes: the effect of feeding and fasting on the excretion of ammonia, urea and other nitrogenous waste products in rainbow trout.
Tyramine functions as a toxin in honey bee larvae during Varroa-transmitted infection by Melissococcus pluton.
Evaluation of synthetic female attractants against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in sticky coated spheres and McPhail type traps.
Toxicity of model aliphatic amines and their chlorinated forms.
Freshness assessments of Moroccan sardine (Sardina pilchardus): comparison of overall sensory changes to instrumentally determined volatiles.
Partial purification and characterization of trimethylamine-N-oxide demethylase from lizardfish kidney.
Trimethylaminuria (fish odor syndrome) related to the choline concentration of infant formula.
Monitoring volatile and nonvolatile amines in dried and salted roes of tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) during manufacture and storage.
Volatile compounds of headspace gas in the Japanese fish sauce ishiru.
Chemical and sensory changes in Mediterranean hake (Merluccius merluccius) under refrigeration (6-8 degrees C) and stored in ice.
Chitosan as an edible invisible film for quality preservation of herring and atlantic cod.
Amino acid decarboxylase activity and other chemical characteristics as related to freshness loss in iced cod (Gadus morhua).
Volatile N-nitrosamine inhibition after intake Korean green tea and Maesil (Prunus mume SIEB. et ZACC.) extracts with an amine-rich diet in subjects ingesting nitrate.
Deodorizing effects of tea catechins on amines and ammonia.
Sensory, chemical and bacteriological changes during storage of iced squid (Todaropsis eblanae).
Sensory, chemical and bacteriological changes in vacuum-packed pressurised squid mantle (Todaropsis eblanae) stored at 4 degrees C.
Preservation of shelf life of pota and octopus in chilled storage under controlled atmospheres.
Pharmacokinetics of trimethylamine in rats, including the effects of a synthetic diet.
Influence of acetate and CO2 on the TMAO-reduction reaction by Shewanella baltica.
Formation of biogenic amines in bulk-stored chilled hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) packed under atmospheres.
Significance of volatile compounds produced by spoilage bacteria in vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon (Salmo salar) analyzed by GC-MS and multivariate regression.
Research of quality indices for cold-smoked salmon using a stepwise multiple regression of microbiological counts and physico-chemical parameters.
Trimethylamine and total volatile basic nitrogen determination by flow injection/gas diffusion in Mediterranean hake (Merluccius merluccius).
Growth and metabolic activity of Shewanella putrefaciens maintained under different CO2 and O2 concentrations.
Development and characterization of a flavoring agent from oyster cooker effluent.
Salt and smoke simultaneously affect chemical and sensory quality of cold-smoked salmon during 5 degrees C storage predicted using factorial design.
Effects of gamma radiation on sensory qualities, microbiological and chemical properties of salted and fermented squid.
Shelf-life extension of cod fillets with an acetate buffer spray prior to packaging under modified atmospheres.
Denitrobacterium detoxificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a ruminal bacterium that respires on nitrocompounds.
Dietary precursors of trimethylamine in man: a pilot study.
Biogenic amines and sensory changes associated with the microbial flora of Mediterranean gilt-head sea bream (Sparus aurata) stored aerobically at 0, 8, and 15 degrees C.
Rapid determination of volatile bases in fish by using an ammonia ion-selective electrode.
Dimethylamine formation in the rat from various related amine precursors.
Thawed cod fillets spoil less rapidly than unfrozen fillets when stored under modified atmosphere at 2 degrees C.
Study of the microbial ecology of cold-smoked salmon during storage at 8 degrees C.
Evaluation of the role of Carnobacterium piscicola in spoilage of vacuum- and modified-atmosphere-packed cold-smoked salmon stored at 5 degrees C.
Nutrient utilization by sheep and performance and carcass characteristics of steers fed crab waste-straw silage.
The sensitivity of Escherichia coli O157 to some antimicrobials by conventional and conductance assays.
Urinary excretion of 3-methyladenine after consumption of fish containing high levels of dimethylamine.
Halitosis. A common oral problem.
Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the TVB/TMA-producing microflora of cod fillets.
Qualitative and quantitative characterization of spoilage bacteria from packed fish.
Rapeseed meal-glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects. Part 6. Taint in end-products.
Denaturation of fish proteins during frozen storage: role of formaldehyde.
Mechanism of trimethylamine-induced inhibition of macromolecular synthesis by mouse embryos in culture.
Composition, preservation, and use of sea clam viscera as a protein supplement for growing pigs.
ddAVP does not stimulate acute changes in levels of medullary trimethylamines in humans.
Spoilage and shelf-life of cod fillets packed in vacuum or modified atmospheres.
Dimethylamine formation in man.
Selective growth inhibition of the male progeny of mice treated with trimethylamine during pregnancy.
Hepatotoxicity and hepatocarcinogenicity in rats fed squid with or without exogenous nitrite.
Evaluation of the bacteriological quality of seafood.
The exogenous origin of trimethylamine in the mouse.
Inhibition of the electron transport system in Staphylococcus aureus by trimethylamine-N-oxide.
A microbial biosensor for trimethylamine using Pseudomonas aminovorans cells.
In vitro studies on interactions of iron salts and complexes with food-stuffs and medicaments.
Children's sensitivity to odor of trimethylamine.
The bacteriology of fresh and spoiling Lake Victorian Nile perch (Lates niloticus).
Detection of salmonellas in animal feeds by electrical conductance.
Potentiation of ferrous sulphate and ascorbate on the microbial transformation of endogenous trimethylamine N-oxide to trimethylamine and dimethylamine in squid extracts.
Growth and activity of Shewanella putrefaciens isolated from spoiling fish.
Formation of aliphatic amine precursors of N-nitrosodimethylamine after oral administration of choline and choline analogues in the rat.
A conductance medium to distinguish between Salmonella and Citrobacter spp.
[Preparation of a spread from shrimp by-catch fish].
Microbiological quality and shelf life prediction of chilled fish.
Detection of salmonellas in confectionery products by conductance.
A modified conductance medium for the detection of Salmonella spp.
Responses of freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii, to chemical attractants.
Increase in human exposure to methylamine precursors of N-nitrosamines after eating fish.
[Processing and evaluation of fish silage from accompanying fauna of shrimps].
Organic matter mineralization with reduction of ferric iron in anaerobic sediments.
Food-borne amines and amides as potential precursors of endogenous carcinogens.
Thermal conversion of trimethylamine-N-oxide to trimethylamine and dimethylamine in squids.
Rapid and automated detection of salmonella by electrical measurements.
The effect of certain antibiotics on the keeping quality of bolti fish (Tilapia nilotica).
Quantitative gas chromatographic headspace determination of choline in adult and infant formula products.
Isolation from haddock tissue of psychrophilic bacteria with maximum growth temperature below 20 degrees C.
Trimethylamine taint in eggs: the occurrence of the causative metabolic defect in commercial hybrids and pure breeds in relation to shell colour.
Abundance of dimethylamine in seafoods: possible implications in the incidence of human cancer.
Some aspects concerning the causal relation in connection with the development of hydrogensulfide (H2S) in codfish.
Mutagenicity of pyrolysates from guanidine, ureide, secondary amines and polyamines found by the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome test.
[Quality changes in iced shrimps (Pandalus borealis). III. Indole and pH in shrimps caught in the Barents Sea compared with shrimps caught in the Far East (author's transl)].
[Quality changes in iced shrimps (Pandalus borealis). II Changes in the contents of trimethylamine oxide and volatile nitrogen bases during automatic boiling and peeling (author's transl)].
[Quality changes in iced shrimps (Pandalus borealis). I. Changes in the contents of trimethylamine oxide and volatile nitrogen bases and bacteria in raw shrimps after different storage periods compared with organoleptic examinations (author's transl)].
Rapeseed meal and egg taint: the role of sinapine.
Trimethylamine and egg taint.
Microbial nitrosamine formation in palm wine: in vitro N-nitrosation by cell suspensions.
Gas-liquid chromatography of triazine herbicides as heptafluorobutyryl derivatives and some applications to analysis in foods.
Characterization of some fish and shrimp spoiling bacteria.
Rapid determination of butylated hydroxyanisole, tert- butylhydroquinone, and propyl gallate in edible oils by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography.
Protein changes in frozen fish.
Bacterial growth in seafoood on restaurant premises.
[Evolution of the total volatile basis and trimethylamine in fish and their use as an indicator of its quality].
[Protein denaturation in frozen fish].
Trimethylamine oxide reduction by Salmonella.
Formation of dimethylnitrosamine from dimethylamine and trimethylamine at elevated temperatures.
Volatile compounds produced in sterile fish muscle (Sebastes melanops) by Pseudomonas putrefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and an Achromobacter species.
Letter: Egg taints: association with trimethylamine.
Quantitative determination of dimethyl- and trimethylamine in fish protein concentrate.
Quantitative and selective gas chromatographic analysis of dimethyl- and trimethylamine in fish.
Collaborative study of a method for the determination of trimethylamine nitrogen in fish.
Bacteriological and shelf-life characteristics of canned, pasteurized crab cake mix.
BACTERIOLOGY OF SPOILAGE OF FISH MUSCLE. 3. CHARACTERIZATION OF SPOILERS.
BACTERIOLOGY OF SPOILAGE OF FISH MUSCLE. I. STERILE PRESS JUICE AS A SUITABLE EXPERIMENTAL MEDIUM.
Studies on the allergy-like food poisoning associated with putrefaction of marine products. IV. Effect of trimethylamine and trimethylamine oxide added to histamine or saurine upon their own physiological action.

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Formulations/Preparations:
•sold as 25% water solution or as liquified gas. •available commercially as 25% or 40% aqueous solutions. •purity: not less than 98 mol % •grades: anhydrous 99% minimum; aqueous soln 25, 30, 40%.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 59.111728668213
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 5.226 to 5.367
Refractive Index 1.348 to 1.366 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 3 to 4°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 1716.529053 mmHg @ 25 °C
Vapor Density 2.04
Flash Point TCC Value 2.22 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 0.16
Solubility
alcohol Yes
benzene Yes
chloroform Yes
ether Yes
water, 8.90E+05 mg/L @ 30 °C (exp) Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Fishy
fishy, oily, rancid, sweaty, fruity
General comment At 0.01 % in propylene glycol. fishy oily rancid sweaty fruity
Flavor Type: Fishy
fishy
General comment Fishy

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Flavoring purposes Fish , Pork , Seafood , Shellfish

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
C - Corrosive.
R 12 - Extremely flammable.
R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R 34 - Causes burns.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 500 mg/kg
Inhalation Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 41, 1990.

intravenous-rabbit LDLo 160 mg/kg
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 83, Pg. 481, 1920.

intravenous-mouse LD50 90 mg/kg
Medicina et Pharmacologia Experimentalis. Vol. 16, Pg. 529, 1967.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 946 mg/kg
Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 97, Pg. 1117, 1977.

oral-pig LDLo 1000 mg/kg
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL)
Inhalation Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 41, 1990.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-rabbit LD50 800 mg/kg
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 83, Pg. 481, 1920.

subcutaneous-frog LDLo 2000 mg/kg
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES CARDIAC: PULSE RATE BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES
Skandinavisches Archiv fuer Physiologie. Vol. 10, Pg. 201, 1900.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LC50 19000 mg/m3
Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. Vol. 14, Pg. 80, 1975.

inhalation-mouse LC50 19000 mg/m3
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 11(4), Pg. 26, 1967.

inhalation-rat TCLo 3500 ppm/4H
Toxicologist. Vol. 4, Pg. 68, 1984.

Safety in use information

Category:
flavoring agents and adjuvants
Recommendation for trimethyl amine usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 130.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 70.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 4
Click here to view publication 4
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: --
beverages(nonalcoholic): --
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -0.10000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, (FGE.86)[1] - Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives - Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 45 (FGE.45)[1]: One tertiary amine from chemical group 28
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 1 (FGE.86Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance trimethylamine hydrochloride
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of aliphatic and aromatic amines (chemical group 33) when used as flavourings for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 2 (FGE.86Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and arylalkyl amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
NIOSH Pocket Guide:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):75-50-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :1146
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1297
WGK Germany:2
N,N-dimethylmethanamine
Chemidplus:0000075503
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:75-50-3