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    General Material Information
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    Organoleptic Properties
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pyrrolidine

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name pyrrolidine
Trivial Name Pyrrolidine
Short Description tetramethylenimine
Formula C4 H9 N
CAS Number 123-75-1
FEMA Number 3523
Flavis Number 14.064
ECHA Number 204-648-7
FDA UNII LJU5627FYV
Nikkaji Number J2.931I
Beilstein Number 0102395
MDL MFCD00005249
COE Number 10491
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1609 pyrrolidine
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 123-75-1 ; PYRROLIDINE
Synonyms
  • azolan
  • butylenimine
  • 1-aza cyclopentane
  • per hydropyrrole
  • pyrrole, tetrahydro-
  • pyrrolidin
  • pyrrolidine pure
  • tetrahydro pyrrole
  • tetrahydropyrrole
  • tetramethylenimine
  • Azacyclopentane
  • Prolamine
  • Pyrrolidine ring
  • Azolidine
  • Perhydropyrrole
  • NSC 62781
  • 9: PN: WO2017048620 SEQID: 14 claimed sequence

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

pyrrolidine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:123-75-1
Pubchem (cid):31268
Pubchem (sid):134974741
Flavornet:123-75-1
Publications by Info
aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides derivatives
Publications by US Patents
3,992,457 - Flavoring and perfuming ingredients

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB31641
FooDB:FDB008290
Export Tariff Code:2933.99.9700
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
grades: 95% min purity

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 71.12272644043
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 7.048 to 7.098
Refractive Index 1.44 to 1.446 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 87 to 88°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 58.582001 mmHg @ 25 °C
Vapor Density 2.45
Flash Point TCC Value 2.78 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 0.46
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Ammoniacal
ammoniacal, animal, eggy, fishy, shellfish, seaweed
General comment At 0.10 % in propylene glycol. ammoniacal animal egg amine
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 20, No. 2, 37, (1995) Ammonia, fishy, shellfish and seaweed-like
Flavor Type: Ammoniacal
ammoniacal, fishy, seaweed, shellfish
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 20, No. 2, 37, (1995) At 50.00 ppm. Ammonia and fishy amine-like with seaweed and shellfish nuances

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Algae, Animal, Seaweed absolute replacer
Flavoring purposes Egg, Seafood, Shellfish, Prawn

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
T - Toxic.
R 11 - Highly flammable.
R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R 35 - Causes severe burns.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 300 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD VASCULAR: OTHER CHANGES
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 29, 1974.

oral-guinea pig LDLo 250 mg/kg
"Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 104, 1982.

oral-mouse LD50 450 mg/kg
Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. Vol. 103, Pg. 414, 1964.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 420 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 88, Pg. 82, 1946.

oral-rabbit LDLo 250 mg/kg
"Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 104, 1982.

oral-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 250 mg/kg
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 39(4), Pg. 86, 1974.

intravenous-mouse LD50 56 mg/kg
U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. Vol. NX#06769

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-mouse LC50 1300 mg/m3/2H
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT VASCULAR: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 29, 1974.

Safety in use information

Category:
flavoring agents
Recommendation for pyrrolidine usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.12 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 2.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:540 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 10
Click here to view publication 10
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -2.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -0.50000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: -1.50000
cheese: --
chewing gum: -6.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: -3.00000
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -1.00000
fruit ices: -1.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: -0.50000
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, (FGE.86)[1] - Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives - Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 1 (FGE.86Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 2 (FGE.86Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and arylalkyl amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of pyridine and pyrrole derivatives belonging to chemical group 28 when used as flavourings for all animal species
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):123-75-1
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :31268
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1922
WGK Germany:2
pyrrolidine
Chemidplus:0000123751
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:123-75-1