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alpha-phellandrene

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name alpha-phellandrene
Trivial Name alpha-Phellandrene
Short Description p-mentha-1,5-diene
Formula C10 H16
CAS Number 99-83-2
Deleted CAS Number 1330-17-2
FEMA Number 2856
Flavis Number 1.006
ECHA Number 202-792-5
FDA UNII 49JV13XE39
Nikkaji Number J55.716A
Beilstein Number 1280394
MDL MFCD00040419
COE Number 2117
xLogP3-AA 3.20 (est)
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1328 alpha-phellandrene
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 99-83-2 ; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
Synonyms
  • 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-
  • dihydro-p-cymene
  • dihydro-para-cymene
  • alpha- fellandrene
  • p- mentha-1,5-diene
  • para- mentha-1,5-diene
  • menthadiene
  • 1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1,5-cyclohexadiene
  • (-)-2-methyl-5-(1-methyl ethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • (-)-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • 2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,3-diene
  • 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • 2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
  • (-)-a- phellandrene
  • (±)-a- phellandrene
  • a- phellandrene
  • alpha- phellandrene 65% natural
  • phellandrene alpha FCC
  • alpha- phellandrene extra FCC (natural)
  • alpha- phellandrene FCC (natural)
  • alpha- phellandrene natural
  • 4-iso propyl-1-methyl-1,5-cyclohexadiene
  • (-)-5-iso propyl-2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • 5-iso propyl-2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • 5-iso propyl-2-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
  • 1-iso propyl-4-methyl-2,4-cyclohexadiene
  • 2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
  • 1,3-Cyclohexadiene, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-
  • p-Mentha-1,5-diene
  • 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • α-Phellandrene
  • 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene
  • (±)-α-Phellandrene
  • 6-Isopropyl-3-methyl-1,3-Cyclohexadiene
  • Alda-364

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

Leffingwell:Chirality or Article
2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:99-83-2
Pubchem (cid):7460
Pubchem (sid):134972059
Flavornet:99-83-2
Pherobase:View
Publications by PubMed
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents.
Induction of α-Phellandrene on Autophagy in Human Liver Tumor Cells.
Constituents, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils from Trachelospermum jasminoides flowers.
Chemical composition of essential oil from ripe fruit of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and evaluation of its activity against wild strains of hospital origin.
Generation of sub-ppb level vapor phase mixtures of biogenic volatile organic compounds from liquid phase standards and stepwise characterization of their volatilization properties by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Antimicrobial, antioxidative, and insect repellent effects of Artemisia absinthium essential oil.
In vitro interactions of Peucedanum officinale essential oil with antibiotics.
Essential oils from Schinus species of northwest Argentina: Composition and antifungal activity.
Enhanced repellency of binary mixtures of Calophyllum inophyllum nut oil fatty acids or their esters and three terpenoids to Stomoxys calcitrans.
Phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of Anethum graveolens L. essential oil.
GC-MS characterisation and antibacterial activity evaluation of Nigella sativa oil against diverse strains of Salmonella.
Diglycerol-based polyesters: melt polymerization with hydrophobic anhydrides.
Induction of necrosis in human liver tumor cells by α-phellandrene.
α-Phellandrene alters expression of genes associated with DNA damage, cell cycle, and apoptosis in murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities and chemical compositions of volatile oils extracted from Schisandra chinensis Baill. seeds using simultaneous distillation extraction method, and comparison with Soxhlet and microwave-assisted extraction.
Alpha-phellandrene, a natural active monoterpene, influences a murine WEHI-3 leukemia model in vivo by enhancing macrophague phagocytosis and natural killer cell activity.
Alpha-phellandrene-induced DNA damage and affect DNA repair protein expression in WEHI-3 murine leukemia cells in vitro.
Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Angelica archangelica L. (Apiaceae) roots.
Composition and cytotoxic activity of essential oils from Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich, Xylopia parviflora (A. Rich) Benth.) and Monodora myristica (Gaertn) growing in Chad and Cameroon.
Chemical composition of Angelica pancicii essential oil determined by liquid and headspace GC-MS techniques.
Analysis of volatile components extracted from the peels of four different Chinese pomelos using TDS-GC-MS.
Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of essential oils of plants from Burkina Faso.
Antihyperalgesic and antidepressive actions of (R)-(+)-limonene, α-phellandrene, and essential oil from Schinus terebinthifolius fruits in a neuropathic pain model.
The inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by essential oils isolated from leaves and fruits of Schinus areira depending on their chemical compositions.
Ultrafast polyene dynamics: the ring opening of 1,3-cyclohexadiene derivatives.
Constituents of essential oils from the leaves, stem barks and resins of Canarium parvum Leen., and Canarium tramdenanum Dai et Yakovl. (Burseracea) grown in Vietnam.
Cytotoxic activity of essential oils of aerial parts and ripe fruits of Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae).
Assessment of Volatile Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill by HS-SPME-GC-MS Using Different Fibers.
Essential oil composition of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa: chemotypic and seasonal variations.
Alpha-phellandrene promotes immune responses in normal mice through enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and natural killer cell activities.
Chemical variability and antioxidant activity of Limbarda crithmoides L. essential oil from Corsica.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial and toxicological properties of Schinus molle L. essential oils.
Cryotrap/SPME/GC/MS method for profiling of monoterpenes in cheese and their clustering according to geographic origin.
Ultrafast ring-opening reactions: a comparison of alpha-terpinene, alpha-phellandrene, and 7-dehydrocholesterol with 1,3-cyclohexadiene.
Distillation time modifies essential oil yield, composition, and antioxidant capacity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill).
A comparative analysis of essential oils of Goniothalamus macrocalyx Ban., Goniothalamus albiflorus Ban. and Goniothalamus tamirensis Pierre ex Fin. & Gagnep. from Vietnam.
Phytochemical contents and enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Anethum graveolens L. (dill) samples cultivated under organic and conventional agricultural conditions.
Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of aerial parts and ripe fruits of Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae) from Italy.
Larvicidal activities and chemical composition of essential oils from Piper klotzschianum (Kunth) C. DC. (Piperaceae).
Angle-resolved strong-field ionization of polyatomic molecules: more than the orbitals matters.
Chemical compositions and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils from Magnolia grandiflora, Chrysactinia mexicana, and Schinus molle found in northeast Mexico.
[Influence of processing methods on the chemical composition of the essential oil from Aucklandia lappa].
Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Piper officinarum (Piperaceae).
Functional characterization of myrcene hydroxylases from two geographically distinct Ips pini populations.
Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) repellency field tests of essential oils from plants traditionally used in Laos.
Mycotoxicogenic fungal inhibition by innovative cheese cover with aromatic plants.
Biotransformation of (-)-(R)-α-phellandrene: antimicrobial activity of its major metabolite.
Composition and biological activity of essential oils against Metopolophium dirhodum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) cereal crop pest.
Degradation of terpenes and terpenoids from Mediterranean rangelands by mixed rumen bacteria in vitro.
Essential oil composition and acaricidal activity of Schinus terebinthifolius from Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco, Brazil against Tetranychus urticae.
Composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the leaf essential oil of Machilus japonica from Taiwan.
Antinociceptive activity of the monoterpene α-phellandrene in rodents: possible mechanisms of action.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Cupressus atlantica.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity studies on S. erianthum and S. macranthum essential oils.
Essential oils of four Rwandese hepatoprotective herbs: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and antioxidant activities.
Multidimensional enantio gas chromtography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-combustion-isotopic ratio mass spectrometry for the authenticity assessment of lime essential oils (C. aurantifolia Swingle and C. latifolia Tanaka).
Post-irradiation changes of the volatile oil constituents of Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal.
Chemical variability in the essential oil of Cinnamomum tamala L. leaves from India.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Lantana camara var. moritziana.
Activity of Schinus areira (Anacardiaceae) essential oils against the grain storage pest Tribolium castaneum.
Antioxidant properties of Thymus vulgaris oil against aflatoxin-induce oxidative stress in male rats.
Comparative matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy study of 1,3- and 1,4-diene monoterpenes (α-phellandrene and γ-terpinene).
Survey of ex situ fruit and leaf volatiles from several Pistacia cultivars grown in California.
Comparison of volatile constituents, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils of Thymus caucasicus, T. kotschyanus and T. vulgaris.
Chemoprevention by essential oil of turmeric leaves (Curcuma longa L.) on the growth of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production.
Volatile constituents of Senecio pterophorus (African daisy) DC. from South Africa.
Essential oil composition of leaves of Stachys yemenensis obtained by supercritical CO₂.
Major essential oils composition and immunotoxicity activity from leaves of Foeniculum vulgare against Aedes aegypti L.
Chemical composition and anticancer and antioxidant activities of Schinus molle L. and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi berries essential oils.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of Lantana camara, Ageratum houstonianum and Eupatorium adenophorum.
Anethum graveolens: An Indian traditional medicinal herb and spice.
Composition and biological properties of the volatile oil of Artemisia gorgonum Webb.
Improved enantioselective synthesis of (-)-linderol A: hindered rotation about aryl-Csp(3) bond.
Influence of growth phase and geographic origin on the essential oil composition of Pituranthos chloranthus from Tunisia.
The role of specific tomato volatiles in tomato-whitefly interaction.
Monoterpenes in the glandular trichomes of tomato are synthesized from a neryl diphosphate precursor rather than geranyl diphosphate.
Constituents of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Moringa oleifera Lam., Heliotropium indicum L. and Bidens pilosa L. from Nigeria.
[Study on chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Acanthopanax brachypus].
HIV-1-inhibiting activity of the essential oil of Ridolfia segetum and Oenanthe crocata.
What makes Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) oviposit on aphid infested tomato plants?
Antinociceptive effect and GC/MS analysis of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil from its aerial parts.
Disappearance of nine monoterpenes exposed in vitro to the rumen microflora of dairy goats: effects of inoculum source, redox potential, and vancomycin.
Synthesis and chemistry of 2,3-dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-5,6-diols.
Selectivity in the electron transfer catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction of (R)-alpha-phellandrene and 4-methoxystyrene.
Chemical composition of essential oil and headspace-solid microextracts from fruits of Myrica gale L. and antifungal activity.
Comparison of a novel distillation method versus a traditional distillation method in a model gin system using liquid/liquid extraction.
Simple chiral diene ligands provide high enantioselectivities in transition-metal-catalyzed conjugate addition reactions.
Variability of the needle essential oils of Pinus peuce from different populations in Montenegro and Serbia.
Tunisian Salvia officinalis L. and Schinus molle L. essential oils: their chemical compositions and their preservative effects against Salmonella inoculated in minced beef meat.
Comparison of chemical composition of the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves and fruits from different regions of Hatay, Turkey.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil from Artemisia feddei.
Hypolipidemic activity of Anethum graveolens in rats.
Nematicidal and Propagation Activities of Thyme Red and White Oil Compounds toward Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae).
Natural compounds of Palestine flora. Comparison analysis by static headspace and steam distillation GC-MS of semivolatile secondary metabolites from leaves of cultivated Palestinian Majorana syriaca.
Cloning and functional characterization of three terpene synthases from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia).
Toxicity of Myristica fagrans seed compounds against Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).
The effect of the volatile oil from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale), its fractions and isolated compounds on the 5-HT3 receptor complex and the serotoninergic system of the rat ileum.
Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical CO2 extract of Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris.
Analysis of aromatic and terpenic constituents of pepper extracts by capillary electrochromatography.
Comparative essential oil composition and antifungal effect of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum) fruit oils obtained during different vegetation.
Broad activation of the glomerular layer enhances subsequent olfactory responses.
Composition of the volatile fraction of Ocotea bofo Kunth (Lauraceae) calyces by GC-MS and NMR fingerprinting and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
Conjugated dienes as prohaptens in contact allergy: in vivo and in vitro studies of structure-activity relationships, sensitizing capacity, and metabolic activation.
Constituents and biological activities of Schinus polygamus.
Changes in terpene content in milk from pasture-fed cows.
Evaluation of extracts and oils of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) repellent plants from Sweden and Guinea-Bissau.
Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Diplotaenia damavandica.
Analysis of the essential oil from aerial parts of Eupatorium cannabinum subsp. corsicum (L.) by gas chromatography with electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
A chemical investigation by headspace SPME and GC-MS of volatile and semi-volatile terpenes in various olibanum samples.
Chemical composition and anticancer activity of leaf essential oil of Myrica gale L.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study of the essential oils of Schinus longifolia (Lindl.) speg., Schinus fasciculata (Griseb.) I. M. Johnst., and Schinus areira L.
Volatile components from mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars.
Aroma evaluation of an aquatic herb, Changpo (Acorus calamus Var. angustatus Bess), by AEDA and SPME.
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the essential oil of Haplophyllum tuberculatum from Oman.
Rapid determination of volatile compounds emitted from Chimonanthus praecox flowers by HS-SPME-GC-MS.
Essential oil composition of aerial parts of Angelica glauca growing wild in North-West Himalaya (India).
Volatiles associated with preferred and nonpreferred hosts of the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana.
Analysis of volatile secondary metabolites from Colombian Xylopia aromatica (Lamarck) by different extraction and headspace methods and gas chromatography.
Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Pimpinella junoniae Ceb. & Ort., gathered in La Gomera, Canary Islands, Spain.
Chiral recognition ability of alpha-cyclodextrin with regard to some monoterpenoids under gas-liquid chromatographic conditions.
Air pollutants effect on monoterpenes composition and foliar chemical parameters in Schinus areira L.
Volatile emissions of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis, and the influence of hemlock woolly adelgid.
Aroma compound analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense essential oils from Cameroon using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and olfactometry.
Wet effluent diffusion denuder technique and the determination of volatile organic compounds in air. II. Monoterpenes.
Isotope ratio by HRGC-MS of citrus Junos tanaka (yuzu) essential oils: m/z 137/136 of terpene hydrocarbons.
Age and space distributions of monoterpenes in fresh needles of Picea abies (L) Karst. Determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Dynamic deadspace-gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of different anatomical parts of lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch.) at eight growing stages.
Characterization of some Italian types of wild fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.).
Intraspecific chemical variability of the leaf essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata from Corsica.
Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the bark oil of Croton stellulifer, an endemic species from S. Tomé e Príncipe.
Inter-population differences in the essential oils of Pinus caribaea needles.
Biotransformation of gamma-terpinene and (-)-alpha-phellandrene by the larvae of common cutworm (Spodoptera litura).
Geranic acid formation, an initial reaction of anaerobic monoterpene metabolism in denitrifying Alcaligenes defragrans.
Volatile components of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of Echinacea species.
Grapefruit gland oil composition is affected by wax application, storage temperature, and storage time.
The essential oil of Senecio graveolens (Compositae): chemical composition and antimicrobial activity tests.
Degradation products of monoterpenes are the sensitizing agents in tea tree oil.
Alcaligenes defragrans sp. nov., description of four strains isolated on alkenoic monoterpenes ((+)-menthene, alpha-pinene, 2-carene, and alpha-phellandrene) and nitrate.
Microbial degradation of monoterpenes in the absence of molecular oxygen.
Caribbean fruit fly,Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), attraction to host fruit and host kairomones.
Melaleuca oil (tea tree oil) dermatitis.
Volatile Constituents of Dracocephalum nutans.
Changes in the Essential Oil Components during the Development of Fennel Plants from Somatic Embryoids.
[Monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and dimeric phellandrenes from manila-elemi].
Microbial transformations of some monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids.
Volatile constituents of Plectranthus rugosus leaf oil.
GLC-mass spectrometry of Teucrium polium oil.

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C09875
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB35850
FooDB:FDB014630
Export Tariff Code:2902.19.1000
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex Yes
Molecular weight 136.23751831055
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 6.948 to 7.198
Refractive Index 1.471 to 1.477 @ 20 °C
Optical Rotation -80 to -120
Boiling Point 175 to 176°C @ 760 mm Hg
Boiling Point 93 to 94°C @ 50 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 1.856 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 47.22 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 4.408 est
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 2.862 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No
Stability
alcoholic fine fragrance Good
antiperspirant Good
fabric softener Good
liquid detergent Good
soap Good
toiletry application Good
perborate powder detergent Fair
hypochlorite bleach Poor

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Terpenic
citrus, herbal, terpenic, green, woody, pepper black pepper
Odor strength medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less
Substantivity 4 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Luebke, William tgsc, (1985) At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. citrus herbal terpene green woody peppery
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 2, 49, (1991) Citrus, terpenic, slightly green, black pepper-like
Flavor Type: Terpenic
terpenic, citrus, lime, fresh, green
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 2, 49, (1991) At 20.00 ppm. Terpenic, citrus lime with a fresh green note

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 10 - Flammable.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes.
R 43 - May cause sensitisation by skin contact.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Human Experience:
4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] > 5700 mg/kg
Submitted study is on dermal toxicity.
(Moreno, 1972k)

oral-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 1.87 ml/kg
Substance mixed with acacia. 6 animals per dose group
(Brownlee, 1940)

oral-rat LD50 5700 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 16, Pg. 843, 1978.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for alpha-phellandrene usage levels up to:
8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 79.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 410.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -41.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -10.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -28.00000
fruit ices: -28.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -130.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (chemical group 31) when used as flavourings for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):99-83-2
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7460
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 2319
WGK Germany:3
2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
Chemidplus:0000099832
RTECS:OS8080000 for cas# 99-83-2