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phenethyl alcohol
General Material Information
| Preferred name | phenethyl alcohol |
| Trivial Name | 2-Phenylethanol |
| Short Description | 2-phenylethanol |
| Formula | C8 H10 O |
| CAS Number | 60-12-8 |
| Deleted CAS Number | 2043361-12-0 |
| FEMA Number | 2858 |
| Flavis Number | 2.019 |
| ECHA Number | 200-456-2 |
| FDA UNII | ML9LGA7468 |
| Nikkaji Number | J1.924K |
| Beilstein Number | 1905732 |
| MDL | MFCD00002886 |
| COE Number | 68 |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 987 phenethyl alcohol |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 60-12-8 ; PHENETHYL ALCOHOL |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| 2-phenylethanol | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 60-12-8 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 6054 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134972772 |
| Flavornet: | 60-12-8 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Golm Metabolome Database: | Search |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C05853 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB33944 |
| FooDB: | FDB012152 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB01072 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2901.29.5000 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | Yes |
| Molecular weight | 122.16690063477 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 8.446 to 8.512 |
| Specific gravity | @ 20 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 8.464 to 8.531 |
| Refractive Index | 1.53 to 1.534 @ 20 °C |
| Melting Point | -27 to -25.8°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 219 to 221°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 136 to 137°C @ 50 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.0868 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Vapor Density | 4.21 |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 102 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 1.36 |
| Shelf life | 24 months (or longer if stored properly.) |
| Storage notes | Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| dipropylene glycol | Yes |
| fixed oils | Yes |
| kerosene | Yes |
| mineral oil, slightly | Yes |
| propylene glycol | Yes |
| water, 2.199e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water, 2.22E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | Yes |
| paraffin oil | No |
| Stability | |
| alcoholic lotion | Unspecified |
| antiperspirant | Unspecified |
| bleach | Unspecified |
| deo stick | Unspecified |
| detergent perborate | Unspecified |
| fabric softener | Unspecified |
| hair spray | Unspecified |
| hard surface cleaner | Unspecified |
| liquid detergent | Unspecified |
| non-discoloring in most media | Unspecified |
| shampoo | Unspecified |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Floral | |
| floral, rose, rose dried rose, sweet, fresh, bready, honey | |
| Odor strength | medium |
| Substantivity | 32 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1981) | At 100.00 %. floral rose dried rose flower rose water |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 4, 51, (1993) | Sweet, floral, fresh and bready with a rosey honey nuance |
| Flavor Type: Floral | |
| floral, sweet, rose, bready | |
| Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 4, 51, (1993) | At 20.00 ppm. Floral, sweet, rosey and bready |
| General comment | Honey, fruity, sweet, floral |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xn - Harmful. | |
| R 21/22 - Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319 | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram |  |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| H302 - Harmful if swallowed H319 - Causes serious eye irritation | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P270 - Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 + P312 - IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P330 - Rinse mouth. P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. | |
| Human Experience: | |
| 100 %: no skin irritation. 8 % solution: non-sensitising. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-mouse LD50 800 - 1500 mg/kg (Fassett, 1963) oral-guinea pig LD50 400 - 800 mg/kg (Fassett, 1963) oral-rat LD50 1800 mg/kg (Rumyantsev et al., 1987) oral-rat LD50 [sex: M] 1900 mg/kg 2 Test substance administered as 5% musk ambrette in phenethyl alcohol. (Moreno, 1982e) gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 1790 mg/kg (Jenner et al., 1964) oral-rat LD50 2234 mg/kg 1 Value based on specific gravity = 1.02. (Zeller & Hoffmann, 1974) oral-rat LD50 [sex: M] 2100 mg/kg 3 Test substance administered as 20% musk ambrette in phenethyl alcohol. (Moreno, 1982f) gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 2540 mg/kg (Zaitsev & Rakhmanina, 1974) gavage-mouse LD50 [sex: M,F] 2540 mg/kg (Zaitsev & Rakhmanina, 1974) gavage-guinea pig LD50 [sex: M,F] 2540 mg/kg (Zaitsev & Rakhmanina, 1974) gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 1609 mg/kg (Mallory et al., 1982a) oral-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 2509 mg/kg 1 Value based on specific gravity = 1.02. (Carpenter et al., 1974) gavage-rat LD50 [sex: F] 3100 mg/kg 4 Test substance administered as beta-phenethyl alcohol. (Grote & Woods, 1955) intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50 200 mg/kg "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2n rev. ed. in 1985.Vol. 2C, Pg. 4642, 1982. oral-guinea pig LD50 2540 mg/kg Voprosy Pitaniya. Problems of Nutrition. Vol. 33(5), Pg. 48, 1974. oral-mouse LD50 2540 mg/kg Voprosy Pitaniya. Problems of Nutrition. Vol. 33(5), Pg. 48, 1974. oral-rabbit LDLo 2000 mg/kg Journal of Economic Entomology. Vol. 48, Pg. 139, 1955. oral-rat LD50 1790 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: GASTRITIS BEHAVIORAL: COMA Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-guinea pig LD50 > 5 ml/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964. subcutaneous-mouse LDLo 1640 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: COMA BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 14, Pg. 211, 1920. skin-rabbit LD50 790 uL/kg Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 28, Pg. 313, 1974. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| inhalation-rat LC50 > 500 mg/m3 BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BLOOD: NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 52(10), Pg. 83, 1987. | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for phenethyl alcohol usage levels up to: | |||
| 40.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 1200.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 330.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 27.00000 | 33.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 13.00000 | 18.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 250.00000 | 250.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 25.00000 | 80.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | 0.05000 | 0.10000 | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | 19.00000 | 23.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 6.00000 | 10.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | 2.00000 | 12.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | 26.00000 | 30.00000 | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to: Flavouring Group Evaluation 14 (FGE.14): Phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, esters, and related phenylacetic acid esters from chemical group 15 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 55 (FGE.55): Consideration of phenyl-substituted aliphatic alcohols and related aldehydes and esters evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, esters and related phenylacetic acid esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.14 (2005) and aryl-substituted saturated and unsaturated primary alcohol/aldehyde/acid/ester derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.15 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 53 (FGE.53): Consideration of phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, acid and related acetals and esters evaluated by JECFA (59th meeting) structurally related to phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, esters and related phenylacetic acid esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.14 (2005) and one phenoxyethyl ester evaluated in FGE.23 (2006) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 14, Revision 1 (FGE.14Rev1): Phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, acetals, carboxylic acid and related esters from chemical group 15 and 22 [1] - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 53, Revision 1 (FGE.53Rev1): Consideration of phenethyl alcohol, aldehyde, acid and related acetals and esters evaluated by JECFA (59th meeting) FGE.23Rev1 (2008) View page or View pdf |
| Safety of 31 flavouring compounds belonging to different chemical groups when used as feed additives for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):60-12-8 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :6054 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WISER:UN 2810 |
| WGK Germany:1 |
| 2-phenylethanol |
| Chemidplus:0000060128 |
| RTECS:60-12-8 |