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beta-bisabolol
beta-Bisabolol is a sesquiterpene alcohol with a citrus-floral scent, utilized in flavor and fragrance formulations as a natural aromatic and fixer.
General Material Description
beta-Bisabolol, chemically identified as (1S)-1-((1S)-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol, is a sesquiterpene alcohol widely recognized in flavor and fragrance applications. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid and exhibits a distinctive citrus and floral aroma with fresh, sweet, and herbal notes. This compound is synonymous with several chemical names, including its trivial name β-Bisabolol. Classified under the [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/27208) controlled vocabulary, beta-Bisabolol is typically sourced as a natural constituent of various essential oils obtained from plants such as chamomile and other botanicals. Its extraction and utilization reflect its importance as a natural aromatic ingredient in sensory product formulations.
Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses
beta-Bisabolol naturally occurs in trace to moderate amounts in several essential oils like ayou wood oil (8.30%), guava leaf oil from Cuba (3.20%), and sandalwood oil from East Indian sources (0.64%). It is identified in many others including bergamot, lavender spike, lemongrass, and black pepper oils. Its broad presence across plant oils highlights its relevance as an aromatic compound. beta-Bisabolol serves primarily as a flavor and fragrance agent, employed for imparting delicate citrus, lemon, grapefruit, and ginger-like odor notes. It also functions effectively as a fixative, enhancing the longevity and stability of perfumes and flavors. Usage recommendations by IFRA (Global) include up to 4.0% concentration in fragrance concentrates and up to 30 ppm in flavored finished products, conditioning its practical application in line with safety standards.
Physico-Chemical Properties Summary
With the molecular formula C15H26O and a molecular weight of approximately 222.37 g/mol, beta-Bisabolol exhibits a specific gravity near 0.92 at 25°C, indicating moderate density relative to water. Its boiling point ranges narrowly from 305°C to 307°C at atmospheric pressure, reflecting thermal stability suited for various processing conditions. The compound has an estimated logP (octanol-water partition coefficient) value of 4.64, suggesting significant lipophilicity which influences its solubility profile and affinity in formulations. It is soluble in alcohol and has low water solubility, consistent with its hydrophobic nature. The flash point measured by the tag closed cup method is approximately 130°C (267°F), indicating moderate flammability. These physicochemical attributes inform its handling, compatibility, and performance in flavor and fragrance formulations.
FAQ
What is beta-Bisabolol and what are its main characteristics?
beta-Bisabolol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene alcohol known for its distinctive citrus and floral aroma with sweet and herbal undertones. It is used primarily in flavor and fragrance formulations. Chemically, it has the formula C15H26O and appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid. It occurs in trace to moderate amounts in various essential oils such as ayou wood oil, guava leaf oil, and sandalwood oil.
Where is beta-Bisabolol found and how is it used in products?
beta-Bisabolol is present in multiple botanical essential oils across a diverse range of plants, including bergamot, lavender spike, lemongrass, and black pepper oils. Its applications include serving as an aromatic ingredient that imparts citrus and ginger-like odors, and as a fixer that enhances fragrance and flavor stability. The compound’s solubility in alcohol but limited solubility in water affects its incorporation into different product matrices.
What safety regulations and sourcing considerations apply to beta-Bisabolol?
Safety assessments for beta-Bisabolol include evaluations by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA), which recommends maximum usage levels of 4.0% in fragrance concentrates and 30 ppm in flavored finished products. It is classified with no significant hazard statements under OSHA (US) standards. Beta-Bisabolol is typically sourced from natural botanical extracts, and regulatory registrations such as CAS number 15352-77-9 and FDA UNII LP618AV2EA aid in its identification and compliance documentation.
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| 4-methyl-1-(6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-en-1-ol | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 27208 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134993116 |
| Flavornet: | 15352-77-9 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB36111 |
| FooDB: | FDB014957 |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
General Material Information
| Preferred name | beta-bisabolol |
| Trivial Name | β-Bisabolol |
| Short Description | (1S)-1-((1S)-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol |
| Formula | C15 H26 O |
| CAS Number | 15352-77-9 |
| FDA UNII | LP618AV2EA |
| Nikkaji Number | J37.989A |
| xLogP3-AA | 4.00 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| Synonyms |
|
Suppliers
| BOC Sciences |
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 222.37141418457 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | |
| Boiling Point | 305 to 307°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 130.56 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 4.639 est |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 1.688 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Citrus | |
| citrus, floral, tart, lemon, fresh, sweet, herbal | |
| General comment | At 100.00 %. citrus floral tangy lemon fresh sweet herbal |
| Flavor Type: Citrus | |
| citrus, lemon, grapefruit | |
| General comment | Citrus lemon grapefruit |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Ginger , Grapefruit , Lemon , Lime , Orange |
| Other purposes | Fixer |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for beta-bisabolol usage levels up to: | |||
| 4.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Recommendation for beta-bisabolol flavor usage levels up to: | |||
| 30.0000 ppm in the finished product. | |||
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :27208 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| 4-methyl-1-(6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-en-1-ol |
| Chemidplus:0015352779 |