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sandal butenol
Sandal butenol is a fragrance ingredient notable for its woody, creamy sandalwood-like odor and strong substantivity used primarily in perfumery as a natural sandalwood core material.
General Material Description
Sandal butenol is a synthetic fragrance compound with the IUPAC name 2-Methyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol. It appears as a clear liquid exhibiting a characteristic woody, creamy, milky, and sandalwood-like odor profile. Common synonyms include santalinol, santaliff (IFF), sandal core, and hindinol (Takasago). Classified as an alcohol, this material contributes a natural and fresh sandalwood note in fragrance formulations. Its molecular formula is C13H22O, and further structural details can be found in the PubChem database. Derived primarily via synthetic routes to augment or replace natural sandalwood extracts, sandal butenol offers enhanced substantivity and odor tenacity in perfumery applications.
Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses
Although sandal butenol does not occur naturally in sandalwood, it is widely used as a synthetic sandalwood core material in fragrance compositions. It enhances accords by providing a creamy, woody character with high substantivity, lasting approximately 400 hours at pure concentration. Under the FEMA (US) standard, it is recognized as a fragrance agent suitable for various product types including perfumes, soaps, and household products. Its use level is generally restricted to no more than 5% in fragrance concentrates to achieve fixative properties and increase the natural character of sandalwood accords. The compound’s odor profile supports combinations with floral, woody, spicy, and oriental notes, making it valuable in complex fragrance blends.
Physico-Chemical Properties Summary
Sandal butenol is an organic compound with a molecular weight of approximately 194.32 g/mol and a molecular formula of C13H22O. It is a liquid under ambient conditions with moderate volatility, exhibiting a boiling point range of 120 to 125°C at 4 mm Hg pressure. Its estimated vapor pressure at 25°C is low (0.001 mmHg), contributing to its long-lasting odor substantivity. The compound has moderate lipophilicity, with estimated logP values around 3.1 to 4.65, indicating good solubility in alcohol and limited water solubility (approximately 16.29 mg/L at 25°C). Its flash point is approximately 201°F (about 94°C), supporting safe handling under typical storage conditions when kept in cool, dry, and tightly sealed containers away from light and heat. The substance demonstrates stability across common cosmetic and cleaning product pH ranges (2–11) and formulations, including shampoos, soaps, and detergents.
FAQ
What is sandal butenol and what are its primary characteristics?
Sandal butenol is a synthetic fragrance ingredient known for its woody, creamy, and milky sandalwood-like odor. It functions as a sandalwood core material in perfumery, contributing long-lasting and natural-smelling notes to fragrance formulations. Presenting a molecular formula of C13H22O, it blends well with other natural and synthetic aromatic compounds to enhance the character and substantivity of sandalwood accords.
How is sandal butenol commonly used and where does it apply?
This compound is extensively employed in fragrance and cosmetic products as a perfuming agent and a fixative to improve scent longevity. It is suitable for use in various types of products such as perfumes, soaps, shampoos, detergents, and fabric softeners. The material imparts a creamy woody character consistent with natural sandalwood and can be used at concentrations up to 5% in fragrance concentrates. Its odor profile can complement floral, oriental, woody, and spicy notes, making it versatile in complex scent blends.
What safety guidelines and regulations apply to sandal butenol?
Sandal butenol is classified as an irritant under European regulations, with hazard statements indicating irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Safety measures include using suitable protective clothing and avoiding direct contact, especially with eyes. According to the IFRA (Global) Code of Practice, usage levels are recommended to remain at or below 5% in fragrance concentrates to ensure safety. Toxicological data suggest low acute toxicity, with no sensitization observed at 5%. Proper storage includes cool, dry conditions, sealed containers protected from heat and light.
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2906.19.020 |
| ChemSpider: | View |
General Material Information
| Preferred name | sandal butenol |
| Trivial Name | 2-Methyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol |
| Short Description | santaliff (IFF) |
| Formula | C13 H22 O |
| CAS Number | 28219-60-5 |
| ECHA Number | 248-907-2 |
| FDA UNII | Search |
| Nikkaji Number | J42.311D |
| xLogP3-AA | 3.10 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| Synonyms |
|
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 194.31753540039 |
| Boiling Point | 120 to 125°C @ 4 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.001 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 93.89 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 4.65 |
| Shelf life | 24 months (or longer if stored properly.) |
| Storage notes | Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 16.29 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
| Stability | |
| alcoholic lotion | Unspecified |
| antiperspirant | Unspecified |
| deo stick | Unspecified |
| detergent | Unspecified |
| fabric softener | Unspecified |
| hard surface cleaner | Unspecified |
| ph from 2 - 11 | Unspecified |
| shampoo | Unspecified |
| soap | Unspecified |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Woody | |
| sandalwood, creamy, woody, milky, waxy, greasy, musk | |
| Odor strength | medium |
| Substantivity | 400 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Luebke, William tgsc, (1991) | At 100.00 %. sandalwood creamy woody milky waxy greasy musk |
| General comment | Sandalwood, woody, milky, creamy. To give increased substantivity andsandalwood character to fragrances |
| Widely used in all product types. Gives a more natural and fresh character. | Sandal, mysol, core, santalinol |
| Sharing a CAS number and basic molecular formula with Santaliff it is superficially the same thing and they are listed by some as synonyms, however Hindinol is the laevo form, while most others on the market are racemic. Excellent to support the natural or as part of a sandalwood accord, though I don’t recommend using it alone. Where this material really comes into its own is as a fixative 0.5-5% of the concentrate will give effective fixation to most blends. From Takasago “Widely used in all product types. Gives a more natural and fresh character.” Arcadi Boix Camps is enthusiastic about it: writing in 2009 he dedicated two full pages to this material, describing it as “revolutionary“. This is how he introduced the topic: “This is again, and I am not exaggerating, is one of the best sandalwood chemicals, as captivating as it is extraordinary and extremely new. Most sandalwood chemicals lack a natural top note and we perfumers need to create it; however when using Hindinol, the natural top note appears and this top note is a dream come true.” | Sandalwood, woody, milky, creamy |
Potential Uses
Safety Information
Safety information
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
| R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Human Experience: | |
| no sensitization at 5.0% | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-rabbit LD50 > 2000 mg/kg | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for sandal butenol usage levels up to: | |||
| 5.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Recommendation for sandal butenol flavor usage levels up to: | |||
| not for flavor use. | |||
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):28219-60-5 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :6438195 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:2 |
| (E)-2-methyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-1-cyclopent-3-enyl)but-2-en-1-ol |
| Chemidplus:0028219605 |