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butyrophenone

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name butyrophenone
Trivial Name Butyrophenone
Short Description 1-phenylbutan-1-one
Formula C10 H12 O
CAS Number 495-40-9
Flavis Number 7.193
ECHA Number 207-799-7
FDA UNII 186I11WB5B
Nikkaji Number J43.576G
Beilstein Number 0508305
MDL MFCD00009397
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
Synonyms
  • butanoyl benzene
  • N- butyrophenone
  • 3-methylpropiophenone
  • 1-phenyl butan-1-one
  • phenyl n-propyl ketone
  • phenyl propyl ketone
  • 1-phenyl-1-butanone
  • 1-phenyl-butan-1-one
  • 1-phenylbutan-1-one
  • propyl phenyl ketone
  • 1-phenylbutan-1-one
  • 1-Butanone, 1-phenyl-
  • 1-Phenyl-1-butanone
  • n-Butyrophenone
  • 1-Benzoylpropane
  • Butanophenone
  • n-Propyl phenyl ketone
  • NSC 8463

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Literature & References

1-phenylbutan-1-one
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:495-40-9
Pubchem (cid):10315
Pubchem (sid):134977014
Publications by Info
Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
Publications by PubMed
Hypervalent iodine-promoted α-fluorination of acetophenone derivatives with a triethylamine·HF complex.
Pipamperone augmentation of clozapine and sodium valproate in refractory schizophrenia: a case report.
Evaluation of intravenous lipid emulsion on haloperidol-induced hypotension in rabbits.
Essential structural features of novel antischizophrenic drugs: a review.
Transfer hydrogenation of ketones catalyzed by surface-active ruthenium and rhodium complexes in water.
Very high pressure liquid chromatography using fully porous particles: quantitative analysis of fast gradient separations without post-run times.
Pharmacovigilance in hospice/palliative care: net effect of haloperidol for delirium.
Multicomponent LC-MS/MS screening method for detection of new psychoactive drugs, legal highs, in urine-experience from the Swedish population.
Norrish Type I surface photochemistry for butyrophenone on TiO2(110).
Angioneurotic edema associated with haloperidol.
Accidental haloperidol poisoning in children.
[Determination of four n-butyrophenone compounds contained in rhubarb using RP-HPLC].
Interactions of cocaine with dopamine D₂-like antagonists in squirrel monkeys.
Detection of buphedrone in biological and non-biological material--two case reports.
Regioselective hydration of alkynes by ironIII Lewis/Brønsted catalysis.
Butyrophenone on O-TiO2(110): one-dimensional motion in a weakly confined potential well.
The effects of H-bonding and sterics on the photoreactivity of a trimethyl butyrophenone derivative.
Multi-receptor drug design: Haloperidol as a scaffold for the design and synthesis of atypical antipsychotic agents.
Role of haloperidol in palliative medicine: an update.
[Loss of visual acuity after treatment with pipamperone].
Synergistic drug combinations for tuberculosis therapy identified by a novel high-throughput screen.
Photochemistry of 2-diphenylmethoxyacetophenone. Direct detection of a long-lived enol from a Norrish Type II photoreaction.
Haloperidol disrupts opioid-antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence.
Are butyrophenones effective for the treatment of primary headache in the emergency department?
Evidence of Haldol (haloperidol) long-term intoxication.
An extraction technique for analytical sample preparation in aqueous solution based on controlling dispersion of ionic surfactant assemblies in isotachophoretic migration.
A noncompetitive small molecule inhibitor of estrogen-regulated gene expression and breast cancer cell growth that enhances proteasome-dependent degradation of estrogen receptor {alpha}.
Droperidol for treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients.
The subtype-specific effects of droperidol on action potential duration in cellular and computational models of long QT syndrome.
Effect of alkyl substituents on photorelease from butyrophenone derivatives.
Antagonist-D2S-dopamine receptor interactions in intact recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells [corrected].
MDMA-evoked changes in the binding of dopamine D(2) receptor ligands in striatum of rats with unilateral serotonin depletion.
[Pharmaco-therapeutic evaluation of medical treatments of adult autistics and multi-handicapped patients in a public mental health unit].
Melperone, an aytpical antipsychotic drug with clozapine-like effect on plasma prolactin: contrast with typical neuroleptics.
Automated on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with HPLC/MS/MS for the determination of butyrophenone derivatives in human plasma.
The consolidation of neuroleptic therapy: Janssen, the discovery of haloperidol and its introduction into clinical practice.
Identification of a butyrophenone analog as a potential atypical antipsychotic agent: 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one.
Antagonist-radioligand binding to D2L-receptors in intact cells.
Forty years of antipsychotic Drug research--from haloperidol to paliperidone--with Dr. Paul Janssen.
Comparative evaluation of hERG potassium channel blockade by antipsychotics.
A prototypical Sigma-1 receptor antagonist protects against brain ischemia.
Rational design, synthesis and evaluation of (6aR( *),11bS( *))-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-{7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]1,2,3,4,6,6a,7,11b,12,12a(RS)-decahydropyrazino[2',1':6,1]pyrido[3,4-b]indol-2-yl}-butan-1-one as a potential neuroleptic agent.
Synthesis and binding affinity of new pyrazole and isoxazole derivatives as potential atypical antipsychotics.
Haloperidol is as effective as ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Inhibition of carbonyl reductase activity in pig heart by alkyl phenyl ketones.
Effects of haloperidol and its pyridinium metabolite on plasma membrane permeability and fluidity in the rat brain.
Methyl chloroacetate as an extraction solvent for coupling liquid-liquid semimicroextraction with micellar electrokinetic chromatography through on-capillary decomposition for the separation of neutral compounds with concentration enhancement.
Differential effects of antipsychotic drugs on serotonin-1A receptor-mediated disruption of prepulse inhibition.
Haloperidol induces neurotoxicity by the NMDA receptor downstream signaling pathway, alternative from glutamate excitotoxicity.
Systematic review of antipsychotics for the treatment of hospital-associated delirium in medically or surgically ill patients.
Atypical antipsychotic drugs directly impair insulin action in adipocytes: effects on glucose transport, lipogenesis, and antilipolysis.
QF2004B, a potential antipsychotic butyrophenone derivative with similar pharmacological properties to clozapine.
[Haloperidol and its side effects on the reproductive system].
Successful treatment of six patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with myoglobulinemic acute renal failure.
The haloperidol story.
Haloperidol: an alternative butyrophenone for nausea and vomiting prophylaxis in anesthesia.
An efficient synthesis of aryloxyphenyl cyclopropyl methanones: a new class of anti-mycobacterial agents.
Simultaneous analysis of haloperidol, its three metabolites and two other butyrophenone-type neuroleptics by high performance liquid chromatography with dual ultraviolet detection.
Benperidol for schizophrenia.
Safety of haloperidol and penfluridol in pregnancy: a multicenter, prospective, controlled study.
Factors related to prescription dosage in Japanese psychiatric hospitals.
[Butyrophenone derivatives].
Multiresidue method for the detection of tranquillisers, xylazine, and a beta-blocker in animal production by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Haloperidol: towards further understanding of the structural contributions of its pharmacophoric elements at D2-like receptors.
Droperidol for acute psychosis.
A review of drugs and techniques used for sedation and anaesthesia in captive rhinoceros species.
MDMA-evoked changes in [11C]raclopride and [11C]NMSP binding in living pig brain.
Antipsychotics and the risk of sudden cardiac death.
Rhodium-catalyzed addition/ring-opening reaction of arylboronic acids with cyclobutanones.
[Injection anesthesia administered in the mid-anesthesia period after ether induction in laboratory rats].
Development of a rapid screening test for veterinary sedatives and the beta-blocker carazolol in porcine kidney by ELISA.
The evolving management of migraine.
Droperidol, QT prolongation, and sudden death: what is the evidence?
Melperone is an inhibitor of the CYP2D6 catalyzed O-demethylation of venlafaxine.
Novel, highly potent, selective 5-HT2A/D2 receptor antagonists as potential atypical antipsychotics.
Metabolism and excretion of centbutindole (neuroleptic) in rats after oral administration.
Functional cooperation between neurosteroids and D2 dopamine antagonists on KCl-evoked [3H]noradrenaline release: modulation by calcium channel blockers.
The effect of melperone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, on cognitive function in schizophrenia.
A hybrid microdevice for electrophoresis and electrochromatography using UV detection.
Relations of clinical features, subgroups and medication to serum monoamines in schizophrenia.
Antipsychotics: impact on prolactin levels.
Comparative efficacy of centbutindole & risperidone in schizophrenia.
Antipsychotic and antidepressant drug use in the elderly and the risk of venous thromboembolism.
Platelet serotonin transporter in schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic treatment.
Benperidol for schizophrenia.
Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics.
Dopamine receptors in the brains of schizophrenia patients: a meta-analysis of the findings.
Effect of hyperprolactinemia induced by pituitary grafts or castration on porphyrin content of the mouse Harderian gland.
Droperidol for acute psychosis.
Use of olanzapine in non-psychotic psychiatric disorders.
Suspected induction of a pyoderma gangrenosum-like eruption due to sulpiride treatment.
[Effective treatment of depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms by olanzapine combination therapy].
Phenothiazine, butyrophenone, and other psychotropic medication poisonings in children and adolescents.
Platelet 5-HT(2A) receptors in schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic treatment.
Densitometric determination of impurities in pharmaceuticals. Part VI. Determination of 4,4-bis[4-(p-chlorophenyl)- 4-hydroxypiperidino]butyrophenone in haloperidol.
Ring-hydrogen participation in the keto--enol isomerization of the acetophenone radical cation
Serum iron and ferritin in acute neuroleptic akathisia.
Antipsychotic agents and QT changes.
Butyrophenone analogues in the carbazole series as potential atypical antipsychotics: synthesis and determination of affinities at D(2), 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2B) and 5-HT(2C) receptors.
Droperidol lengthens cardiac repolarization due to block of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current.
[Butyrophenone derivatives].
[Leukopenia associated with butyrophenones. A successful treatment of psychoses with pulsed administration of neuroleptics].
[The characteristics of the development of cataleptic phenomena during the action of a new Ukrainian neuroleptic--a butyrophenone derivative--in experiments on mice].
Conformationally constrained butyrophenones with mixed dopaminergic (D(2)) and serotoninergic (5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2C)) affinities: synthesis, pharmacology, 3D-QSAR, and molecular modeling of (aminoalkyl)benzo- and -thienocycloalkanones as putative atypical antipsychotics.
Zinc modulates antagonist interactions with D2-like dopamine receptors through distinct molecular mechanisms.
[The discovery of haloperidol].
A crystallographic and molecular modeling study of butyrophenones.
Modification of sexual behavior of Long-Evans male rats by drugs acting on the 5-HT1A receptor.
Butyrophenone analogues in the carbazole series: synthesis and determination of affinities at D2 and 5-HT2A receptors.
Quantification of the antipsychotics flupentixol and haloperidol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
Carbonyl reduction of timiperone in human liver cytosol.
Postexcitatory inhibition after transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in patients with drug-induced parkinsonism and in healthy individuals.
Carbamazepine in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Methamphetamine toxicity: treatment with a benzodiazepine versus a butyrophenone.
The incorporation of butyrophenones and related compounds into a pharmacophore for dopamine D2 antagonists.
Opioid-induced rigidity after intravenous fentanyl.
Conduction disturbances associated with administration of butyrophenone antipsychotics in the critically ill: a review of the literature.
[Risperidone after clozapine in therapy refractory schizoaffective psychosis--a case report].
Delirium in the elderly.
Liquid chromatographic-thermospray tandem mass spectrometric quantitative analysis of some drugs with hypnotic, sedative and tranquillising properties in whole blood.
Reversed phase liquid chromatography of organic hydrocarbons with water as the mobile phase.
Delirium. Advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.
Critical reevaluation of spiperone and benzamide binding to dopamine D2 receptors: evidence for identical binding sites.
Synthesis and affinities for dopamine (D2) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT2A) receptors of 1-(benzoylpropyl)-4-(1-oxocycloalkyl-2-ethyl)-piperazines as cyclic butyrophenone derivatives.
Risperidone appears safe in patients with antipsychotic-induced blood dyscrasias.
Chlorpromazine stimulatory effect on iron uptake by rat brain synaptosomes.
Droperidol inhibits tracheal contraction induced by serotonin, histamine or carbachol in guinea pigs.
Effect of haloperidol on phospholipid biosynthesis in rat brain.
Haloperidol and its tetrahydropyridine derivative (HPTP) are metabolized to potentially neurotoxic pyridinium species in the baboon.
The use of ondansetron in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning.
Effects of haloperidol and chlorpromazine on smooth muscle contractility, platelet aggregation and neuronal calcium current.
Characterization of non-adrenergic [3H]clonidine binding sites in rat stomach: high affinity of imidazolines, guanidines and sigma ligands.
PET imaging studies of dopamine D2 receptors: comparison of [18F]N-methylspiperone and the benzamide analogues [18F]MABN and [18F]MBP in baboon brain.
Quantitative liquid chromatographic thermospray-tandem mass spectrometric analysis of some analgesics and tranquilizers of the methadone, butyrophenone, or diphenylbutylpiperidine groups in whole blood.
Remoxipride shows low propensity to block functional striatal dopamine D2 receptors in vitro.
Pharmacokinetics of the three radioiodinated dopamine D2 receptor ligands [123I]IBF, [123I]epidepride and [123I]2'-ISP in nonhuman primates.
Excretion of psychoactive drugs into breast milk. Pharmacokinetic principles and recommendations.
The neuroleptics as adjuvant analgesics.
Synthesis and atypical antipsychotic profile of some 2-(2-piperidinoethyl)benzocycloalkanones as analogues of butyrophenone.
A randomized double-blinded comparison of the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron and droperidol in patients receiving high-dose interleukin-2.
Identification of rat faecal metabolites of ebastine by B/E linked scanning liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Melperon premedication for cataract surgery. A comparison with diazepam.
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of [14C]ebastine after repeated oral administration in rats.
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of [14C]ebastine after a single administration in rats.
[No inhibition of intestinal motility following ketamine-midazolam anesthesia. A comparison of anesthesia with enflurane and fentanyl/midazolam].
Clozapine treatment after agranulocytosis induced by classic neuroleptics.
N-(p-azido-3-[125I]iodophenethyl)spiperone binds to specific regions of P-glycoprotein and another multidrug binding protein, spiperophilin, in human neuroblastoma cells.
Pharmacotherapy of delusional depression: experience with combinations of antidepressants with the neuroleptics zotepine and haloperidol.
Plasma levels of benperidol, prolactin, and homovanillic acid after intravenous versus two different kinds of oral application of the neuroleptic in schizophrenic patients.
Metabolism of phenothiazine and butyrophenone antipsychotic drugs. A review of some recent research findings and clinical implications.
Detection of a neurotoxic quaternary pyridinium metabolite in the liver of haloperidol-treated rats.
Stability of some phenolic antioxidants in fatty preparations.
Artifacts in the analysis of thioridazine and other neuroleptics.
[Lactones. 24. "Gamma-lactonized" neuroleptics--synthesis, stereochemistry and affinity at the D2 receptor].
High-dose droperidol protects against experimental coronary thrombosis in dogs and pigs and attenuates aggregation of porcine platelets and Ca2+ mobilization in human platelets.
Effect of drugs acting on the central nervous system on the lethality in mice of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin.
A study of the early signs of drug induced parkinsonism.
Phase I trial of dihydrolenperone in lung cancer patients: a novel compound with in vitro activity against lung cancer.
Management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome--a series of eight cases.
Effect of quinidine on the interconversion kinetics between haloperidol and reduced haloperidol in humans: implications for the involvement of cytochrome P450IID6.
[Translation and application of the Simpson and Angus Scale of Extrapyramidal Symptoms].
In vivo 19F nuclear magnetic resonance of a monofluorinated neuroleptic in the rat.
Opioid and non-opioid effects of novel butyrophenone analogues.
Systematic toxicological analysis of drugs and their metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
[Differential neuroleptic treatment of schizophrenic psychoses in puerperium: advantages of the atypical neuroleptic clozapine].
In vivo electrophysiological evidence for a selective modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced neuronal activation in rat CA3 dorsal hippocampus by sigma ligands.
A study of clinical response to different kinds of neuroleptics in first time medicated schizophrenics.
[Effects of dopamine on the coronary vessels of swine].
Analysis and identification of azaperone and its metabolites in humans.
Differences between antipsychotic drugs in persistence of brain levels and behavioral effects.
Acute colitis associated with prolonged administration of neuroleptics.
Neuroleptic-induced changes in the anxiolytic and myorelaxant properties of diazepam in the rat.
Three cases of respiratory dyskinesia.
Conversion of bromperidol to reduced bromperidol in human liver.
[30 years experience with haloperidol].
Factors associated with slow progression in Huntington's disease.
Synthesis and antidopaminergic activity of some 3-(aminomethyl)tetralones as analogues of butyrophenone.
Haloperidol on rat phrenic hemidiaphragm.
The acute effects of central- and peripheral-acting dopamine antagonists on plasma HVA in schizophrenic patients.
Dose-dependent effects of fentanyl on indomethacin-induced gastric damage.
Common stereospecificity of opioid and dopamine systems for N-butyrophenone prodine-like compounds.
Pharmacological characterization of sigma binding sites in guinea pig brain membranes.
Beta-phenylethylamine (PEA): an endogenous anxiogen? Three series of experimental data.
Structure-based design of nonpeptide inhibitors specific for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease.
Redistribution of cardiac output caused by opening of arteriovenous anastomoses by a combination of azaperone and metomidate.
The inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase by some antipsychotic drugs.
Autoradiographic localization of receptor sites of 3H-spiroperidol in the CNS of rat.
Extrapyramidal symptoms in neuroleptic recipients.
Dopamine and its agonists reduce a light-sensitive pool of cyclic AMP in mouse photoreceptors.
Melperone: electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic activity in humans.
Electron impact mass spectrometry of substituted 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-4-ones.
Two cases of agranulocytosis on addition of a butyrophenone to a long-standing course of phenothiazine treatment.
Some new prazosin-like derivatives.
Effect of lenperone hydrochloride on gastroesophageal sphincter pressure in healthy dogs.
Can the supersensitivity of rodents to dopamine be regarded as a model of tardive dyskinesia?
Liquid chromatographic method for determination of azinphos-methyl in formulated products: collaborative study.
Quantitative radioimmunocytochemical evidence that haloperidol and SCH 23390 induce opposite changes in substance P levels of rat substantia nigra.
Autoradiographic localization of opioid and spirodecanone receptors in the gerbil hippocampus as compared with the rat hippocampus.
[Antiemetic effect of timiperone and methylprednisolone in cisplatin-induced emesis].
[The effect of psychotropic substances on the deamination of monoamines in the rat brain].
Monoclonal antibodies with high affinity for spiroperidol.
Antibodies against haloperidol specific to the butyrophenone moiety.
Priapism and neuroleptics: a case report.
Structural determinants of sigma receptor affinity.
Haloperidol-succinylglycyl[125I]iodotyrosine, a novel iodinated ligand for dopamine D2 receptors.
Calmodulin antagonists inhibit the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
Neuroleptic effects on platelet aggregation: a study in normal volunteers and schizophrenics.
2-Phenylpyrroles as conformationally restricted benzamide analogues. A new class of potential antipsychotics. 1.
In vitro evaluation of radioiodinated butyrophenones as radiotracer for dopamine receptor study.
Combined analgesic/neuroleptic activity in N-butyrophenone prodine-like compounds.
[3H]spiroxatrine labels a serotonin1A-like site in the rat hippocampus.
2-substituted tetralin derivatives as conformationally restricted butyrophenone analogs.
[The use of pharmacological preparations for the study of calmodulin interaction with enzymes].
Population response of midbrain dopaminergic neurons to neuroleptics: further studies on time course and nondopaminergic neuronal influences.
Haloperidol decanoate. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in psychosis.
Mutagenic and leukemogenic activity of haloperidol: a negative study.
Evidence for dopaminergic binding sites in the human adrenal cortex.
Improved delineation of human dopamine receptors using [18F]-N-methylspiroperidol and PET.
A partially rigid butyrophenone analog with extended conformation.
Influence of neuroleptics on the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants--in vitro experiments with rat liver microsomes.
High doses of metoclopramide or droperidol in the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis.
Neuroleptics from the 4a,9b-cis- and 4a,9b-trans-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole series. 2.
New alkylating agents: butyrophenone derivatives.
Violent and self-injurious behaviour in mentally handicapped patients--psychopharmacological control.
Haloperidol binding to monoclonal antibodies: conformational analysis and relationships to D-2 receptor binding.
Phenothiazine and butyrophenone intoxication in children.
Dopaminergic binding and inhibitory effect in the bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa.
Antidepressants and protein kinases: inhibition of Ca2+-regulated myosin phosphorylation by fluoxetine and iprindole.
Positron emission tomographic study of D2 dopamine receptor binding and CSF biogenic amine metabolites in Rett syndrome.
Syntheses and D2 receptor affinities of derivatives of spiperone containing aliphatic halogens.
Prospective randomized double-blind trial of nabilone versus domperidone in the treatment of cytotoxic-induced emesis.
Evaluation of 75Br-labelled butyrophenone neuroleptics for imaging cerebral dopaminergic receptor areas using positron emission tomography.
Preparation and characterization of antisera and monoclonal antibodies to haloperidol.
Synthesis of N-methyl and N-11C-methyl spiperone by phase transfer catalysis in anhydrous solvent.
[Chronic treatment of schizophrenia with injectable bromperidol decanoate].
[Effect of neurotropic drugs on calmodulin and troponin C-dependent processes].
Sensitive analysis of butyrophenone neuroleptics by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm.
Research and clinical potential of receptor based radiopharmaceuticals.
Lipids and apolipoproteins in patients treated with major tranquilizers.
Computer imaging and analysis of dopamine (D2) and serotonin (S2) binding sites in rat basal ganglia or neocortex labeled by [3H]spiroperidol.
Striatal synaptosomal dopamine synthesis: evidence against direct regulation by an autoreceptor mechanism.
Comparison of three 18F-labeled butyrophenone neuroleptic drugs in the baboon using positron emission tomography.
Effect of the cerebral tryptaminergic system on the turnover of dopamine in the striatum of the rat.
Halopemide, a new psychotropic agent. Cerebral distribution and receptor interactions.
Rapid formation of reduced haloperidol in guinea pigs following haloperidol administration.
Syntheses and specific activity determinations of no-carrier-added (NCA) F-18-labeled butyrophenone neuroleptics--benperidol, haloperidol, spiroperidol, and pipamperone.
Radioiodinated 1-substituted-4-phenylpiperazines as potential brain imaging agents.
A comparison of the clinical effects of bromperidol, a new butyrophenone derivative, and haloperidol on schizophrenia using a double-blind technique.
Intermittent treatment with droperidol, a short-acting neuroleptic, increases behavioral dopamine receptor sensitivity.
A study of the anti-ulcer activity of diazepam and other tranquillosedatives in albino rats.
[Action of etmozin and ethacizin on dopaminergic adenylate cyclase of the striate system of the brain].
Carrier-added and no-carrier-added syntheses of [18F]spiroperidol and [18F]haloperidol.
Droperidol vs. haloperidol in the initial management of acutely agitated patients.
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor in rabbit aorta: characterization by butyrophenone analogs.
Sulpiride: assessment of a pharmacologically and chemically distinct neuroleptic.
Polymorphism of butyrophenones related to haloperidol.
Interactions of agonists with D-2 dopamine receptors: evidence for a single receptor population existing in multiple agonist affinity-states in rat striatal membranes.
Behavioural correlates to the dopamine D-1 and D-2 antagonists.
[Blood prolactin level of breast and endometrial cancer patients during surgical intervention].
Differential effects of haloperidol and clozapine on attention.
[Possibilities for detecting low dosage and highly active drugs in the butyrophenone and diphenylbutylpiperidine series].
Dopaminergic D-3 binding sites are not presynaptic autoreceptors.
An unusual schizophrenic illness responsive to pyridoxine HCl (B6) subsequent to phenothiazine and butyrophenone toxicities.
Antischizophrenic drugs of the diphenylbutylpiperidine type act as calcium channel antagonists.
Effects of a series of substituted benzamides on rat prolactin secretion and 3H-spiperone binding to bovine anterior pituitary membranes.
Protein binding of timiperone, 4'-fluoro-4-[4-(2-thioxo-1-benzimidazolinyl)piperidino]butyrophenone, a neuroleptic.
[Autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 14C-labeled timiperone, a new butyrophenone antipsychotic, in the rat and monkey].
Desipramine hydroxylation: variability and effect of antipsychotic drugs.
[3H]dopamine binds to D-1 and D-2 receptors in rat striatum.
Evidence for multiple receptors mediating fluid secretion in salivary glands of ticks.
Screening procedure for detecting butyrophenone and bisfluorophenyl neuroleptics in urine using a computerized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique.
Comparison of efficacy of timiperone, a new butyrophenone derivative, and clocapramine in schizophrenia: a multiclinic double-blind study.
A comparison of the clinical effects of timiperone, a new butyrophenone derivative, and haloperidol on schizophrenia using a double-blind technique.
Relationship between plasma concentration and arousal in normal subjects after single oral and parenteral doses of melperone, a butyrophenone neuroleptic.
[3H]dopamine labeling of D3 dopaminergic sites in human, rat, and calf brain.
Liquid chromatographic assay of phenothiazine, thioxanthene and butyrophenone neuroleptics and antihistamines in blood and plasma with conventional and radial compression columns and UV and electrochemical detection.
Plasma levels and cardiac electrophysiological effects of melperone in the dog.
Effects of clozapine in a selective muscarinic bioassay and on single cells of the rat hippocampus.
Investigation of the butyrophenone tranquilizer azaperone and its main metabolites with the Salmonella/microsome test.
A study of anxiolytic property of 'CIBA-GO3315 A', a new butyrophenone.
Differential enhancement of behavioral sensitivity to apomorphine following chronic treatment of rats with (-)-sulpiride and haloperidol.
Behavioral pharmacologic studies in the monkey with DD-3480.
Heat treatment mimics guanosine-5'-triphosphate effects on dopaminergic 3H-ligand binding to bovine caudate membranes.
Differential actions on rabbit nodal, atrial, Purkinje cell and ventricular potentials of melperone, a bradycardic agent delaying repolarization: effects of hypoxia.
Abnormal EEG activities induced by psychotropic drugs.
Clinical symptomatology, CSF neurotransmitter metabolites, and serum haloperidol levels in Tourette syndrome.
Synthesis of new haloperidol analogues and characterization of their interactions with alpha-adrenoceptors in rat parotid slices and human platelet membranes.
Bromperidol, a new butyrophenone neuroleptic: a review.
Phenoxybenzamine treatment differentiates dopaminergic 3H-ligand binding sites in bovine caudate membranes.
Comparison of efficacy of a new butyrophenone derivative, timiperone and perphenazine in schizophrenia by a multicentre controlled study.
The use of haloperidol as a long-acting neuroleptic in game capture operations.
A comparison of the effects of neuroleptics on phencyclidine-induced behaviors in the rat.
Disposition of timiperone, 4'-fluoro-4-[4-(2-thioxo-1-benzimidazolinyl)piperidino]butyrophenone, a neuroleptic, in the rat on repeated oral dosage.
[Effect of phenothiazine and butyrophenone derivatives on the development of toxic brain edema].
Disposition and metabolism of timiperone in the rat, dog, and monkey.
Tissue distribution studies of [18F]haloperidol, [18F]-beta-(4-fluorobenzoyl)propionic acid, and [82Br]bromperidol by external scintigraphy.
Potentiation by spiperone and other butyrophenones of fluid secretion by isolated salivary glands of ixodid ticks.
[Pathogenetic treatment of various hereditary extrapyramidal disorders with new drugs].
[Influence of butyrophenone-derivates on the increased renal blood flow by dopamine in dogs (author's transl)].
Electrochemical behaviour of some neuroleptics: Haloperidol and its derivatives.
N-substituted alpha-aminoalkylacrylophenones and some related compounds: a new class of spermicidal agents.
Kainate lesion dissociates striatal dopamine receptor radioligand binding sites.
Electrophysiological effects of melperone in the dog heart in situ - a new antiarrhythmic drug.
Dopaminergic mechanisms in the teleost retina. I. Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in homogenates of carp retina; effects of agonists, antagonists, and ergots.
Discrimination of multiple [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine binding sites by the neuroleptic spiperone in rat brain.
Evidence for a D1 dopamine receptor in the salivary glands of Amblyomma americanum (L.).
Aging and haloperidol-induced dopamine turnover in the nigro-striatal pathway of C57BL/6J mice.
Plasma dopamine beta hydroxylase activity in chronic schizophrenic patients tested with single dose of 2-bromo-alpha ergocriptine (Parlodel).
Platelet shape change in patients with psychiatric disorders and treated with phenothiazines, thioxanthines, butyrophenones, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants and beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
Pharmacological studies on timiperone, a new neuroleptic drug Part II: General pharmacological properties.
Tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenic outpatients: prevalence and significant variables.
Increased serum prolactin levels during phenothiazine and butyrophenone treatment of six postpartum women.
Prolactin releasing potencies of antipsychotic and related nonantipsychotic compounds in female rats: relation to clinical potencies.
Determination of haloperidol in human serum by radioimmunoassay.
Prolonged dystonic reaction to chlorpromazine in myxoedema coma.
The effect of typical and atypical neuroleptics on binding of [3H]spiroperidol in calf caudate.
Antiarrhythmic properties of a neuroleptic butyrophenone, melperone, in acute myocardial infarction. A double-blind trial.
Effects of butyrophenone and phenothiazine derivatives on the caudate spindle.
Apomorphine-induced stereotypic cage climbing in mice as a model for studying changes in dopamine receptor sensitivity.
[The neuroleptic efficiency of some butyrophenone and fluorinated phenothiazine derivatives (author's transl)].
Electrocardiographic changes in rats during chronic treatment with antidepressant and neuroleptic drugs.
Effect of centrally active drugs on dopamine oxidation by rat brain catecholamine oxidase.
Effect of timiperone on 3H-spiroperidol binding to rat striatal dopamine receptors.
Dynamic cation-exchange systems for the separation of drugs derived from butyrophenone and diphenylpiperidine by high-performance liquid chromatography and applied in the determination of halopemide in plasma.
The influence of cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine on catalepsy induced by brain-amine depleting neuroleptics or by cholinomimetics.
Production of catalepsy and depletion of brain monoamines by a butyrophenone derivative.
TLC differentiation of butyrophenone and diphenylbutylpiperidine compounds from phenothiazine derivatives.
[Effect of butyrophenone derivatives on D-serotonin reactive structures].
Determination of buflomedil hydrochloride [2',4',6'-trimethoxy-4-(pyrrolidinyl)butyrophenone hydrochloride] by reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography.
The effect of multiple psychotropic drugs on the accommodation of pre-presbyopes.
Paradoxical excitement following the intravenous administration of azaperone in the horse.
[Sleep profile and sleep periodicity of more than 24 hours in humans under the influence of a butyrophenone derivative. 1. Sleep correction in subjects with oligosymptomatic sleep disorders].
Psychotropic agents. II. Synthesis and psychotropic activity of conformationally restricted butyrophenone analogs.
Assessment of the neuroleptic potential of some novel benzamide, butyrophenone, phenothiazine and indole derivatives.
The effect of neuroleptic derivatives of butyrophenone on the uptake of 5-HT by human blood platelets.
Thrombocytopenia in the absence of leukopenia associated with the use of neuroleptics.
Regional localization of halopemide, a new psychotropic agent, in the rat brain.
A comparison between the conformation of dexclamol and the tricyclic and butyrophenone type dopamine antagonists.
Fatal hyperthermia following haloperidol therapy of sedative-hypnotic withdrawal.
Comparison of the electrophysiological effects of two neuroleptics, melperone and thioridazine, on isolated rat atria.
Experimental anti-arrhythmic properties of melperone, a neuroleptic butyrophenone.
Loxapine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy as an antipsychotic agent.
[Fluorescence-analytical studies of the reaction of several psychoactive drugs with membrane structures of the CNS].
Neuroendocrine effects of bromperidol.
Neuroleptic potency of bromperidol.
Treatment of female schizophrenic patients with bromperidol, a new neuroleptic drug of the butyrophenone group with medium duration of action.
[Report on an open investigation on bromperidol, a neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series].
[Toxicologic studies on butyrophenone neuroleptics and related substances].
[Mental complications of neuroleptic drugs. Confusional oneiric states].
[Comparative trials on sultopride and fluanisone].
Feeding and drinking interactions after acute butyrophenone administration.
[Interaction between antihypertensive agents and psychotropic drugs (author's transl)].
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in patients treated with psychotherapeutic drugs.
Effects of antipsychotic drugs on action potential production in skeletal muscle. II. Haloperidol: nonspecific and opiate drug receptor mediated effects.
[Effects of minor tranquilizers and neuroleptics on open-field behavior in rats (author's transl)].
Adenylate cyclase from various dopaminergic areas of the brain and the action of loxapine.
Clinical study with bromperidol, a new butyrophenone derivative.
[Effect of azabutyrone and its analogs on catecholamine metabolism in the brains of rats].
Butyrophenones from the isomeric 2-amino-5-phenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes.
Antipsychotic effects, side effects and effective dosis of the butyrophenone lenperone (AHR 2277).
Double-blind study with two butyrophenone derivatives: bromperidol vs. haloperidol.
[Report on the clinical testing of the delayed-action form of the neuroleptic agent moperone hydrochloride in 20 chronic psychotic patients].
Reduction of the hypotensive effect of clonidine and alpha-methyldopa by various psychotropic drugs.
Blockade of apomorphine's discriminative stimulus properties: relation to neuroleptic activity in neuropharmacological and biochemical assays.
Neuroleptic-induced akathisia and dystonia triggered by alcohol.
Effect of neuroleptics and of combinations of d-amphetamine and neuroleptics on 3H-dopamine uptake by homogenates from rat striatum.
Orofacial dyskinesia. Clinical features, mechanisms and drug therapy.
The applied pharmacology of azaperone in ponies.
[Effect of psychotropic preparations on the activity of Ca- and Mg-dependent ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum].
[Febrile state with acute renal insufficiency requiring hemodialysis followed by recovery. Probable role of butyrophenone].
Comparison of low doses of haloperidol and diazepam in anxiety states.
Butyrophenone influences on the opiate receptor.
Effects of azaperone on cardiovascular and respiratory functions in the horse.
Pilot open-label study of lenperone (AHR 2277), a butyrophenone, in anxiety.
Azaperol, a new metabolite of the veterinary butyrophenone tranquilizer azaperone.
Bromperidol, a new potent neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series. A comparison of the effects of bromperidol and haloperidol in intracranial self-stimulation.
[A method for studying pupilomotorics under the influence of neurolepic medication (author's transl)].
Butyrophenones and brain serotonin metaboism.
[Pharmacological investigations of 4'-fluoro-4-(4-methyl-peperidono)-butyrophenone with respect to its sedative and sleep-inducing properties (author's transl)].
[Neuroleptics with prolonged action].
Letter: An unusual adverse reaction with butyrophenone therapy.
Increased disrupting effects of haloperidol on a conditioned avoidance response after 6-hydroxydopamine treatment.
Effects of a new butyrophenone derivate (Buronil) on nocturnal sleep in normal man.
Butyrophenones as hypotensive agents. Derivatives of 4-aryl-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexylamine.
Drug-induced dystonia.
[Effect of psychotropic and anticonvulsive preparations on transport ATPase in the renal tubules of the guinea pig].
Increased sensitivity to dopaminergic agents after chronic neuroleptic treatment.
[Use of neuroleptic agents in modern pig-farming (author's transl)].
Effects of dopaminergic receptor agonists and antagonists on the activity of the neo-striatal cholinergic system.
Treatment of acute schizophrenia with a new butyrophenone-lenperone.
Periodicity of recurrence of 'phasic type' of schizophrenia.
The effects of azaperone, a sedative neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series, on dominant-subordinate behaviour in wistar rats competing for food.
[The assessment of neuroleptogenic extrapyramidal syndroms in psychopharmacological research (author's transl)].
Azaperone, a sedative neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series with pronounced anti-aggressive and anti-shock activity in animals.
Synthesis and preliminary pharmacology of a novel butyrophenone derivative, ID-4708.
Assessment of antipsychotic activity of a butyrophenone analogue, lenperone (AHR 2277).
New drug developments in the Latin Americas (Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico and Panama).
Effect of a butyrophenone derivative, U-32,802A, on brain biogenic amines.
An early clinical trial of lenperone (AHR 2277), a butyrophenone, in chronic schizophrenia.
Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in mammalian brain: a possible site of action of antipsychotic drugs.
The effect of tranquillizing drugs on the concentration of the sulphate ester of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethane-1,2-diol in rat brain.
Bromoperidol, a new potent neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series. Comparative pharmacology of bromoperidol and haloperidol.
Inhibition of cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase in vitro by butyrophenone neuroleptics.
[Methylperon. (Buronil "Ferrosan"). A new butyrophenone neuroleptic].
New dystonic syndrome associated with butyrophenone therapy.
[Effects of thiothixene on schizophrenic symptoms in a long-term therapeutic scheme. Comparative study with butyrophenone derivative].
[Polarographic determination of p-fluor substituted butyrophenone derivatives].
Relation of hypermagnesaemia to activity and neuroleptic drug therapy in schizophrenic states.
[Clinical evaluation of a butyrophenone derivative, methylperidol, in 40 cases of schizophrenia and other psychoses].
[Response of the rat central nervous system to the administration of a butyrophenone derivative: dehydrobenzperidol (semeiologic and anatomopathological study)].
Activity of series of butyrophenone derivatives on the oxygen consumption by rat brain.
[Pimozide--a new butyrophenone derivative in the treatment of schizophrenia].
Clinical evaluation in 112 psychiatric patients of a butyrophenone neuroleptic, dehydrobenzperidol (R 4749). A controlled study in 45 patients of dehydrobenzperidol versus haloperidol.
CI-601, a butyrophenone derivative, in the treatment of chronically withdrawn schizophrenic patients.
[The influence of butyrophenone derivatives on the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the normal rat brain and in the rat brain after nialamide pretreatment].
[Radioprotective properties of butyrophenone derivatives].
AHR-1900: a butyrophenone derivative.
Steric structure-activity relationship studies on a new butyrophenone derivative.
[Neuroleptics--phenothiazine and butyrophenone derivatives].
[Therapeutic problems in insomnia. II. Clinical test of a new butyrophenone sleep-regulator].
Cardiotoxic effects of a new butyrophenone compound. U-25,927.
A new butyrophenone derivative. AL-1021.
[The use of butyrophenone preparations in Huntington's chorea].
Effects of a new butyrophenone compound (AL-1021) on subcortical and cortical nervous system structures in the cat.
Further studies of the butyrophenone, CI-601, in chronic schizophrenic patients.
[On the position of the butyrophenone derivative Haloperidol in psychiatric treatment].
[On the position of butyrophenone derivative Triperidol in psychiatric treatment].
A new butyrophenone: trifluperidol. A psychiatric evaluation in a pediatric setting.
[Experience with the butyrophenone preparation Luvatren in the therapy of schizophrenia].
AL-499: a preliminary evaluation of a new butyrophenone derivative in chronic schizophrenic patients.
Some pharmacological and biochemical properties of gamma-morpholino-butyrophenone (NSD 2023), a new monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
[Experience with the butyrophenone Luvatren in schizophrenia therapy].
Experience with a new butyrophenone derivative (Buronil).
[Relationship between the effect of phenothiazine and butyrophenone and the glutamine level in the blood of schizophrenics].
[Selectivity of action of 2 butyrophenone neuroleptics: methylperidol and floropipamide].
[On vital feelings and their treatment with the butyrophenone derivative haloperidol].
[Studies on a long-acting neuroleptic of the butyrophenone group with special reference to the neuroleptic threshold].
Local glial reaction in the CNS of albino-rats in response to the administration of a neuroleptic drug (butyrophenone).
[Buronil, a new butyrophenone derivative for acute psychiatric disorders. A comparison with chlorpromazine and chlorprothixene].
Effects of two butyrophenone compounds on acute schizophrenic patients: speculation on the neurophysiologic sites of action.
[Clinical experiences with butyrophenone benperidol].
[Buronil (FG 5111)--a new butyrophenone derivative. A controlled clinical study on senile dementia and confusion].
Distribution excretion and metabolism of neuroleptics of the butyrophenone type. II. Distribution, excretion and metabolism of haloperidol in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Distribution, excretion and metabolism of neuroleptics of the butyrophenone type. I. Excretion and metabolism of haloperidol and nine related butyrophenone-derivatives in the Wistar rat.
[Use of a new butyrophenone in psychiatric service. Outline of a differential study].
[Preliminary clinical observations on a new butyrophenone derivative: Dipiperon on Pipamperone (R-3345)].
The effectiveness of combined phenothiazine and butyrophenone treatment in chronic schizophrenic patients.
[Treatment of character disorders with a new butyrophenone: R. 3345 or pipamperone].
[Clinical evaluation of a neuroleptic agent of the butyrophenone series: triperidol].
[On the cataleptic activity of various derivates of butyrophenone].
[Preliminary observations on the clinical use in psychiatry of a recent derivative of butyrophenone (Luvatrene)].
A butyrophenone (haloperidol) for the treatment of institutionalized patients.
[Animal experiment contribution on the effect spectrum of some butyrophenone derivatives].
[A case of hemiballismus cured with chlorpromazine and butyrophenone].
[Pharmacologic and clinical properties of a new butyrophenone derivative (FR 33)].
[Clinical evaluation of some butyrophenone derivatives].
[Changes in behavior and cerebral electric activity induced by prolonged administration of drugs of the butyrophenone series].
A new butyrophenone in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
[CLINICAL TRIAL OF A NEW NEUROLEPTIC IN LABOR. 4-(4-HYDROXY-4-PHENYL-PIPERIDINE)-BUTYROPHENONE].
Further observations on trifluperidol: a butyrophenone derivative.
[Clinical neuroleptic tests in the case of the butyrophenone derivatives benzperidol and spiroperidol].
NEURODYSLEPTIC THERAPY. CLINICAL TRIALS IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA WITH A NEW BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVE R-2498.
O-ndiisopropylaminoethoxy-butyrophenone, a new local anaesthetic drug.
[THE PLACE OF A NEW BUTYROPHENONE PIPERAZINE (2028 MD) IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION].
[HUNTINGTON'S CHOREA, TEMPERAMENT DISORDERS OF MANIAC EXPRESSION. BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF HALOPERIDOL (FLUORO-PHENYL-PIPERIDINE BUTYROPHENONE). ABSENCE OF THE THERAPEUTIC AKINETO-HYPERTONIC SYNDROME].
[CB-8089 (BENZPERIDOL-FLUORINATED BUTYROPHENONE) IN PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION STATES AND MENTAL DISORDERS].
INFLUENCE OF FOUR BUTYROPHENONE NEUROLEPTICS ON RAT BRAIN NORADRENALINE DEPLETORY EFFECT OF RESERPINE.
[ON THE USE OF 4-(4-HYDROXY-4-PHENYL-PIPERIDINO)-BUTYROPHENONE IN PREANESTHESIA AND IN PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE VOMITING].
CUTANEOUS EFFECTS OF A NEW BUTYROPHENONE DRUG.
[C.B. 8089 (FLUORIZED BUTYROPHENONE) IN STATES OF PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION AND IN CHARACTER DISORDERS AT ALL AGES (EXCEPT CHILDHOOD)].
[THE BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVES].
[CLINICO-THERAPEUTIC TRIALS WITH DIPIPERON, A NEW BUTYROPHENONE SERIES DERIVATIVE].
THE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW BUTYROPHENONE (WY-3457).
[A SPECIFIC MEDICATION FOR CHOREIC MOVEMENT, 4'-FLUORO-4-(4-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)-4-HYDROXYPIPERIDINO)-BUTYROPHENONE OR R-1625 (HALOPERIDOL)].
[A NEW MAJOR NEUROLEPTIC AGENT: TRIPERIDOL. 1ST CLINICAL RESULTS OBTAINED WITH A NEW BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVE].
[THE USE OF A BUTYROPHENONE NEUROLEPTIC (HALOPERIDOL) IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC PSYCHOSES].
TRIFLUPERIDOL: A BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVE.
A PRELIMINARY TRIAL OF R-2028 (HALOANISONE) (4' FLUORO (1-/4-(2 METHOXY) PHENY PIPERAZINYL) BUTYROPHENONE ORTHOPHOSPHATE.
[THE USE IN PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE OF A NEW NEUROLEPTIC DRUG OF THE BUTYROPHENONE SERIES: 20-28 M.D. (SEDALANDE)].
[Clinical trials of a new neuroleptic of the butyrophenone group].
A narcotic analgesic and a butyrophenone with nitrous oxide for general anesthesia.
[Study of the therapeutic effects of a butyrophenone (R-1625--Haloperidin--haloperidol) in psychoses].
[On the treatment with Haloperidol (fluoro-piperidino-butyrophenone) in child psychiatry].
[THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF MD 20-28 (BUTYROPHENONE PIPERAZINATE) IN THE PSYCHIATRIC FIELD].
The therapeutic profile of haloperidol. A preliminary study of a butyrophenone derivative in in-patients and out-patients.
[Results of psychiatric therapy with the butyrophenone derivative haloperidol (R1625)].
Modified technique used in human bioassay of four butyrophenone derivatives in psychoneurotic patients.
[Action of a butyrophenone-piperazine (MD-2028) alone or in combination, on acute agitational states].
Two new butyrophenone derivatives studied with the conditioned reflex technique.
[A new neuroleptic with delayed hypnogenic effect: dipiperon (R3345), butyrophenone carbamide].
[Diagnostic utilization in clinical EEG of a neuroleptic butyrophenone: MD-2028].
[The neuroleptic effects of the piperazine derivative of butyrophenone (MD-2028)].
[Psycho-pharmacological study of a 5th butyrophenone: "methylperidide", a neuroleptic pyrrolidinamide and methyl derivative of haloperidol].
Chemistry and pharmacology of compounds related to 4-(4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-piperidino)-butyrophenone. III. Duration of antiemetic action and oral effectiveness of Haloperidol (R 1625) and of chlorpromazine in dogs.
[MD 20-28 (butyrophenone with piperazine) as a neuroleptic agent of complex action].
Chemistry and pharmacology of compounds related to 4-(4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-piperidino)-butyrophenone. IV. Influence of haloperidol (R 1625) and of chlorpromazine on the behaviour of rats in an unfamiliar "open field" situation.
[Use of a neuroleptic agent of the butyrophenone series (2028 MD) in clinical E.E.G].
[4-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidino]-butyrophenone on cerebral bioelectrical activity in the rabbit].
[Psychopharmacology of a third neuroleptic from the butyrophenone series: R 2498 or triperidol].
[Note on the trial use of fluoromethoxyphenylpiperazine-butyrophenone (28-28 M.D.) at the time of admission].
Chemistry and pharmacology of CNS depressants related to 4-(4-hydroxy-phenylpiperidino)butyrophenone. I. Synthesis and screening data in mice.

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEMBL:View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
FooDB:FDB029782
Export Tariff Code:2914.30.0000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 148.20483398438
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 8.205 to 8.254
Refractive Index 1.517 to 1.523 @ 20 °C
Melting Point 11 to 13°C @ 760 mm Hg
Boiling Point 222 to 229°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.073 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 88.89 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 2.77
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 332.9 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Camphoreous
camphoreous, cherry, walnut, hazelnut
General comment At 100.00 %. camphor cherry walnut hazelnut

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Balsam, Cherry, Hazelnut, Herbal, Woody
Flavoring purposes Nut, Walnut
Cosmetic purposes Perfuming agents

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
None - None found.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for butyrophenone usage levels up to:
0.2000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.24 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 1600 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): 3.0000015.00000
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): 2.0000010.00000
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): 3.0000015.00000
Processed fruit (04.1): 2.0000010.00000
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): --
Confectionery (05.0): 4.0000020.00000
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): 2.0000010.00000
Bakery wares (07.0): 5.0000025.00000
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): 1.000005.00000
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): 1.000005.00000
Eggs and egg products (10.0): --
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): --
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): 2.0000010.00000
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): 3.0000015.00000
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): 2.0000010.00000
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 4.0000020.00000
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): 5.0000025.00000
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): 2.0000010.00000

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 16 (FGE.16): Aromatic ketones from chemical group 21 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000)
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 16, Revision 1 (FGE.16Rev1)[1]: Aromatic ketones from chemical group 21- Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 69, (FGE.69)[1] - Consideration of aromatic substituted secondary alcohols, ketones and related esters evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to aromatic ketones from chemical group 21 evaluated by EFSA in FGE.16 (2006) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 16, Revision 2 (FGE.16Rev2): Aromatic ketones from chemical group 21
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):495-40-9
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :10315
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
1-phenylbutan-1-one
Chemidplus:0000495409