phenethyl pivalate

Phenethyl pivalate, also known as 2-phenylethyl pivalate or centifolyl, is a synthetic ester with the molecular formula C₁₃H₁₈O₂. It appears as a clear, colorless liquid predominantly used in flavor and fragrance industries. This compound emits a medium-strength floral odor with balsamic, rose, and spicy nuances, contributing to its popularity in perfuming agents. Phenethyl pivalate is referenced under controlled vocabularies such as ChEBI (CHEBI:87336). Typically derived via esterification of 2-phenylethanol and pivalic acid, it is valued for its ability to impart floral and fruity notes in formulations.

Phenethyl pivalate is primarily a synthetic aromatic ester and does not occur naturally in significant amounts. It is extensively used as a flavor and fragrance ingredient that evokes floral, fruity, and balsamic characteristics. Its odor profile includes hints reminiscent of rose, geranium, jasmine, lilac, and blueberry, which makes it suitable for use in perfumes, soaps, antiperspirants, and other personal care products. The compound is featured in formulary standards such as FEMA (US), which guides its use within safe concentration limits, typically allowing up to 8% usage in fragrance concentrates. This regulatory framework ensures phenethyl pivalate’s compatibility and safety in cosmetic and personal hygiene products.

Phenethyl pivalate exhibits a moderate molecular weight of 206.28 g/mol and presents as a clear liquid with a refractive index ranging between 1.48 and 1.482 at 20 °C. Its specific gravity is approximately 0.968 to 0.975 at 25 °C, indicating it is slightly less dense than water. The compound has an estimated logP of 3.572, suggesting moderate lipophilicity which influences its solubility and bio-distribution in formulations. Phenethyl pivalate has a low vapor pressure of about 0.005 mmHg at 25 °C, contributing to its substantivity and longevity in fragrances. Its flash point is around 93 °C (200 °F), indicating moderate volatility and flammability considerations. Solubility is favorable in alcohols but limited in water, which affects mixing and application in various product bases.

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Safety information

European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for phenethyl pivalate usage levels up to:
	8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.

Safety references

EPI System: View

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Toxicology Citations:Search

EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):67662-96-8

EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data

EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry

Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :105516

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data

WGK Germany:2

2-phenylethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate

Chemidplus:0067662968