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difurfuryl ether

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name difurfuryl ether
Trivial Name Difurfuryl ether
Short Description 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bisfuran
Formula C10 H10 O3
CAS Number 4437-22-3
Deleted CAS Number 1801783-78-7
FEMA Number 3337
Flavis Number 13.061
FDA UNII 55L57OC81G
Nikkaji Number J102.641K
Beilstein Number 0156726
COE Number 10930
xLogP3-AA 1.30 (est)
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1522 difurfuryl ether
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 4437-22-3 ; DIFURFURYL ETHER
Synonyms
  • 2,2'- difurfuryl ether
  • 2,2'-(oxy dimethanediyl)difuran
  • 2,2'-(oxy dimethylene) difuran
  • 2,2'-(oxy dimethylene)difuran
  • 2-( furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl) furan
  • 2-( furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
  • furan, 2,2'-(oxydimethylene)di-
  • furan, 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis-
  • furan, 2,2prime-(oxybis(methylene))bis-
  • furfuryl ether
  • 2,2'-(oxybis( methylene)) bisfuran
  • 2,2'-(oxybis( methylene))bisfuran
  • 2,2'-[oxybis( methylene)]bisfuran
  • 2,2'-[oxybis( methylene)]difuran
  • 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
  • Furan, 2,2′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis-
  • Furan, 2,2′-(oxydimethylene)di-
  • Furan, 2,2′-oxydimethylenebis-
  • 2,2′-[Oxybis(methylene)]bis[furan]
  • 2,2′-Difurfuryl ether
  • NSC 97234
  • 2-((Furan-2-ylmethoxy)methyl)furan
  • 2,2′-(Oxybis(methylene))difuran
  • 2,2′-Oxybis(methylene)difuran

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:4437-22-3
Pubchem (cid):263034
Pubchem (sid):135263851
Publications by Info
substances containing furan substitution
Publications by US Patents
3,940,502 - Flavoring agent
Furfurylthioacetone

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB33248
FooDB:FDB011267
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food:Read Report

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 178.18730163574
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 12.531 to 12.581
Refractive Index 1.138 to 1.144 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 88 to 89°C @ 1 mm Hg
Acid Value 1 max KOH/g
Vapor Pressure 0.109 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 105.56 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 1.797 est
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 711.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Coffee
coffee, nutty, earthy
General comment At 0.10 % in propylene glycol. coffee nutty earthy
Flavor Type: Coffee
coffee, mushroom
General comment Coffee mushroom-like

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Flavoring purposes Coffee, Nut

Safety Information

Safety information

European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 210 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM DUODENUM GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS
Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 93, 1990.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavoring agents
Recommendation for difurfuryl ether usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.12 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 0.09 (μg/capita/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 6
Click here to view publication 6
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -1.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): --
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: -1.00000
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -1.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -1.00000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing. The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000).
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 Revision 2 (FGE.67Rev2): Consideration of 28 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th and 69th meetings (JECFA, 2001, 2006a, 2009b)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 3 (FGE.67Rev3): consideration of 23 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th, 69th and 86th meetings
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):4437-22-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :263034
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
Chemidplus:0004437223