ethyl nitrite

General Material Information

Preferred name	ethyl nitrite
Trivial Name	Ethyl nitrite
Short Description	nitrous acid, ethyl ester
Formula	C2 H5 N O2
CAS Number	109-95-5
FEMA Number	2446
ECHA Number	203-722-6
FDA UNII	8C7CJ279RV
Nikkaji Number	J47.917I
Beilstein Number	1699562
MDL	MFCD00010257
COE Number	11869
xLogP3-AA	0.40 (est)
NMR Predictor	External link
FDA Patent	No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm	109-95-5 ; ETHYL NITRITE
Synonyms	ethyl nitrite 15% in ethanol ethyl nitrite solution ethylnitrite hyponitrous ether nitrosyl ethoxide nitrous acid ethyl ester nitrous acid, ethyl ester nitrous ether nitrous ether 15% in ethanol nitrous ethyl ether spirit of nitrous ether sweet spirit of nitre Spirit of ethyl nitrite Sweet spirit of niter

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Literature & References

	ethyl nitrite
NIST Chemistry WebBook:	Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	109-95-5
Pubchem (cid):	8026
Pubchem (sid):	134974013

Publications by PubMed
Chirped-Pulse millimeter-Wave spectroscopy for dynamics and kinetics studies of pyrolysis reactions.
S-nitrosylation therapy to improve oxygen delivery of banked blood.
Repletion of S-nitrosohemoglobin improves organ function and physiological status in swine after brain death.
A comparison of organic and inorganic nitrates/nitrites.
Pharmacologically augmented S-nitrosylated hemoglobin improves recovery from murine subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Inclusion of a nitric oxide congener in the insufflation gas repletes S-nitrosohemoglobin and stabilizes physiologic status during prolonged carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.
Transport rather than diffusion-dependent route for nitric oxide gas activity in alveolar epithelium.
Formation of nitric oxide, ethyl nitrite and an oxathiolone derivative of caffeic acid in a mixture of saliva and white wine.
Protection from lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by augmentation of airway S-nitrosothiols.
[Effect of ethyl nitrite versus inhaled nitric oxide in a rat model of acute pulmonary hypertension].
The potent vasodilator ethyl nitrite is formed upon reaction of nitrite and ethanol under gastric conditions.
Transformation of ethyl alcohol to ethyl nitrite in acidified saliva: possibility of its occurrence in the stomach.
Isomeric recognition by ion/molecule reactions: the ionized phenol-cyclohexadienone case.
Ab initio, density functional theory, and continuum solvation model prediction of the product ratio in the S(N)2 reaction of NO2(-) with CH3CH2Cl and CH3CH2Br in DMSO solution.
Efficacy of ethyl nitrite in reversing surgical vasospasm.
Inhaled ethyl nitrite prevents hyperoxia-impaired postnatal alveolar development in newborn rats.
Inclusion of an S-nitrosylating agent in the insufflating gas does not alter gastric activity in rats following pneumoperitoneum.
A nitric oxide processing defect of red blood cells created by hypoxia: deficiency of S-nitrosohemoglobin in pulmonary hypertension.
Formation of ethyl nitrite in vivo after ethanol administration.
A method to attenuate pneumoperitoneum-induced reductions in splanchnic blood flow.
Fourier transform infrared-probed O(3P) microreactor: demonstration with ethylene reactions in argon matrix.
The combined solid/solution-phase synthesis of nitrosamines: the evolution of the "libraries from libraries" concept.
Inhaled ethyl nitrite gas for persistent pulmonary hypertension in infants.
Inhaled ethyl nitrite gas for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
Spin-labeled 1-alkyl-1-nitrosourea synergists of antitumor antibiotics.
Preparation and properties of S-nitroso-L-cysteine ethyl ester, an intracellular nitrosating agent.
Synthesis, characterization, solid-state molecular structures, and deprotonation reactions of cationic alcohol complexes of osmium nitrosyl porphyrins.
[A gas chromatographic method for detecting nitrites in the blood and stomach contents].
Direct demonstration of NO formation in vivo from organic nitrites and nitrates, and correlation to effects on blood pressure and to in vitro effects.
Oxidation of deoxyhemerythrin to semi-methemerythrin by nitrite.
Study of artificial flavouring substances for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome, Basc and micronucleus tests.
Oxidation of hemoglobin and myoglobin by alkyl nitrites inhibition by oxygen.
Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of human deoxyhemoglobin by nitrites.
Ethyl nitrite. The in vivo synthesis of a mutagenic substance from tobacco smoke and ethanol.
Sudden death in an infant from methemoglobinemia after administration of "sweet spirits of nitre".
[Acute poisoning due to inhalation of ethyl nitrite vapors].

Other Information

(IUPAC):	Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:	The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:	Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):	Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):	View
CHEMBL:	View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):	HMDB31239
FooDB:	FDB003266
Export Tariff Code:	2920.90.5000
ChemSpider:	View
Wikipedia:	View
Formulations/Preparations: article of commerce contains 90-95% ethyl nitrite, remainder is chiefly alcohol as preservative.

Suppliers

BOC Sciences	Penta International
Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich	Synerzine
Penta International Corporation	Synerzine, Inc.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex	No
Molecular weight	75.067253112793
Specific gravity	@ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon
Boiling Point	17.4 to 18°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure	905.96698 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value	15 °C TCC
logP (o/w)	0.712 est
Solubility
alcohol	Yes
water, 8968 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)	Yes
water	No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Ethereal
ethereal, sweet, rummy, fruity
General comment	At 1.00 % in propylene glycol. ethereal sweet rummy fruity

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View

Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 160 ppm/4H BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. Vol. 8, Pg. 101, 1987. inhalation-cat LC > 200 mg/m3/1 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(1), Pg. 62, 1983. inhalation-mouse LC > 200 mg/m3/1 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(1), Pg. 62, 1983.

Safety in use information

Category:
information only not used for fragrances or flavors
Recommendation for ethyl nitrite usage levels up to:
	not for fragrance use.

Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
		average usual ppm	average maximum ppm
baked goods:		-	0.10000
beverages(nonalcoholic):		-	3.00000
beverages(alcoholic):		-	-
breakfast cereal:		-	-
cheese:		-	-
chewing gum:		-	3.90000
condiments / relishes:		-	-
confectionery froastings:		-	13.00000
egg products:		-	-
fats / oils:		-	-
fish products:		-	-
frozen dairy:		-	4.50000
fruit ices:		-	4.50000
gelatins / puddings:		-	-
granulated sugar:		-	-
gravies:		-	-
hard candy:		0.10000	8.00000
imitation dairy:		-	-
instant coffee / tea:		-	-
jams / jellies:		-	-
meat products:		-	-
milk products:		-	-
nut products:		-	-
other grains:		-	-
poultry:		-	-
processed fruits:		-	-
processed vegetables:		-	-
reconstituted vegetables:		-	-
seasonings / flavors:		-	-
snack foods:		-	-
soft candy:		-	-
soups:		-	-
sugar substitutes:		-	-
sweet sauces:		-	-