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amber furan

Amber furan is a fragrance ingredient recognized for its medium-strength amber odor with excellent diffusion and substantivity, commonly used in perfuming agents.

PLEASE NOTE: The correct CAS number is 217816-75-6. CAS 68611-23-4 is used by the manufacturer IFF but not supported by the Chemical Abstracts Service.

General Material Description

Amber furan is a synthetic aroma chemical primarily used as a fragrance ingredient due to its distinctive amber odor. Its molecular formula is C17H28O2.  The correct CAS number is 217816-75-6. That said, CAS 68611-23-4 is used by the manufacturer IFF but not supported by the Chemical Abstracts Service. This compound is known under several synonyms, including grisalva, with the ethyl analogue structure related to Ambrox. It presents a medium-strength odor characterized by ambergris, animalic, and leathery notes. Amber furan is typically supplied as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with notable diffusivity. The compound is sourced through chemical synthesis involving reaction products of 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-pentanone with 2-propyn-1-ol. For detailed chemical information and controlled vocabulary, see PubChem Amber Furan.


Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Amber furan does not occur naturally but is synthesized for use primarily in fragrance applications. It serves as a key amber note ingredient noted for its exceptional diffusion and long-lasting scent profile, capturing the essence of ambergris and other animalic odors. The compound supports complex fragrance compositions imparting amber, leather, musk, and woody accents. In perfumery, it is valued for enhancing diffusion and providing dry, earthy characteristics. Regulatory standards such as IFRA (Global) recommend limiting amber furan usage to a maximum 0.5% concentration in fragrance concentrates to ensure safe consumer use.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Amber furan exhibits a molecular weight of 264.41 g/mol and a chemical formula of C17H28O2. It is a liquid at room temperature with a flash point near 94 °C, indicating moderate volatility. The compound demonstrates a high logP value of 6.58, signifying significant lipophilicity which supports its substantivity on skin and in formulations. Its boiling point ranges from 273 to 274 °C at standard atmospheric pressure. Amber furan has low vapor pressure at 25 °C (0.005 mm Hg), contributing to its persistent diffusion in air. It dissolves in alcohol and shows limited solubility in water (approximately 0.02049 mg/L at 25 °C). The refractive index falls between 1.493 and 1.5 at 20 °C, and specific gravity values range from about 0.961 to 0.971 between 20 and 25 °C. Proper storage involves cool, dry conditions protected from heat and light. These properties collectively influence amber furan's performance in fragrance formulations, supporting long lasting and diffusive scent profiles.

FAQ

What is amber furan and what are its key characteristics?
Amber furan is a synthetic fragrance compound chemically identified as a reaction product of 3-pentanone with 2-propyn-1-ol, noted for its amber, animalic, and leathery scent. Recognized under trade names such as Grisalva (IFF), it is valued for its medium-strength amber odor with exceptional diffusion and long-lasting effect, often used to replicate characteristics of natural ambergris in perfumery.
How is amber furan typically used and where does it occur?
This compound is primarily used in perfuming agents and fragrance formulations to provide amber and oriental woody notes with dry and herbal undertones. Amber furan is produced synthetically and is not found naturally; it is employed to enhance fragrance diffusion and substantivity. Its applications are mainly in cosmetic products where a durable ambergris-like scent is desired.
What safety standards and regulations apply to amber furan in fragrance use?
Amber furan is regulated under standards such as the IFRA Code of Practice (Global), which specifies recommended usage levels up to 0.5% in fragrance concentrates to ensure safety. It is classified as an irritant to skin and eyes (Xi) with precautionary measures advised for handling. Extensive toxicological data demonstrates low acute toxicity via oral and dermal exposure, supporting its controlled use in perfumery while protecting consumer health.
What is amber furan and what are its key odor characteristics?
Amber furan is a synthetic fragrance ingredient known for its medium-strength amber odor. It has distinct notes resembling ambergris, animalic and leathery scents, along with musky and woody undertones. The compound is particularly valued for its exceptional diffusion and long-lasting scent substantivity, making it useful in creating rich amber and oriental fragrances.
How is amber furan used and where does it typically appear in products?
Amber furan is primarily used in perfuming agents to impart amber, musk, leather, and woody notes. It enhances the diffusion and longevity of fragrances in various applications such as perfumes, colognes, and other scented products. Its chemical profile and physical properties allow it to function effectively as a key amber note in complex fragrance blends.
What regulations or safety guidelines apply to the use of amber furan?
Amber furan is governed by the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) standards, which recommend a maximum usage level of 0.5% in fragrance concentrates to ensure safe consumer exposure. It is classified in Europe as an irritant to skin and eyes and should be handled with proper protective measures. Although it is not approved for flavor use, it is recognized as safe within regulated fragrance applications when used according to guidelines.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
Export Tariff Code:2932.99.8090
ChemSpider:View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food:Read Report

General Material Information

Preferred name amber furan
Trivial Name 3-pentanone, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, reaction products with 2-propyn-1-ol
Short Description grisalva (IFF)
Formula C17 H28 O2
CAS Number 68611-23-4
CAS Number 217816-75-6
ECHA Number 271-889-2
FDA UNII Search
NMR Predictor External link
Synonyms
  • 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-pentanone reaction products with 2-propyn-1-ol
  • 1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)pentan-3-one- prop-2-yn-1-ol(1:1)
  • 3-pentanone, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, reaction products with 2-propyn-1-ol
  • 3-Pentanone, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, reaction products with 2-propyn-1-ol
  • 3a-ethyl dodecahydro-6,6,9a-trimethyl naphtho(2,1-b)furan
  • ethyl dodecahydrotrimethyl naphthofuran
  • grisalva (IFF)
  • naphtho(2,1-b)furan,3a-ethyl dodecahydro-6,6,9a-trimethyl
  • prop-2-yn-1-ol; 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl)pentan-3-one
  • trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl-3-pentanone-2-propynol
  • grisalva

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 264.40856933594
Specific gravity 0.961 - 0.962 @ 20 °C
Pounds per Gallon 7.996 to 8.063
Specific gravity 0.97 - 0.971 @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 8.014 to 8.081
Refractive Index 1.493 to 1.5 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 273 to 274°C @ 760 mm HG
Vapor Pressure 0.005 mm HG @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 93.89 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 6.58
Shelf life 36 months (or longer if stored properly.)
Storage notes Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 0.02049 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
Stability
acid cleaner Unspecified
alcoholic lotion Unspecified
antiperspirant Unspecified
bleach Unspecified
deo stick Unspecified
detergent Unspecified
fabric softener Unspecified
hard surface cleaner Unspecified
shampoo Unspecified
soap Unspecified

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Amber
ambergris, animal, dry, amber, fresh, metallic
Odor strength medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less
Substantivity 400 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Luebke, William tgsc, (1992) At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. ambergris animal dry amber fresh metallic
Grisalva is the ethyl analogue of Ambrox, discovered by IFF in the 1960's. Generally, incorporation of an ethyl group in place of a methyl group increases the intensity of the parent chemical. One of the main key characteristics of Grisalva is its exceptional diffusion. The character of ambergris captured in a single chemical of remarkable strength. Diffusive and long lasting. Excellent performance/cost ratio
General comment Ambergris, Animalic/ Animal, Leather/ Leathery

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Amber , Ambergris , Animal , Earth , Herbal , Leather , Musk , Oriental , Woody
Other purposes Diffusion , Dry
Cosmetic purposes Perfuming agents

Safety Information

Safety information

European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for amber furan usage levels up to:
0.5000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Recommendation for amber furan flavor usage levels up to:
not for flavor use.

Safety references

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):68611-23-4
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :163259
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
prop-2-yn-1-ol; 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl)pentan-3-one
Chemidplus:0068611234