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General Material Information

Preferred name 5-methyl furfural
Trivial Name 5-Methylfurfural
Short Description 5-methylfurfural
Formula C6 H6 O2
CAS Number 620-02-0
FEMA Number 2702
Flavis Number 13.001
ECHA Number 210-622-6
FDA UNII 4482BZC72D
Nikkaji Number J37.047I
Beilstein Number 0106895
MDL MFCD00003232
COE Number 119
NMR Predictor External link
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 620-02-0 ; 5-METHYLFURFURAL
Synonyms
  • 2-formyl-5-methyl furan
  • 2-formyl-5-methylfuran
  • 2-furaldehyde, 5-methyl-
  • 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-
  • 5-methyl furan-2-al
  • 5-methyl furan-2-carbaldehyde
  • 5 methyl furfural
  • 5-methyl furfural natural
  • 5-methyl furfuraldehyde
  • 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde
  • 5-methyl-2-furan carboxaldehyde
  • 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde
  • 5-methyl-2-furfural
  • 5-methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
  • methyl-5 furfural
  • 2-methyl-5-formyl furan
  • 2-methyl-5-formylfuran
  • 5-methylfuran-2-al
  • 5-methylfuran-2-carbaldehyde
  • 5-methylfurfural
  • 5-methylfurfural natural
  • 5-methylfuran-2-carbaldehyde
  • 2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-
  • 2-Furaldehyde, 5-methyl-
  • 5-Methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde
  • 5-Methylfurfural
  • 5-Methylfurfuraldehyde
  • 5-Methyl-2-furfural
  • 2-Methyl-5-formylfuran
  • 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde
  • 2-Formyl-5-methylfuran
  • 5-Methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
  • 5-Methylfuran-2-al
  • 5-Methylfuran-2-aldehyde
  • 5-Methyl-2-furfurylaldehyde
  • 2-Methyl-5-furaldehyde
  • 2-Formyl-5-methyltetrahydrofuran

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

5-methylfuran-2-carbaldehyde
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:620-02-0
Pubchem (cid):12097
Pubchem (sid):134975810
Flavornet:620-02-0
Pherobase:View
Publications by PubMed
Characterisation of volatile compounds in a smoke flavouring from rice husk.
Vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of furfurals and patulin in fruit juices.
Optimization of the HS-SPME-GC-IT/MS method using a central composite design for volatile carbonyl compounds determination in beers.
Examining of athermal effects in microwave-induced glucose/glycine reaction and degradation of polysaccharide from Porphyra yezoensis.
Port wine oxidation management: a multiparametric kinetic approach.
Extraction/oxidation kinetics of low molecular weight compounds in wine brandy resulting from different ageing technologies.
Volatile profiling of high quality hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.): chemical indices of roasting.
Detection of some volatile degradation products released during photoexposition of ranitidine in a solid state.
Effect of adulteration versus storage on volatiles in unifloral honeys from different floral sources and locations.
Influence of processing on the volatile profile of strawberry spreads made with isomaltulose.
A further tool to monitor the coffee roasting process: aroma composition and chemical indices.
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of furanic compounds in honey and vegetable oils.
The formation of furfural compounds in selected saccharide- and polysaccharide-based pharmaceutical excipients.
High-quality diesel from hexose- and pentose-derived biomass platform molecules.
Thermal decomposition of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) and its further transformations in the presence of glycine.
The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas.
Hot and cold water infusion aroma profiles of Hibiscus sabdariffa: fresh compared with dried.
Direct catalytic synthesis of 5-methylfurfural from biomass-derived carbohydrates.
In-depth search focused on furans, lactones, volatile phenols, and acetals as potential age markers of Madeira wines by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with solid phase microextraction.
Isolation and characterization of Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14 for biological removal of inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysate.
A new method for the determination of carbonyl compounds in wines by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry.
Nematicidal Carboxylic Acids and Aldehydes from Melia azedarach Fruits.
Essential oil of Terminalia chebula fruits as a repellent for the indian honeybee Apis florea.
Coffee aroma--statistical analysis of compositional data.
Simultaneous determination of 2-furfural and 5-methyl-2-furfural using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry.
Catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose with sulfated metal oxides: a promising method for obtaining high yield of light furan compounds.
1-(4-Chloro-phen-yl)-3-(5-methyl-2-fur-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
Impact of forced-aging process on madeira wine flavor.
Simple gas chromatographic method for furfural analysis.
Liquid alkanes with targeted molecular weights from biomass-derived carbohydrates.
Importance of chip selection and elaboration process on the aromatic composition of finished wines.
Formation of furan and methylfuran by maillard-type reactions in model systems and food.
3-(5-Methyl-2-fur-yl)-1-(p-tol-yl)-2-propen-1-one.
Furfural from Pine Needle Extract Inhibits the Growth of a Plant Pathogenic Fungus, Alternaria mali.
Influence of epicatechin reactions on the mechanisms of Maillard product formation in low moisture model systems.
Influence of the species and geographical location on volatile composition of Spanish oak wood (Quercus petraea Liebl. and Quercus robur L.).
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural modifies intracellular sickle haemoglobin and inhibits sickling of red blood cells.
3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone levels in fortified Madeira wines: relationship to sugar content.
Off-vine grape drying effect on volatile compounds and aromatic series in must from Pedro Ximénez grape variety.
Influence of distillation system, oak wood type, and aging time on composition of cider brandy in phenolic and furanic compounds.
Quantitative analysis of 2-furfural and 5-methylfurfural in different Italian vinegars by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using isotope dilution.
Extraction and formation dynamic of oak-related volatile compounds from different volume barrels to wine and their behavior during bottle storage.
Application of solid-phase extraction for determination of phenolic compounds in barrique wines.
Thermal decomposition of specifically phosphorylated D-glucoses and their role in the control of the Maillard reaction.
Reaction of 1,4-phthalazinedione with furfural: formation of the [5,6]benza-3a,7a-diazaindane system via an unusual skeletal rearrangement.
Synthesis, structure and biological activity of nickel(II) complexes of 5-methyl 2-furfural thiosemicarbazone.
Phytotoxic and fungitoxic activities of the essential oil of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) leaves and its composition.
Formation and Degradation of Furfuryl Alcohol, 5-Methylfurfuryl Alcohol, Vanillyl Alcohol, and Their Ethyl Ethers in Barrel-Aged Wines.
Stability constants of potent cytotoxic copper(II) complexes with furan semicarbazones in ethanolic solutions.
[Furane compounds formed upon heating highly-sugared fermented media].
Mechanisms of DNA cleavage by copper complexes of 3-clip-phen and of its conjugate with a distamycin analogue.
Effects of L-cysteine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine on 4-hydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (furaneol), 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, and 5-methylfurfural formation and browning in buffer solutions containing either rhamnose or glucose and arginine.
Methanogenic transformation of methylfurfural compounds to furfural.
Reactions of furfural and methylfurfural with DNA.
Reaction of furfural and methylfurfural with DNA: use of single-strand-specific nucleases.
Further studies on the mechanism of phenol-sulfuric acid reaction with furaldehyde derivatives.
Specificity of the in vitro interaction of methylfurfural with DNA.
Metabolism of 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde in rat. III. Identification and determination of 5-methyl-2-furylmethylketone.
Comparative mutagenicity of nine brands of coffee to Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA102, and TA104.
[Gas-chromatographic determination of furfural, methylfurfural and furyl alcohol in air].
Long-acting contraceptive agents: levonorgestrel esters of unsaturated acids.
Clastogenicity of furans found in food.
Volatile monocarbonyl compounds of carrot roots at various stages of maturity.
[The quantitative composition of natural and technologically changed aromas of plants. IV. Enzymic and thermal reaction products formed during the processing of tomatoes (author's transl)].
[GLC-mass-spectrometrical investigation of the volatile components of wines. VI. Aroma compounds of Tokaj aszu wines. a) Neutral compounds (author's transl)].
Cell division and prophage induction in Escherichia coli: effects of pantoyl lactone and various furan derivatives.
Identification of 5-methylfurfural in cigarette smoke.

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C11115
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB33002
FooDB:FDB010991
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB01435
Export Tariff Code:2932.19.0090
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food:Read Report

Suppliers

Advanced Biotech Alfrebro
Ambles Nature et Chimie Anhui Haibei
Anhui Suzhou Jinli Aromatic Chemicals Apple Flavor & Fragrance
Artiste Augustus Oils
Aurochemicals Axxence Aromatic
Bedoukian Research Beijing Lys Chemicals
BOC Sciences Charkit Chemical
Creatingperfume.com De Monchy Aromatics
DeLong Chemicals America Diffusions Aromatiques
EMD Millipore Endeavour Specialty Chemicals
Ernesto Ventós Excellentia International
FCI SAS Frutarom
H. Interdonati, Inc. IFF
Indukern F&F Inoue Perfumery
Jiangyin Healthway Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma )
Kingchem Laboratories Lluch Essence
M&U International Moellhausen
Natural Advantage Omega Ingredients
OQEMA Pearlchem Corporation
Penta International R C Treatt & Co Ltd
Reincke & Fichtner Riverside Aromatics
Robinson Brothers Sigma-Aldrich
SRS Aromatics Sunaux International
Synerzine Taytonn ASCC
TCI AMERICA Tengzhou Jitian Aroma Chemiclal
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals Tianjin Danjun International
United International Vigon International
WholeChem Advanced Biotech. Inc.
Alfrebro LLC/ Archer Daniels Midland Company Augustus Oils Ltd
Axxence Aromatic GmbH Bedoukian Research, Inc.
Beijing Lys Chemicals Co, LTD. Charkit Chemical Corporation
Endeavour Specialty Chemicals Ltd FRUTAROM USA INC,
Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd
Lluch Essence S.L. M&U International LLC
Moellhausen S.P.A. Penta International Corporation
Riverside Aromatics Ltd. Robinson Brothers Limited
SRS Aromatics Ltd Synerzine, Inc.
Taytonn ASCC Pte Ltd Tianjin Danjun International Trade Co., LTD.
R C Treatt and Co Ltd Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd
Ernesto Ventós S.A. WholeChem, LLC

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 110.11222076416
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 9.111 to 9.203
Refractive Index 1.526 to 1.535 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 89 to 90°C @ 26 mm Hg
Boiling Point 187 to 189°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.644 mmHg @ 25 °C
Vapor Density 3.7
Flash Point TCC Value 72.78 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 0.67
Shelf life 12 months (or longer if stored properly.)
Storage notes Store under nitrogen.
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 2.911e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Caramellic
spicy, caramellic, maple, sweet, bready, brown, coffee
Odor strength medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less
Substantivity > 1 hour(s) at 100.00 %
General comment At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. spice caramel maple
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 17, No. 4, 33, (1992) Sweet, caramellic, bready, brown, coffee-like
Flavor Type: Brown
sweet, brown, caramellic, grain, maple
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 17, No. 4, 33, (1992) At 50.00 ppm. Sweet, brown, caramellic, grain, maple-like
Cherry and other fruits, almond and other nuts, cocoa, coffee, and amaretto type flavors. Characteristic sweet almond, black cherry, nuttier than benzaldehyde & not as drying as furfural

Occurrences

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Human Experience:
2 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 2200 mg/kg
(Moreno, 1978g)

oral-rat LD50 2200 mg/kg
Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 20, Pg. 751, 1982.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for 5-methyl furfural usage levels up to:
2.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 180.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 25.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:540 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29
Click here to view publication 3
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: 1.000002.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): 1.000002.00000
beverages(alcoholic): 0.020002.00000
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: 20.00000500.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: 1.000003.00000
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: 1.000002.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: 2.000004.00000
hard candy: 0.030000.10000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: 5.0000010.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: 0.050000.10000
soft candy: 1.000002.00000
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 13 (FGE.13); Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 66 (FGE.66)[1]:Consideration of furfuryl alcohol and related flavouring substances evaluated by JECFA (55th meeting) structurally related to Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side chain substituents and heteroatoms evaluated by EFSA in FGE.13 (2005)
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 218: alpha,beta-Unsaturated aldehydes and precursors from subgroup 4.2 of FGE.19: Furfural derivatives - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13Rev1: Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14
View page or View pdf

Consideration of sulfur-substituted furan derivatives used as flavouring agents evaluated by JECFA (59th meeting) structurally related to a subgroup of substances within the group of “Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14” evaluated by EFSA in FGE.13Rev1 (2009)
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 218, Revision 1 (FGE.218Rev1): alpha,beta-Unsaturated aldehydes and precursors from subgroup 4.2 of FGE.19: Furfural derivatives.
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 66, Revision 1 (FGE.66Rev1): Consideration of Furfuryl Alcohol and Related Flavouring Substances Evaluated by JECFA (55th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of furfuryl and furan derivatives belonging to chemical group 14 when used as flavourings for all animal species and categories
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13 Revision 3 (FGE.13Rev3): furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):620-02-0
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :12097
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
5-methylfuran-2-carbaldehyde
Chemidplus:0000620020
RTECS:LT7032500 for cas# 620-02-0