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(E,E)-piperine
General Material Information
| Preferred name | (E,E)-piperine |
| Trivial Name | Piperine |
| Short Description | 1-piperoylpiperidine, (E,E)- |
| Formula | C17 H19 N O3 |
| CAS Number | 94-62-2 |
| Deleted CAS Number | 147030-08-8 |
| FEMA Number | 2909 |
| Flavis Number | 14.003 |
| ECHA Number | 202-348-0 |
| FDA UNII | U71XL721QK |
| Nikkaji Number | J4.701E |
| Beilstein Number | 0090741 |
| MDL | MFCD00005839 |
| COE Number | 492 |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1600 (E,E)-piperine |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 94-62-2 ; PIPERINE |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| (2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-piperidin-1-ylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 94-62-2 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 638024 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134971294 |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C03882 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB29377 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2934.99.4400 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 285.34301757812 |
| Melting Point | 128 to 130°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 498 to 499°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 255 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 2.656 est |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 40 mg/L @ 18C (exp) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Spicy | |
| peppery, animal | |
| General comment | At 1.00 % in propylene glycol. pepper animal |
| Flavor Type: Spicy | |
| spicy, peppery | |
| General comment | Spicy peppery |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Animal, Pepper |
| Cosmetic purposes | Perfuming agents |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xn - Harmful. | |
| R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 514 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intravenous-mouse LD50 15.1 mg/kg Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intraperitoneal-hamster LD50 105 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intramuscular-mouse LD50 400 ug/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 43 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intravenous-mouse LD50 15100 ug/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. oral-mouse LD50 330 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. intraperitoneal-rat LD50 34 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| subcutaneous-mouse LD50 200 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavor and fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for (E,E)-piperine usage levels up to: | |||
| 0.0100 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 20.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.07 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Threshold of Concern: | 90 (μg/person/day) | ||
| Structure Class: | III | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 1.30000 | 2.10000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.60000 | 0.70000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.90000 | 1.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| frozen dairy: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| hard candy: | - | - | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | 2.00000 | 3.00000 | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | 0.80000 | 1.20000 | |
| other grains: | 2.04000 | 3.10000 | |
| poultry: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | 0.80000 | 1.20000 | |
| seasonings / flavors: | 2.04000 | 3.10000 | |
| snack foods: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| soft candy: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| soups: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, (FGE.86)[1] - Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives - Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 1 (FGE.86Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) View page or View pdf |
| Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing. The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000). View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 2 (FGE.86Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and arylalkyl amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) View page or View pdf |
| Safety and efficacy of pyridine and pyrrole derivatives belonging to chemical group 28 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):94-62-2 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :638024 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| (2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-piperidin-1-ylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one |
| Chemidplus:0000094622 |
| RTECS:TN2321500 for cas# 94-62-2 |