amyl acetate

Amyl acetate is a fruity-smelling ester widely used as a flavor and fragrance agent and as a carrier solvent in various industries.

General Material Description

Amyl acetate is a chemical compound classified as an ester, specifically the pentyl ester of acetic acid, with the molecular formula C₇H₁₄O₂. It is a colorless, volatile liquid known for its characteristic fruity odor reminiscent of pears and bananas, which makes it valuable in flavor and fragrance applications. This ester is also identified by several synonyms including acetate C-5, acetic acid pentyl ester, and pentyl acetate. It is naturally found in various fruits such as apples, bananas, and peaches, contributing to their aroma profiles. The compound is listed in chemical databases such as ChEBI and is typically produced via esterification of acetic acid with pentanol or obtained as a component of natural fruit extracts or synthesized industrially for commercial use.

Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses

Amyl acetate appears naturally in many fruits including apple, banana, peach, and strawberry, as well as in products like beer and butter where it contributes fruity and sweet notes. Its occurrence in edible sources supports its widespread use as a flavoring agent in the food industry, imparting aromas such as pear, banana, and overripe fruit characteristics. Additionally, amyl acetate serves as a fragrance ingredient and a solvent in cosmetic and industrial formulations. Regulatory bodies such as FEMA (US) recognize it for use in flavor and fragrance applications with specific usage limits. It is also employed as a carrier solvent to facilitate the dispersion of other aromatic or active compounds in various products.

Physico-Chemical Properties Summary

Amyl acetate is a moderately volatile ester with a boiling point range of 149 to 150 °C at standard atmospheric pressure, indicating sufficient volatility for flavor and fragrance release at ambient temperatures. Its density at 20 °C lies between 0.875 and 0.879 g/cm³, slightly less dense than water, allowing ease of handling in liquid formulations. The refractive index measured around 1.4 to 1.405 at 20 °C is typical for esters, reflecting its optical properties. With a vapor pressure of approximately 3.5 mmHg at 25 °C, amyl acetate evaporates moderately, contributing to its fragrant profile. It is soluble in water at roughly 1700 mg/L at 20 °C and is also soluble in alcohols, enhancing its utility as a solvent in mixed solvent systems. The compound’s logP of 2.3 suggests a moderate lipophilicity, balancing hydrophobic character with some water affinity, which impacts its behavior in products and biological contexts.

FAQ

What is amyl acetate and what are its main uses?

Amyl acetate is an organic ester formed from acetic acid and pentanol. It has a fruity odor reminiscent of pear and banana and is commonly used as a flavoring and fragrance agent. In addition to its sensory applications, it functions as a carrier solvent in various industrial and cosmetic products, facilitating the delivery and blending of aromatic substances.

Where does amyl acetate occur naturally and how is it typically used in products?

Amyl acetate occurs naturally in a variety of fruits such as apple, banana, peach, and strawberry, contributing to their characteristic aromas. It is also present in consumables like beer and butter. Industrially, it is incorporated into flavors and fragrances to recreate or enhance fruity scents and tastes. Furthermore, amyl acetate is utilized as a solvent in perfumery and other formulations requiring effective dissolution of aromatic ingredients.

How is amyl acetate regulated and sourced for commercial use?

Amyl acetate is subject to standards and guidelines such as those from FEMA (US) and IFRA (Global), which specify usage levels to ensure safe application in flavors and fragrances. Commercial amyl acetate can be derived from natural sources or synthesized chemically through esterification processes. The compound is available in various grades including technical, pure, and pharmaceutical grades to meet the requirements of different applications. Safety data sheets provide hazard and handling information consistent with regulatory frameworks.

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

	pentyl acetate
NIST Chemistry WebBook:	Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	628-63-7
Pubchem (cid):	12348
Pubchem (sid):	134976020
Pherobase:	View

Publications by Info
Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
Publications by PubMed
[Determination of minor flavor components in Chinese spirits by direct-injection technique with capillary columns].
Production of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) by basidiomycetous yeasts.
Flavor perception and aroma release from model dairy desserts.
Flavor and the frontal cortex.
Volatile Flavor Compounds Produced by Molds of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fungi imperfecti.
Responsivity to two odorants, androstenone and amyl acetate, and the affective impact of odors on interpersonal relationships.
Olfactory event-related potentials to amyl acetate in congenital anosmia.
A genome-wide study on the perception of the odorants androstenone and galaxolide.
Biofiltration of ethyl acetate and amyl acetate using a composite bead biofilter.
Subchronic inhalation neurotoxicity study of amyl acetate in rats.
Method for calibrating olfactometer output. Part 2. Amyl acetate.
Olfactory event-related potentials to amyl acetate in congenital anosmia.
Responsivity to two odorants, androstenone and amyl acetate, and the affective impact of odors on interpersonal relationships.
Amyl acetate; a solvent for the separation of iron in metallurgical analysis.
Comparison of the sensitivity of C57BL/6J and AKR/J mice to airborne molecules of isovaleric acid and amyl acetate.
Behavioral determination of olfactory thresholds to amyl acetate in dogs.
Ontogeny of olfaction: development of the rats' sensitivity to urine and amyl acetate.
Mass transfer in the dissolution of a multicomponent liquid droplet in an immiscible liquid environment.
Odor hedonic capacity and anhedonia in schizophrenia and unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients.
[Histological studies of the experimental damage caused by amyl acetate to the guinea-pig nasal mucosa].
[Electroretinographic studies on the experimental amyl acetate intoxication. I. Acute intoxication].
[Behavior of serum vitamin C in experimental poisonings with amyl acetate].
Amyl acetate (pentyl acetate, amyl acetic ester, banana oil, pear oil).
[Pathology caused by amyl acetate].
[Electrophoretic changes in the serum proteins in acute experimental poisoning by amyl acetate and butyl acetate].
[Determination of lead in the blood by the use of dithizone after extraction of the iron salts by amyl acetate].
[Extraction of penicillin with amyl acetate in acid reaction].
Persistence of epoxy-based sealer residues in dentin treated with different chemical removal protocols.
[Electroretinographic studies on the experimental amyl acetate intoxication. II. Chronic intoxication].
[Ocular pathology caused by industrial solvents. II. Comparative clinical and experimental studies in amyl acetate poisonings].
[Changes in the cortical electric activity in experimental amyl acetate poisoning].
[Behavior of the reticulocytes in experimental poisoning with amyl acetate].
[OLFACTOMETRIC FINDINGS IN PATHOLOGY CAUSED BY AMYL ACETATE].
[Anatomo-histopathological observations in acute poisoning by amyl acetate and butyl acetate].
Reversal of phototaxis in prepupae of Hymenoptera (Tenthredinidae) caused by amyl acetate vapour emanating from marking paint.
Amyl acetate as a clearing agent for refractory plant materials.
Olfactory memories are intensity specific in larval Drosophila.
Odor-taste learning assays in Drosophila larvae.
Rapid, synergistic extractive spectrophotometric determination of copper(II) by using sensitive chromogenic reagent N″,N″'-bis[(E)-(4-fluorophenyl) methylidene]thiocarbonohydrazide.
The Evaluation of Olfactory Function in Patients With Schizophrenia.
Odor-taste convergence in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the awake freely licking rat.
Anxiolytic-like effect of lavender essential oil inhalation in mice: participation of serotonergic but not GABAA/benzodiazepine neurotransmission.
A conditioned aversion study of sucrose and SC45647 taste in TRPM5 knockout mice.
Fragrance release profile from sonochemically prepared protein microsphere containers.
Direct behavioral and neurophysiological evidence for retronasal olfaction in mice.
Notch1 activity in the olfactory bulb is odour-dependent and contributes to olfactory behaviour.
Generalization and discrimination tasks yield concordant measures of perceived distance between odours and their binary mixtures in larval Drosophila.
Visualization of odor-induced neuronal activity by immediate early gene expression.
Centrin 2 is required for mouse olfactory ciliary trafficking and development of ependymal cilia planar polarity.
Investigation of nasal CO₂ receptor transduction mechanisms in wild-type and GC-D knockout mice.
Lateralization of brain activation to imagination and smell of odors using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): left hemispheric localization of pleasant and right hemispheric localization of unpleasant odors.
Liposomes having high sensitivity to odorants.
A novel breath test to directly measure use of vaginal gel and condoms.
Responses of the solitary olfactory receptor cell of the guinea pig.
Amiloride derivatives are effective blockers of insect odorant receptors.
SML resist processing for high-aspect-ratio and high-sensitivity electron beam lithography.
[Magnetoencephalographic responses to odor and non-odor by fast Fourier transformation analysis in humans].
Antenatal insults modify newborn olfactory function by nitric oxide produced from neuronal nitric oxide synthase.
Chemosensory input and lateralization of brain function in the domestic chick.
Odorants suppress T- and L-type Ca2+ currents in olfactory receptor cells by shifting their inactivation curves to a negative voltage.
A genome-wide study on the perception of the odorants androstenone and galaxolide.
Conditioned suppression to odorous stimuli in pigeons.
The dorsolateral periaqueductal gray and its role in mediating fear learning to life threatening events.
Direct behavioral evidence for retronasal olfaction in rats.
Chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Eucalyptus loxophleba.
Nonselective suppression of voltage-gated currents by odorants in the newt olfactory receptor cells.
A new method for measuring reaction times for odour detection at iso-intensity: Comparison between an unpleasant and pleasant odour.
Critical time-window for NO-cGMP-dependent long-term memory formation after one-trial appetitive conditioning.
Odorants suppress voltage-gated currents in retinal horizontal cells in goldfish.
Functional MRI of human olfaction.
A comparison of the discriminatory ability and sensitivity of the trigeminal and olfactory systems to chemical stimuli in the tiger salamander.
A behavior-based circuit model of how outcome expectations organize learned behavior in larval Drosophila.
A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure for determination of boron in water after ultrasound-assisted conversion to tetrafluoroborate.
Tyrosinase inactivation in organic solvents.
Persistent deficits in heart rate response habituation following neonatal binge ethanol exposure.
Acquisition of Pavlovian fear conditioning using β-adrenoceptor activation of the dorsal premammillary nucleus as an unconditioned stimulus to mimic live predator-threat exposure.
Brain-state-independent neural representation of peripheral stimulation in rat olfactory bulb.
Chemosensory attention, habituation and detection in women and men.
Different circuit and monoamine mechanisms consolidate long-term memory in aversive and reward classical conditioning.
Alarm pheromones do not mediate rapid shifts in honey bee guard acceptance threshold.
Odorant exposure increases olfactory sensitivity: olfactory epithelium is implicated.
Odorants presented to the rat nasal cavity increase cortical blood flow.
Olfactory influence on tongue activity.
A comparative study of 2-deoxyglucose patterns of glomerular activation in the olfactory bulbs of C57 BL/6J and AKR/J mice.
Patterns of cerebral activation during olfactory and trigeminal stimulations.
Impairment of odor hedonics in men with schizophrenia.
Tracing odor-induced activation in the olfactory bulbs of mice using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Odorant suppression of delayed rectifier potassium current in newt olfactory receptor cells.
Zinc modulates the electro-olfactogram of the frog.
Flavor and the frontal cortex.
Regional distribution of rat electroolfactogram.
Olfactory-evoked potentials: assessment of young and elderly, and comparison to psychophysical threshold.
Chemical-modification studies on rat olfactory mucosa using a thiol-specific reagent and enzymatic iodination.
A homolog of the vertebrate pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide is both necessary and instructive for the rapid formation of associative memory in an invertebrate.
Olfactory-mediated fear-potentiated startle.
Age-related changes in olfactory processing detected with olfactory event-related brain potentials using velopharyngeal closure and natural breathing.
Effect of increased yeast alcohol acetyltransferase activity on flavor profiles of wine and distillates.
Odor memory induces brain activation as measured by functional MRI.
Ipsilateral dominance of human olfactory activated centers estimated from event-related magnetic fields measured by 122-channel whole-head neuromagnetometer using odorant stimuli synchronized with respirations.
Olfactory evoked potentials in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and anosmic patients.
The recording of odorant-induced mucosal activity patterns with a voltage-sensitive dye.
Functional organization of rat olfactory bulb analysed by the 2-deoxyglucose method.
Polymorphic transformation of isotactic poly(1-butene) in form III upon heating: in situ synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering studies.
Sensory deficits and olfactory system injury detected by novel application of MEMRI in newborn rabbit after antenatal hypoxia-ischemia.
Olfaction in utero: Behavioral studies of the mouse fetus.
Electrophysiological analysis of the nasal chemical senses in garter snakes.
[Stability of esters in the blood in vitro].
Changes in the olfactory response to amino acids in Japanese newts after transfer from an aquatic to a terrestrial habitat.
Taste, olfactory and trigeminal neophobia in rats with forebrain lesions.
Laterality of the olfactory event-related potential response.
Olfactory-mediated fear conditioning in mice: simultaneous measurements of fear-potentiated startle and freezing.
A common inhibitory binding site for zinc and odorants at the voltage-gated K(+) channel of rat olfactory receptor neurons.
Event-related brain potentials to attended and ignored olfactory and trigeminal stimuli.
Olfactory event-related potentials in young and elderly adults: evaluation of tracking task versus eyes open/closed recording.
Odor detection in rats with 3-methylindole-induced reduction of sensory input.
Rapid classical conditioning of odor response in a physiological model for olfactory research, the tiger salamander.
Odorant evoked magnetic fields in humans.
Olfactory modulation of hypoglossal neuron activity.
A new non-invasive method for recording the electro-olfactogram using external electrodes.
Human odor detectability: new methodology used to determine threshold and variation.
Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on voltage-gated K+ and Na+ channels in rat olfactory receptor neurons.
Reliability analysis of event-related brain potentials to olfactory stimuli.
'Microsmatic' primates revisited: olfactory sensitivity in the squirrel monkey.
A comparison of the acute behavioral effects of inhaled amyl, ethyl, and butyl acetate in mice.
Effects of odorants and irritants on respiratory behavior.
Electrophysiological responses to non-electrolytes in lingual nerve of rat and in lingual epithelia of dog.
Rats with one olfactory bulb removed and the contralateral naris closed can detect odors.
Effects of antibodies against odorant binding proteins on electrophysiological responses to odorants.
The size of mitral cells is altered when rats are exposed to an odor from their day of birth.
Safety evaluation of a barrier cream.
Olfactory mucosa/air partitioning of odorants.
Olfactory threshold in Parkinson's disease.
[Development of olfactory epithelial grafts in the anterior chamber of the eye].
Responses to odors mapped in snail tentacle and brain by [14C]-2-deoxyglucose autoradiography.
Double P2X2/P2X3 purinergic receptor knockout mice do not taste NaCl or the artificial sweetener SC45647.
Olfactory discrimination and incentive value of non copulating and sexually sluggish male rats.
Instability and droplet formation in evaporating thin films of a binary solution.
Type 4 phosphodiesterase inhibition impairs detection of low odor concentrations in mice.
Social play development in pre-weaning olfactory deprived or stimulated rats.
Activation by odorants of cation-selective conductance in the olfactory receptor cell isolated from the newt.
Liposomes as a model for olfactory cells: changes in membrane potential in response to various odorants.
Odor cue determinants of urine marking in male rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Sensitivity to odours in the embryo of the domestic fowl.
Odor discrimination in pigeons.
Olfactory performance of rats after selective deafferentation of the olfactory bulb by 3-methyl indole.
A two-choice discrimination method to assess olfactory performance in pigtailed macaques, Macaca nemestrina.
Relationships between odor-elicited oscillations in the salamander olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb.
Traumatic brain injury assessed with olfactory event-related brain potentials.
Identification of carbonic anhydrase activity in bullfrog olfactory receptor neurons: histochemical localization and role in CO2 chemoreception.
Olfactory discrimination ability for aliphatic esters in squirrel monkeys and humans.
Central and reflex neuronal responses elicited by odor in a terrestrial mollusk.
Chemosensitivity of the osphradium of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis
Use of lipid solvents for viral inactivation in factor VIII concentrates.
One-trial reward learning in the snail Lymnea stagnalis.
The preparation of human articular cartilage for scanning electron microscopy.
A solvent-partition method for measuring the binding of drugs to DNA. Application to the quinoxaline antibiotics echinomycin and triostin A.
Physical variables in the olfactory stimulation process.
An open-label controlled trial of theophylline for treatment of patients with hyposmia.
Phosphodiesterase 1C is dispensable for rapid response termination of olfactory sensory neurons.
On the relation between capsaicin sensitivity and responsiveness to CO2: detection sensitivity and event-related brain potentials.
Analytical variables affecting exchangeable copper determination in blood plasma.
Sniff magnitude test: relationship to odor identification, detection, and memory tests in a clinic population.
Olfactory epithelia exhibit progressive functional and morphological defects in CF mice.
TRPV1 receptors and nasal trigeminal chemesthesis.
Striatal dopaminergic responses observed in latent inhibition are dependent on the hippocampal ventral subicular region.
Timed and targeted differential regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and anti-NOS genes by reward conditioning leading to long-term memory formation.
Evidence for peripheral plasticity in human odour response.
The cerebellum and olfaction in the aging brain: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
Identification of odors from overripe mango that attract vinegar flies, Drosophila melanogaster.
Electrophysiological characterization of olfactory cell types in the antennae and palps of the housefly.
Psychophysical evaluation of responses to pleasant and mal-odour stimulation in human subjects; adaptation, dose response and gender differences.
Olfactory-hypoglossal connections.
[Expression of c-fos prooncogene in rat brain induced by an olfactory stimulus].
Oral shear stress predicts flavour perception in viscous solutions.
Direct suppression by odorants of ionotropic glutamate receptors in newt retinal neurons.
Mapping at glomerular resolution: fMRI of rat olfactory bulb.
Optical imaging of odor preference memory in the rat olfactory bulb.
The occurrence of malolactic fermentation in brandy base wine and its influence on brandy quality.
Cholinergic modulation of odor-evoked oscillations in the frog olfactory bulb.
[Intracellular calcium kinetics after odorant stimulus in olfactory receptor cells isolated from mice].
Action potential propagation in mitral cell lateral dendrites is decremental and controls recurrent and lateral inhibition in the mammalian olfactory bulb.
Effects of air flow on rat electroolfactogram.
Sensitivity of the olfactory sense declines with the aging in senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM-P1).
Assessment and discrimination of odor stimuli in rat olfactory bulb by dynamic functional MRI.
Physiologically initiated and inhibited phantosmia: cyclic unirhinal, episodic, recurrent phantosmia revealed by brain fMRI.
Olfactory event-related potentials and aging: normative data.
Taste and smell phantoms revealed by brain functional MRI (fMRI).
Prenatal intravenous cocaine adversely affects attentional processing in preweanling rats.
Individuals with Down's syndrome demonstrate abnormal olfactory event-related potentials.
Optical imaging of odorant representations in the mammalian olfactory bulb.
Mitral cells and ruffed cells. Two physiologically different types of relay neurons in the olfactory bulb of goldfish.
The characteristics of the electrovomeronasogram: its loss following vomeronasal axotomy in the garter snake.
Molecular analysis of animal and plant cells is facilitated by their attachment to collodion (cellulose nitrate) films.
Mapping brain activation to odorants in patients with smell loss by functional MRI.
Olfactory event-related potentials: older males demonstrate the greatest deficits.
Neural network classification and quantification of organic vapors based on fluorescence data from a fiber-optic sensor array.
Relationship of anesthetic activity of alkyl acetates to hydrophobicity and in vivo effect on membrane fluidity in mice.
Multiple genetic control of acetate-induced olfactory responses in Drosophila melanogaster larvae.
Olfactory receptor response to CO2 in bullfrogs.
[Exposure of women to chemical solvents during work at chemical plants and its relation to various biochemical parameters].
Odorant response of isolated olfactory receptor cells is blocked by amiloride.
Surface skin lipids of birds--a proper host kairomone and feeding inducer in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.
Spatial variation in response to odorants on the rat olfactory epithelium.
Conditioned discrimination of airborne odorants by garter snakes (Thamnophis radix and T. sirtalis sirtalis).
Interhemispheric transfer of olfactory information in homing pigeon.
Functional recovery after olfactory bulbectomy in rats: effect of embryonal brain grafts.
Detection of propionic acid vapor by rats with lesions of olfactory bulb areas associated with high 2-DG uptake.
Neural pathways that mediate the effects of afferent stimuli on paraventricular nucleus multiunit activity in freely moving rats.
Olfactory bulb responses to odor stimulation: analysis of response pattern and intensity relationships.
Uric acid is released in the zona incerta of the subthalamic region of the sheep during rumination and in response to feeding and drinking stimuli.
Adrenal-mediated endogenous metabolites inhibit puberty in female mice.
The effect of some drugs on the mitral cell odor-evoked responses in the gecko olfactory bulb.
Topographic coding of odorant quality is maintained at different concentrations in the salamander olfactory epithelium.
The effect of intranasal zinc sulfate treatment on odor-mediated behavior and on odor-induced metabolic activity in the olfactory bulbs of neonatal rats.
An operant procedure for testing olfactory capacities in restrained pigeons.
An almost completely shielded microelectrode.
Investigating the substitution of ethanol with liquid carbon dioxide during critical point drying.
Effects of intranasal irrigation with mitotic inhibitors on olfactory behavior and biochemistry in mice.
Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of cell monolayers grown on polymethylpentene coverslips.
Olfactory sensitivity during the menstrual cycle.
Invariance of odor strength with sniff vigor: an olfactory analogue to size constancy.
First suckling response of the newborn albino rat: the roles of olfaction and amniotic fluid.
The replica technique used to study superficial corneal epithelium in vivo.
Olfaction in multiple sclerosis. With a note on the discrepancy between optic and olfactory involvement.
Volatile Flavor Compounds Produced by Molds of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fungi imperfecti.
Structure and leukemogenic activity of a murine leukemia virus.
THE EFFECT OF ELECTROTONUS ON THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM.
Field tests for the colorimetric determination of the molluscicide Bayer 73.
An investigation of the reaction of copper ions with dimethylindodicarbocyanine dye: an application for the determination of Cu(I), Cu(II) and Cu(III).
Olfactory CNG channel desensitization by Ca2+/CaM via the B1b subunit affects response termination but not sensitivity to recurring stimulation.
Severe extrapyramidal syndrome after exposition to isoamyl acetate vapour.
Olfactory influences on mood and autonomic, endocrine, and immune function.
Associative memory stored by functional novel pathway rather than modifications of preexisting neuronal pathways.
Production of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) by basidiomycetous yeasts.
Odor-concentration coding in the guinea-pig piriform cortex.
Flavor perception and aroma release from model dairy desserts.
A tangerine-scented social odour in a monogamous seabird.
The effect of a glucocorticoid on olfactory response of isolated mouse olfactory cells.
Lower olfactory threshold during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.
Olfactory event-related potentials in Alzheimer's disease.
The correlation between physiological and psychological responses to odour stimulation in human subjects.
Functional MRI of congenital hyposmia: brain activation to odors and imagination of odors and tastes.
Enhancement by T-type Ca2+ currents of odor sensitivity in olfactory receptor cells.
Electroencephalographic olfactometry (EEGO) analysis of odour responses in dogs.
Use of partition models in setting health guidelines for volatile organic compounds.
Olfactory P3 in young and older adults.
An analysis of odorant-induced currents in on-cell patches on mammalian olfactory receptor neurons.
Dynamic mapping at the laminar level of odor-elicited responses in rat olfactory bulb by functional MRI.
Mitral/tufted cell activity is attenuated and becomes uncoupled from respiration following naris closure.
The role of nasal chemical senses in garter snake response to airborne odor cues from prey.
Spatially organized response zones in rat olfactory epithelium.
Hyposmia for butanol and vanillin in mutant staggerer male mice.
Functional equivalence of the two sides of the human nose in odor detection.
Olfactory event-related potentials in normal human subjects: effects of age and gender.
Physiological and histological recovery of the olfactory mucosa of the frog after a dichlobenil injection.
Salamander olfactory bulb neuronal activity observed by video rate, voltage-sensitive dye imaging. III. Spatial and temporal properties of responses evoked by odorant stimulation.
Suppression of odorant responses by odorants in olfactory receptor cells.
Prepubescent children may have specific deficits in olfactory sensitivity.
Amiloride-insensitive cation conductance in Xenopus laevis olfactory neurons: a combined patch clamp and calcium imaging analysis.
Topographic patterns of responsiveness to odorants in the rat olfactory epithelium.
Tongue reflexes during olfactory stimulation.
Analysis of organic vapors in the workplace by remote sensing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Olfactory sensitivity of rats with transection of the lateral olfactory tract.
Co-existence of cationic and chloride components in odorant-induced current of vertebrate olfactory receptor cells.
Timing of odor stimulation does not alter patterning of olfactory bulb unit activity in freely breathing rats.
Sensitivity and transduction mechanisms of responses to general odorants in turtle vomeronasal system.
The role of sucrose-sensitive neurons in ingestion of sweet stimuli by hamsters.
Ionic mechanisms of the olfactory transduction studied on isolated receptor cells of the newt.
Discrimination among odorants by single neurons of the rat olfactory bulb.
Olfactory bulb size, odor discrimination and magnetic insensitivity in hummingbirds.
Changes in smell acuity induced by radiation exposure of the olfactory mucosa.
Preparation of shadowed nuclear envelopes from Xenopus oocyte germinal vesicles for electron microscopy.
Field potential response changes in the rabbit olfactory bulb accompany behavioral habituation during the repeated presentation of unreinforced odors.
Changes in metaphasic chromosomal ultrastructure caused by denaturing treatments.
Specificity of spatial patterns of glomerular activation in the mouse olfactory bulb: computer-assisted image analysis of 2-deoxyglucose autoradiograms.
Olfactory neuroepithelium transplanted onto the parietal cortex of rats: electroolfactogram in absence of connections with the host brain.
Olfactory and nonolfactory odor detection in pigeons: elucidation by a cardiac acceleration paradigm.
Olfactory evoked potentials in the rat.
Patterned response to odor in mammalian olfactory bulb: the influence of intensity.
The prevention of porphyrin loss from tissues during routine histological processing: quantitative studies on the Harderian gland.
Neural regeneration and functional reconnection following olfactory nerve transection in hamster.
Interindividual differences in acuity for odor and aroma.
Measuring minimal concentrations of attractants detected by the nematodePanagrellus redivivus.
Scanning electron microscopy of celluloid replicas of the penile spines of the domestic cat.
Neuroblastoma cell as model for olfactory cell: mechanism of depolarization in response to various odorants.
Cytogenetic assays for mitotic poisons. The grasshopper embryo system for volatile liquids.
Transplants of olfactory mucosa in the anterior chamber of the eye: morphology, electrophysiology and biochemistry.
Functional development of the olfactory bulb and a unique glomerular complex in the neonatal rat.
Characterisation of human behaviour during odour perception.
Emergence of interoceptive and exteroceptive control of behavior in rats.
[Gas chromatographic determination of acetic acid esters in the air].
Surface morphology of bone marrow lymphocytes. I. Scanning electron microscopy of small lymphocytes bone marrow and spleen.
Observations of ridge appearances in a normal population and in Down syndrome patients (21-trisomy) using the scanning electron microscope.
Loss of color from Jiffy tubes.
Specific anosmia in the laboratory mouse.
Studies on preparation technique of human erythrocytes for clinical scanning electron microscopy.
Slow potentials of the turtle olfactory bulb in response to odor stimulation of the nose.
Scanning electron microscopy of the luminal epithelium of the mouse uterus.
Responses of olfactory bulb neurones to odour stimulation of small nasal areas in the salamander.
Response patterns of single neurons in the tortoise olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb.

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(IUPAC):	Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:	View
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CHEMBL:	View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):	HMDB39095
FooDB:	FDB018599
Export Tariff Code:	2915.39.9000
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Formulations/Preparations: •grades: commercial (85-88%), high test (85-88%), technical (90-95%), pure (95-99%); special antibiotic grade. amyl acetate is also sold by original source, as from fusel oil, pentane, or oxo process. •commercial amyl acetate is a mixture of isomers, the composition and properties depending upon the grade and derivation. the principal isomers are isoamyl, normal, and secondary amyl acetates.

General Material Information

Preferred name	amyl acetate
Trivial Name	Amyl acetate
Short Description	acetic acid, pentyl ester
Formula	C7 H14 O2
CAS Number	628-63-7
Flavis Number	9.021
ECHA Number	211-047-3
FDA UNII	92Q24NH7AS
Nikkaji Number	J1.224F
Beilstein Number	1744753
MDL	MFCD00009500
COE Number	211
Bio Activity Summary	External link
NMR Predictor	External link
Synonyms	acetate C-5 acetic acid amyl ester acetic acid N-pentyl ester acetic acid pentyl ester acetic acid, amyl ester acetic acid, pentyl ester N- amyl acetate N amyl acetate amyl acetate FCC amyl acetate normal amyl acetate primary amyl acetate primary FCC amyl acetate USP amyl acetic ester amyl-acetate (n-amyl-acetate) amylacetate birnenoel dymon swh wasp & hornet spray holiday pet repellent pentanol acetate 1-pentanol acetate 1-pentanol, acetate pentyl acetate 1-pentyl acetate N- pentyl acetate pentyl ester of acetic acid pentyl ethanoate N- pentyl ethanoate primary amyl acetate 1-Pentyl acetate n-Pentyl acetate n-Amyl acetate n-Pentyl ethanoate 1-Acetoxypentane ZED-N 50 NSC 7923 n-Amyl ethanoate X-AR 600-54/6 Acetic acid 1-pentyl ester

Suppliers

Alfa Biotechnology	Allan Chemical
Ambles Nature et Chimie	BASF
Bell Flavors & Fragrances	Berjé
Diffusions Aromatiques	EMD Millipore
Ernesto Ventós	Global Essence
Grau Aromatics	Indenta Group
Indukern F&F	Inoue Perfumery
Kingchem Laboratories	Lluch Essence
M&U International	Miltitz Aromatics
Moellhausen	Northwestern Extract
Pell Wall Perfumes	Penta International
Pfaltz & Bauer	Reincke & Fichtner
Sigma-Aldrich	Silverline Chemicals
SRS Aromatics	TCI AMERICA
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals	The John D. Walsh Company
United International	Vigon International
WholeChem	Global Essence Inc.
Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division	M&U International LLC
Penta International Corporation	SRS Aromatics Ltd
Taytonn ASCC	Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd
Ernesto Ventós S.A.

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex	No
Molecular weight	130.18698120117
Specific gravity	@ 20 °C
Pounds per Gallon	7.289 to 7.323
Refractive Index	1.4 to 1.405 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point	149 to 150°C @ 760 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure	3.5 mmHg @ 25 °C
Vapor Density	4.5
Flash Point TCC Value	23.89 °C TCC
logP (o/w)	2.3
Solubility
alcohol	Yes
water, 1700 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)	Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Fruity
ethereal, fruity, banana, pear, apple
General comment	At 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. ethereal fruity banana pear banana apple
Flavor Type: Fruity
fruity, pear, banana ripe banana, sweet
General comment	Sweet, fruity, pear overripe banana

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications	flavor and fragrance agents carrier solvents
Odor purposes	Almond , Apple , Apple red apple , Apricot , Banana , Blackberry , Blueberry , Bubble gum , Butterscotch , Carnation , Cherry , Coconut , Coffee , Crabapple blossom , Cranberry , Currant , Date , Floral , Fruit , Fruit juicy fruit , Gooseberry , Grape , Hibiscus , Honey , Hop , Huckleberry , Hyacinth , Lemon , Lily of the valley , Lime , Melon , Mint , Mulberry , Orange , Oriental , Passion fruit , Peach , Pear , Pina colada , Pineapple , Plum , Quince , Raspberry , Rose , Strawberry , Tangerine , Valerian , Vanilla , Violet
Flavoring purposes	Brandy , Chocolate cocoa , Grenadine , Pistachio , Valerian
Cosmetic purposes	Fragrance , Solvents

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 10 - Flammable. R 66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.

Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 > 1600 mg/kg National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0556694 oral-rabbit LD50 7400 mg/kg "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 357, 1986. intraperitoneal-guinea pig LDLo 1500 mg/kg American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 35, Pg. 21, 1974.
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-human TCLo 5000 mg/m3/30M SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Archiv fuer Hygiene. Vol. 78, Pg. 260, 1913. inhalation-rat LC > 3000 ppm/6H National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0558878

Safety in use information

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents, carrier solvents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for amyl acetate usage levels up to:
	8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.