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ginsene
Ginsene is an ethyl ester of 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid with a strong sweet, fruity, and floral odor used mainly as a fragrance agent.
General Material Description
Ginsene, chemically known as ethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate, is a colorless liquid ester distinguished by its intensely sweet, fruity, and floral olfactory notes reminiscent of ylang-ylang. This compound is categorized as an odorant used predominantly in fragrance formulations. It has several synonyms including 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester and ethyl cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate, reflecting variations in systematic naming. Ginsene's molecular formula is C9H14O2, with a molecular weight of approximately 154.21 g/mol. The compound is primarily derived through synthetic organic routes involving esterification of 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid with ethanol. For detailed chemical and structural data, refer to its PubChem entry. It is valued in perfumery for its bright, fruity topnotes and versatility in blending.
Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses
Ginsene occurs as a synthetic fragrance ingredient with no significant natural occurrence reported. Its applications encompass usage as a perfuming agent and fragrance additive, contributing notably fruity, floral, and leather-like nuances to compositions. The compound is employed to enhance topnotes in various fragrance products, emphasizing sweet and fresh facets. Ginsene's inclusion in formulations adheres to guidelines established by IFRA (Global), which governs fragrance material use worldwide. This regulatory framework ensures compliance with safety and concentration thresholds, enabling ginsene's safe incorporation in consumer products. Despite its aroma versatility, ginsene is not approved for flavor use, restricting its application predominantly to olfactory purposes.
Physico-Chemical Properties Summary
Ginsene exhibits physicochemical properties influencing its behaviour in fragrance formulations. It is a colorless liquid with a boiling point near 194–195°C at atmospheric pressure, indicating moderate volatility suitable for topnotes in perfumes. The compound’s estimated logP value of 3.37 suggests moderate lipophilicity, affecting solubility and interaction with skin and other ingredients. At 25°C, ginsene’s vapor pressure is low (0.396 mmHg), reflecting limited evaporation rate under room temperature conditions. This assists in sustained odor release. It is soluble in alcohols but only slightly soluble in water (about 233.8 mg/L at 25°C), enabling compatibility with alcohol-based perfume bases while minimizing aqueous dispersion. The flash point is approximately 62.8°C (145°F), highlighting standard handling precautions for flammable liquids. These properties guide formulators in selecting solvents and mixtures to optimize fragrance stability and performance.
FAQ
What is ginsene and what are its main characteristics?
Ginsene is the chemical compound ethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate, an ester noted for its very intense sweet, fruity, and floral odor profile, somewhat resembling ylang-ylang. It is a colorless liquid used primarily as a fragrance ingredient in perfumery. This compound contributes fruity, floral, and leather-like olfactory notes, often employed in topnote formulations to impart freshness and complexity.
How is ginsene used and where is it typically found?
Ginsene is used mainly as a fragrance agent in perfuming applications. It serves to enhance perfumes with fruity and floral topnotes as well as subtle leather nuances. The compound is synthetically produced and incorporated into various fragrance products worldwide. Its physicochemical characteristics make it suitable for blending in alcohol-based perfume bases. Regulatory guidelines by IFRA (Global) govern its use concentrations to assure safety.
What regulatory considerations and sourcing information apply to ginsene?
Ginsene is subject to fragrance industry standards, principally the IFRA Code of Practice (Global), which restricts its usage levels in consumer products to maintain safety. According to these regulations, ginsene is not authorized for use as a flavoring agent, limiting its application to olfactory uses. It is registered under REACH (EU) and other chemical inventories, with safety assessments by RIFM and other authorities confirming no classified hazards under OSHA. Availability typically comes through chemical suppliers producing it via esterification processes.
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2916.20.5000 |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
General Material Information
| Preferred name | ginsene |
| Trivial Name | Ethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate |
| Short Description | ethyl cyclohex-3-ene carboxylate |
| Formula | C9 H14 O2 |
| CAS Number | 15111-56-5 |
| ECHA Number | 239-161-9 |
| FDA UNII | G0CLB7H7AT |
| Nikkaji Number | J208.232B |
| MDL | MFCD00037158 |
| xLogP3-AA | 2.00 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| Synonyms |
|
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 154.208984375 |
| Boiling Point | 194 to 195°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.396 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 63 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 3.371 est |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 233.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Fruity | |
| sweet, fruity, floral, ylang | |
| General comment | Very intense sweet fruity floral ylang |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Fern , Floral , Leather |
| Other purposes | Topnotes |
| Cosmetic purposes | Perfuming agents |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for ginsene flavor usage levels up to: | |||
| not for flavor use. | |||
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):15111-56-5 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :85803 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| ethyl cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate |
| Chemidplus:0015111565 |