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acetic acid
General Material Information
| Preferred name | acetic acid |
| Trivial Name | Acetic acid |
| Short Description | ethanoic acid |
| Formula | C2 H4 O2 |
| CAS Number | 64-19-7 |
| Deleted CAS Number | 1053656-97-5 |
| FEMA Number | 2006 |
| Flavis Number | 8.002 |
| ECHA Number | 200-580-7 |
| FDA UNII | Q40Q9N063P |
| Nikkaji Number | J2.355H |
| Beilstein Number | 0506007 |
| MDL | MFCD00036152 |
| COE Number | 2 |
| xLogP3-AA | -0.20 (est) |
| Bio Activity Summary | External link |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 81 acetic acid |
| FDA Patent | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm | 64-19-7 ; ACETIC ACID |
| Synonyms |
|
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Literature & References
| acetic acid | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 64-19-7 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 176 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134971968 |
| Flavornet: | 64-19-7 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| Metabolomics Database: | Search |
| UM BBD: | Search |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C00033 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB00042 |
| FooDB: | FDB019725 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB00056 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2915.21.0000 |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
| MedlinePlusSupp: | View |
| Typical G.C. | |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| Formulations/Preparations: grades: usp united states pharmacopeia (glacial, 99.4 wt % and dilute, 36-37 wt %), cp chemically pure: a grade designation signifying a minimum of impurities, but not 100% purity; technical (80; 99.5%); commercial (6, 28, 30, 36, 56, 70, 80 & 99.5%); nf national formulary (diluted; 6.0 g100 ml). reagent grade (glacial)-99.7%, usp grade glacial-99.5%; aq acetic acid-28,36,56,70,80,85 and 90%; lab reagent (aq)-36% household vinegar is usually 5% acetic acid | |
Suppliers
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | Yes |
| Molecular weight | 60.052280426025 |
| Specific gravity | @ 25 °C |
| Pounds per Gallon | 8.712 to 8.812 |
| Refractive Index | 1.366 to 1.376 @ 20 °C |
| Melting Point | 16.6 to 16.7°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 117 to 118°C @ 760 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 48 to 49°C @ 50 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 15.7 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Vapor Density | 2.07 |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 40 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | -0.17 |
| Shelf life | 36 months (or longer if stored properly.) |
| Storage notes | Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 4.759e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | Yes |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Acidic | |
| sharp, pungent, sour, vinegar | |
| Odor strength | high , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
| Substantivity | 10 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| General comment | At 10.00 % in propylene glycol. sharp pungent sour vinegar |
| Flavor Type: Sour | |
| pungent, sour, fruit overripe fruit, acetic | |
| General comment | Pungent sour overripe fruit |
| Useful in: dairy, savory vegetable, savory meat, savory others, fruity red, fruity yellow, fruity tropical, fruity others, sweet others, alcoholics. | Pungent, sour, overripe fruit |
Occurrences
| (data available) |
Potential Uses
| Applications | |
| Odor purposes | Fruit |
| Flavoring purposes | Garlic, Raspberry |
| Other purposes | Buffering agents |
| Cosmetic purposes | Buffering agents, Fragrance |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| European information : | |
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| C - Corrosive. | |
| R 10 - Flammable. R 35 - Causes severe burns. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 23 - Do not breath fumes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately. | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226 Skin corrosion (Category 1B), H314 | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram |   |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| H226 - Flammable liquid and vapour H314 - Causes severe skin burns and eye damage | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P233 - Keep container tightly closed. P240 - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241 - Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment. P242 - Use only non-sparking tools. P243 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 + P330 + P331 - IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303 + P361 + P353 - IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. P304 + P340 - IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 - Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P363 - Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 - Store locked up. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| oral-rat LD50 3310 mg/kg Delaware State Medical Journal. Vol. 31, Pg. 276, 1959. intravenous-mouse LD50 525 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 18, Pg. 141, 1961. oral-human TDLo 1470 ug/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM SMALL INTESTINE GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGE IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF ESOPHAGUS GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM LARGE INTESTINE American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 33, Pg. 624, 1972. oral-rabbit LDLo 600 mg/kg Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 83, Pg. 136, 1920. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| skin-rabbit LD50 1060 ul/kg Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 8/7/1963 subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 600 mg/kg Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 83, Pg. 136, 1920. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| inhalation-mouse LC50 5620 ppm/1H American Industrial Hygiene Association Quarterly. Vol. 17, Pg. 129, 1956. inhalation-human TCLo 816 ppm/3M SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES AMA Archives of Industrial Health. Vol. 21, Pg. 28, 1960. inhalation-mouse LC50 5620 ppm/1H BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE Medicina del Lavoro. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 48, Pg. 559, 1957. inhalation-rat LCLo 16000 ppm/4H American Industrial Hygiene Association Quarterly. Vol. 17, Pg. 129, 1956. | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| flavoring agents and adjuvants, curing and pickling agents, flavor enhancers, acidity regulators | |||
| Recommendation for acetic acid usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Structure Class: | I | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 0.10000 | 38.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.06000 | 39.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 500.00000 | 2000.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | 400.00000 | 5000.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | 136.00000 | 5900.00000 | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | 15.00000 | 31.00000 | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | 0.03000 | 32.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | - | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 0.04000 | 15.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | 2.00000 | 12.00000 | |
| hard candy: | 0.20000 | 52.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | 0.10000 | 0.10000 | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | 8.00000 | 16.00000 | |
| milk products: | 0.80000 | 1.00000 | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | 2.00000 | 2.00000 | |
| soft candy: | 0.05000 | 0.07000 | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | 0.10000 | 0.10000 | |
Safety references
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
| Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 22 (FGE.22): Ring-substituted phenolic substances from chemical groups 21 and 25 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 3, Revision 1 (FGE.03Rev1): Acetals of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and branched- and straight-chain saturated or unsaturated aldehydes, an ester of a hemiacetal and an orthoester of formic acid, from chemical groups 1, 2 & 4 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) [1] - Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)on a request from the Commission View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 47, (FGE.47)[1] - Bicyclic secondary alcohols, ketones and related esters from chemical group 8 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 23, Revision 1 (FGE.23Rev1): Aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic ethers including anisole derivatives from chemical groups 15, 16, 26 and 30[1] - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 33 (FGE.33)[1] - Six Tetrahydrofuran Derivatives from Chemical Groups 13, 14, 16 and 26 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 9, Revision 1: (FGE.09 Rev1)[1] - Secondary alicyclic saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones and esters containing secondary alicyclic alcohols from chemical groups 8 and 30, and an ester of a phenol carboxylic acid from chemical group 25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 04 - 2-Ethylhexyl derivatives from chemical group 2 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 1 (FGE.20Rev1): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters from chemical group 23 View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 18, Revision 1 (FGE. 18 Rev1)[1] : Aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic saturated and unsaturated tertiary alcohols, aromatic tertiary alcohols and their esters from chemical groups 6 and 8 View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 8 (FGE.08)[1]: Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical group 20 View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 7, Revision 2 (FGE.07Rev2) : Saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids from chemical group 5 View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 1 (FGE.08Rev1): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Report of EFSA on the risk assessment of salts of authorised acids, phenols or alcohols for use in food contact materials [1] View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 2 (FGE.20Rev2): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30 View page or View pdf |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 9, Revision 2 (FGE.09Rev2): Secondary alicyclic saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones and esters containing secondary alicyclic alcohols from chemical group 8 and 30, and an ester of a phenol derivative from chemical group 25 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 22, Revision 1 (FGE.22Rev1): Ring-substituted phenolic substances from chemical groups 21 and 25 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 8, Revision 3 (FGE.08Rev3): Aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups from chemical groups 20 and 30 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 3(FGE.20Rev3): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30 View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of acetic acid, sodium diacetate and calcium acetate as preservatives for feed for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of straight-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing saturated alcohols and acetals containing saturated aldehydes (chemical group 1) when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of peroxyacetic acid solutions for reduction of pathogens on poultry carcasses and meat View page or View pdf |
| Retrospective analysis of the immunotoxic effects of plant protection products as reported in the Draft Assessment Reports for their peer review at EU level View page or View pdf |
| Outcome of the consultation with Member States, the applicant and EFSA on the pesticide risk assessment for acetic acid in light of confirmatory data View page or View pdf |
| Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the organic acids lactic and acetic acids to reduce microbiological surface contamination on pork carcasses and pork cuts View page or View pdf |
| Re-evaluation of acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, mono- and diacetyltartaric acid, mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (E 472a-f) as food additives View page or View pdf |
| Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of acetic acid for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search |
| NIOSH Pocket Guide:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):64-19-7 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :176 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WISER:UN 2789 |
| WGK Germany:1 |
| acetic acid |
| Chemidplus:0000064197 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
| RTECS:64-19-7 |