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ammonia

Chemical Structure

General Material Information

Preferred name ammonia
Trivial Name Ammonia
Short Description azane
Formula H3 N
CAS Number 7664-41-7
Deleted CAS Number 208990-07-2
FEMA Number 4494
Flavis Number 16.009
ECHA Number 231-635-3
FDA UNII 5138Q19F1X
Nikkaji Number J3.748F
Beilstein Number 3587154
MDL MFCD00011418
COE Number 739
xLogP3-AA -0.70 (est)
Bio Activity Summary External link
NMR Predictor External link
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 977188-02-5 ; AMMONIA (ALSO INCLUDES AMMONIUM CHLORIDE)
Synonyms
  • ammonia anhydrous
  • ammonia gas
  • azane
  • spirit of hartshorn
  • Nitro-Sil
  • R 717 (ammonia)
  • Refrigerent R717
  • Ammonia-14N
  • R 717
  • Busan 1474
  • Spirits of hartshorn
  • MeSH ID: D000641

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

azane
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:7664-41-7
Pubchem (cid):222
Pubchem (sid):134988186
Pherobase:View
Publications by Info
Ammonia

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00014
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB00051
FooDB:FDB003908
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB00091
Export Tariff Code:2814.10.0000
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
MedlinePlusSupp:View
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•grades: commercial 99.5%; refrigerant 99.97%. •aqueous soln of ammonia is often referred to & labeled as a soln of ammonium hydroxide although there is little ammonium hydroxide present. in commerce, ammonia is avail in form of aqueous soln of varying concn, or as anhydrous ammonia furnished in liquefied form . ammonia in household use contains 10% ammonia & is known as 16 deg ammonia (referring to density in degrees baume, a concn term). •shipping grades or purity: commercial, industrial, refrigeration, electronic, and metallurgical grades all have purity greater than 99.5%. •ammonia solution, more than 10% and not more than 35% ammonia. •ammonia solution, more than 35% and not more than 50% ammonia. •bcmw; active ingredient 7.59% ammonia •busan 1215; active ingredient 7.59% ammonia

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 17.030910491943
Vapor Pressure 8.75 mmHg @ 21 °C
Vapor Density 6
Flash Point TCC Value 132.22 °C TCC
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 5.101e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Ammoniacal
ammoniacal
General comment At 0.10 % in water. ammoniacal

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Other purposes Buffering agents
Cosmetic purposes Buffering agents, Fragrance

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
T N - Toxic, Dangerous for the environment.
R 10 - Flammable.
R 23 - Toxic by inhalation.
R 34 - Causes burns.
R 50 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 09 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-human LD50 15 ul/kg
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.

unreported-man LDLo 132 mg/kg
"Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970.

oral-man TDLo 15 uL/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGE IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF ESOPHAGUS
American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 3, Pg. 320, 1985.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 2000 ppm/4H
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 607, 1969.

inhalation-rabbit LC50 7000 mg/m3
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.

inhalation-mouse LC50 4230 ppm/1H
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 41, Pg. 1568, 1982.

inhalation-cat LC50 7000 mg/m3/1H
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE)
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.

inhalation-human LCLo 5000 ppm/5M
Tabulae Biologicae. Vol. 3, Pg. 231, 1933.

inhalation-human TCLo 20 ppm
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: ULCERATED NASAL SEPTUM: OLFACTION SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: STRUCTURAL OR FUNCTIONAL CHANGE IN TRACHEA OR BRONCHI
Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. Vol. 13, Pg. 528, 1955.

inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LCLo 5000 ppm/5M
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 138, Pg. 65, 1928.

inhalation-rabbit LC50 7000 mg/m3/1H
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.

Safety in use information

Category:
acidity regulators
Recommendation for ammonia usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 34.00 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 110000 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 24. Update in publication number(s): 29
Click here to view publication 24
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: 282.00000423.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): 150.00000225.00000
beverages(alcoholic): 200.00000300.00000
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: 420.00000630.00000
confectionery froastings: 500.000001500.00000
egg products: 1000.000003000.00000
fats / oils: 200.00000300.00000
fish products: 1000.000003000.00000
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: 420.00000630.00000
hard candy: 1000.000003000.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: 1000.000003000.00000
milk products: 1000.000003000.00000
nut products: 420.00000630.00000
other grains: 420.00000630.00000
poultry: 420.00000630.00000
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: 325.00000488.00000
reconstituted vegetables: 400.00000630.00000
seasonings / flavors: 1000.000003000.00000
snack foods: 420.00000630.00000
soft candy: --
soups: 420.00000630.00000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): 500.000001500.00000
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): --
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): --
Processed fruit (04.1): --
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): --
Confectionery (05.0): 500.000001500.00000
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): --
Bakery wares (07.0): --
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): 500.000001500.00000
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): 500.000001500.00000
Eggs and egg products (10.0): --
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): --
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): 500.000001500.00000
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): --
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): --
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 500.000001500.00000
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): 500.000001500.00000
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): 500.000001500.00000

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 46 (FGE.46)[1]: Ammonia and two ammonium salts from chemical group 30
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 46, Revision 1 (FGE.46Rev1): Ammonia and three ammonium salts from chemical group 30
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
EPA-Iris:IRIS
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
NIOSH Pocket Guide:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):7664-41-7
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :222
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1005
WGK Germany:2
azane
Chemidplus:0007664417
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:7664-41-7