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General Material Information

Preferred name 2,4-nonadienal
Trivial Name 2,4-Nonadienal
Short Description nona-2,4-dienal
Formula C9 H14 O
CAS Number 6750-03-4
FEMA Number 3212
Flavis Number 5.071
ECHA Number 229-810-4
FDA UNII Search
COE Number 732
xLogP3-AA 2.70 (est)
NMR Predictor External link
JECFA Food Flavoring 1185 2,4-nonadienal
FDA Patent No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm 6750-03-4 ; 2,4-NONADIENAL
Synonyms
  • nona-2,4-dien-1-al
  • nona-2,4-dienal
  • N- nona-2,4-dienal
  • 2,4-nonadien-1-al
  • 2,4-nonadien-1-al FCC
  • n-Nona-2,4-dienal

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents

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Literature & References

nona-2,4-dienal
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:6750-03-4
Pubchem (cid):23203
Pubchem (sid):134987512
Flavornet:6750-03-4
Publications by PubMed
Analysis of Volatile Compounds from Siraitia grosvenorii by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.
Exocrine secretions of wheel bugs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Arilus spp.): clarification and chemistry.
The effect of feed solids concentration and inlet temperature on the flavor of spray dried whey protein concentrate.
Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography analysis of volatile carbonyl compounds in virgin olive oils.
Identification of characteristic flavour precursors from enzymatic hydrolysis-mild thermal oxidation tallow by descriptive sensory analysis and gas chromatography-olfactometry and partial least squares regression.
Identification and quantification of aroma compounds of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) and some of its milling fractions.
Aroma characterization of tangerine hybrids by gas-chromatography-olfactometry and sensory evaluation.
Studies on the key aroma compounds in soy milk made from three different soybean cultivars.
Assessment of the oxidative stability of conventional and high-oleic sunflower oil by means of solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography.
Effect of fat content on aroma generation during processing of dry fermented sausages.
Identification and formation of volatile components responsible for the characteristic aroma of mat rush (igusa).
Defensive effects of fullerene-C60 dissolved in squalane against the 2,4-nonadienal-induced cell injury in human skin keratinocytes HaCaT and wrinkle formation in 3D-human skin tissue model.
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mutagenic aldehydes and particulate matter during pan frying of beefsteak.
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in beef and pork vegetable gravies á la chef by application of the aroma extract dilution analysis.
Headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined to chemometric analysis for volatile organic compounds determination in canine hair: a new tool to detect dog contamination by visceral leishmaniasis.
[Unsaturated fatty acids and aldehydes during treatment of oak wood].
Characterization of the most odor-active compounds in an American Bourbon whisky by application of the aroma extract dilution analysis.
Comparison of odor-active compounds from six distinctly different rice flavor types.
Instrumental and sensory characterization of heat-induced odorants in aseptically packaged soy milk.
Comparison of three lychee cultivar odor profiles using gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-sulfur detection.
Characterization of cachaça and rum aroma.
Genotoxicity and oxidative stress of the mutagenic compounds formed in fumes of heated soybean oil, sunflower oil and lard.
Determination of temperature-dependent Henry's law constants of odorous contaminants and their application to human perception.
Structural characterization of an etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine adduct modified by tetrahydrofuran.
Identification of aroma active compounds in orange essence oil using gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Formation of aroma compounds and lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) activity in unblanched leek (Allium ampeloprasum Var. Bulga) slices during long-term frozen storage.
Identification of the main odor-active compounds in musts from French and Romanian hybrids by three olfactometric methods.
Mutagenicity and identification of mutagenic compounds of fumes obtained from heating peanut oil.
Effect of oleic and linoleic acids on the production of deep-fried odor in heated triolein and trilinolein.
Synthesis of deuterated volatile lipid degradation products to be used as internal standards in isotope dilution assays. 1. Aldehydes.
Influence of variety and growing location on the development of off-flavor in precooked vacuum-packed potatoes.
2,4-Nonadienal and benzaldehyde bioantimutagens in Fushimi sweet pepper (Fushimi-togarashi).
Enhanced protection against peroxidation-induced mortality of aortic endothelial cells by ascorbic acid-2-O-phosphate abundantly accumulated in the cell as the dephosphorylated form.
Is the thiobarbituric acid-reactivity of blood plasma specific to lipid peroxidation?
Cytotoxicities of a linoleic acid hydroperoxide and its related aliphatic aldehydes toward cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Lethal effects of a linoleic acid hydroperoxide and its autoxidation products, unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes, on human diploid fibroblasts.
Volatile food attractants forOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) from oats.

Other Information

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB31685
FooDB:FDB008348
Export Tariff Code:2912.19.9000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View

PhysChem Properties

Material listed in food chemical codex No
Molecular weight 138.20977783203
Specific gravity @ 25 °C
Pounds per Gallon 7.073 to 7.239
Refractive Index 1.522 to 1.525 @ 20 °C
Boiling Point 221 to 222°C @ 760 mm Hg
Acid Value 5 max KOH/g
Vapor Pressure 0.102 mmHg @ 25 °C
Flash Point TCC Value 92.78 °C TCC
logP (o/w) 2.91 est
Solubility
alcohol Yes
water, 318.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) Yes
water No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Type: Green
fatty, green, cucumber, fruit tropical fruit
Odor strength high , recommend smelling in a 0.10 % solution or less
Substantivity > 24 hour(s) at 100.00 %
General comment At 0.10 % in dipropylene glycol. fatty green cucumber
Flavor Type: Fatty
chicken fat, citrus peel, waxy, melon, cucumber
General comment Chicken fat citrus peel waxy melon cucumber
Chicken flavors, citrus especially orange and tangerine. Also used to impart fatty notes for peanut butter, as well as back notes of melon and cucumber flavors. Strong chicken fat notes, with citrus peel, waxy notes; melon and cucumber back notes

Occurrences

Potential Uses

Applications
Odor purposes Violet leaf
Flavoring purposes Cucumber, Fruit tropical fruit, Green, Nut, Violet
Cosmetic purposes Perfuming agents

Safety Information

Safety information

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 38 - Irritating to skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in use information

Category:
flavoring agents
IFRA Critical Effect:
Insufficient data
View the IFRA Standard
Recommendation for 2,4-nonadienal usage levels up to:
PROHIBITED: Should not be used as a fragrance ingredient.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.94 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 0.70 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 560 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 4. Update in publication number(s): 29
Click here to view publication 4
average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: 2.000007.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): 0.900004.00000
beverages(alcoholic): 0.010002.00000
breakfast cereal: 0.200000.20000
cheese: --
chewing gum: 5.0000010.00000
condiments / relishes: 1.000002.00000
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: 2.000007.00000
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: 1.000005.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: 0.500002.00000
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: 3.0000018.00000
milk products: 0.200000.20000
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: 2.000008.00000
soups: 0.200000.20000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): 0.500001.50000
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): 0.500005.00000
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): 0.010001.00000
Processed fruit (04.1): --
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): 0.010001.00000
Confectionery (05.0): 1.000005.00000
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): 0.051001.00000
Bakery wares (07.0): 1.000005.00000
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): 3.000005.00000
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): 2.000005.00000
Eggs and egg products (10.0): 0.010001.00000
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): 0.010001.00000
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): 3.0000010.00000
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): --
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): 0.050001.00000
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 0.020001.00000
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): 3.000005.00000
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): 0.010001.00000

Safety references

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 203: alpha,beta-Unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and precursors from chemical subgroup 1.1.4 of FGE.19 with two or more conjugated double bonds and with or without additional non-conjugated double bonds
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 203, Revision 1 (FGE.203Rev1): a,ß-Unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and precursors from chemical subgroup 1.1.4 of FGE.19 with two or more conjugated double-bonds and with or without additional non-conjugated double-bonds
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 203, Revision 2 (FGE.203Rev2): a,ß-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and precursors from chemical subgroup 1.1.4 of FGE.19 with two or more conjugated double-bonds and with or without additional non-conjugated double-bonds
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of 26 compounds belonging to chemical group 3 (a,ß-unsaturated straight-chain and branched-chain aliphatic primary alcohols, aldehydes, acids and esters) when used as flavourings for all animal species and categories
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 70, Revision 1 (FGE.70Rev1): consideration of aliphatic, linear, a,ß-unsaturated, di- and trienals and related alcohols, acids and esters evaluated by JECFA (61st-68th-69th meeting)
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):6750-03-4
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :23203
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
nona-2,4-dienal
Chemidplus:0006750034