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pepperwood
Pepperwood is a fragrance compound known for its herbal and distinctly peppery odor used primarily in aromatic applications.
General Material Description
Pepperwood, chemically identified as carbamic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl ester, is a carbamate ester fragrance ingredient primarily noted for its herbal and peppery sensory profile. This compound, with molecular formula C13H23NO2, is a colorless to pale liquid commonly used in perfumery to impart a fresh, spicy herbal note. Its synonyms include 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamate and Dimethylcarbamic acid 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl ester. Pepperwood is available through chemical synthesis and is listed in databases such as PubChem. Its sensory attributes and chemical properties make it suitable for fragrance formulation though it is not used as a flavor additive.
Occurrence, Applicability & Potential Uses
Pepperwood occurs primarily as a synthetic fragrance ingredient designed to contribute herbal and spicy notes in fragrance blends. It is not known to be naturally occurring in significant quantities but chemically resembles constituents found in some essential oils. The compound's application is focused on cosmetic and perfumery uses as a fragrance agent. According to IFRA (Global) standards, pepperwood is regulated to ensure safe use within fragrance formulations and is not recommended for flavor applications. Its characteristic peppery aroma makes it useful in woody, spicy, and herbal scent compositions.
Physico-Chemical Properties Summary
Pepperwood exhibits a molecular weight of approximately 225.33 g/mol and has a molecular formula of C13H23NO2. It possesses a relatively high flash point near 118 B0C (264 B0F), indicating stability in handling and formulation. Its vapor pressure at 25 B0C is very low (about 0.002 mmHg), supporting reduced volatility and extended fragrance longevity. The compound shows moderate lipophilicity with an estimated logP around 4.3, promoting solubility in alcohol-based solvents while being sparingly soluble in water (approximately 5.9 mg/L at 25 B0C). These properties influence its incorporation into fragrance mixtures, favoring oil and alcohol solvents and impacting release profile and diffusion.
FAQ
What is pepperwood and what are its primary characteristics?
Pepperwood is a synthetic fragrance compound formally known as 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamate. It is recognized for its herbal and peppery odor notes that contribute a fresh, spicy character to fragrance compositions. The compound is a carbamate ester with a molecular formula of C13H23NO2 and is primarily used in perfumery and cosmetic products.
How and where is pepperwood used, and what are its solubility and stability features?
Pepperwood is employed mainly as a fragrance agent in perfumery to provide herbal and spicy aroma accents. It is soluble in alcohol and has limited solubility in water, which aligns with typical fragrance formulation solvents. Its high flash point and low vapor pressure at room temperature indicate good stability during storage and use. This compound is manufactured through chemical synthesis rather than extraction from natural sources.
What regulations and safety considerations apply to pepperwood in fragrance applications?
According to the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Code of Practice (Global), pepperwood is regulated for use in fragrances to ensure consumer safety. It is not recommended for flavor use and is categorized strictly as a fragrance material. No significant hazard classifications have been identified under OSHA HCS (US), and available toxicological data do not indicate major risk; however, standard precautions for handling fragrance chemicals should be observed.
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / Scholar / Patents
| Google Scholar | Start search |
| Google Books | Start search |
| Google Patents | Start search |
| Perfumer & Flavorists | Start search |
| EU Patents | Start search |
| PubMeb | Start search |
| NCBI | Start search |
Other Information
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
| ChemSpider: | View |
General Material Information
| Preferred name | pepperwood |
| Trivial Name | 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamate |
| Short Description | carbamic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl ester |
| Formula | C13 H23 N O2 |
| CAS Number | 67643-70-3 |
| FDA UNII | Search |
| xLogP3-AA | 3.30 (est) |
| NMR Predictor | External link |
| Synonyms |
|
PhysChem Properties
| Material listed in food chemical codex | No |
| Molecular weight | 225.33171081543 |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.002 mmHg @ 25 °C |
| Flash Point TCC Value | 129.1 °C TCC |
| logP (o/w) | 4.316 est |
| Solubility | |
| alcohol | Yes |
| water, 5.872 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | Yes |
| water | No |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Type: Herbal | |
| peppery | |
| General comment | At 100.00 %. peppery |
Safety Information
Safety information
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in use information
| Category: | |||
| fragrance agents | |||
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search | |||
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice | |||
| Recommendation for pepperwood flavor usage levels up to: | |||
| not for flavor use. | |||
Safety references
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):67643-70-3 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :56843582 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamate |
| Chemidplus:0067643703 |